Adenoma detection with blue-water infusion colonoscopy: a randomized trial.

Background and aims Colonoscopy is currently the reference method to detect colorectal neoplasia, yet some adenomas remain undetected. The water infusion technique and dying with indigo carmine has shown interesting results for reducing this miss rate. The aim of this study was to compare the adenoma detection rate (adenoma and adenocarcinoma; ADR) and the mean number of adenomas per patient (MAP) for blue-water infusion colonoscopy (BWIC) versus standard colonoscopy. Methods We performed a multicenter, randomized controlled trial in eight units, including patients with a validated indication for colonoscopy (symptoms, familial or personal history, fecal occult blood test positive). Consenting patients were randomized 1:1 to BWIC or standard colonoscopy. All colonoscopies were performed by experienced colonoscopists. All colonoscopy quality indicators were prospectively recorded. Results Among the 1065 patients included, colonoscopies were performed completely for 983 patients (514 men; mean age 59.1). The ADR was not significantly different between the groups; 40.4 % in the BWIC group versus 37.5 % in the standard colonoscopy group (odds ratio [OR] 1.13; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.87 - 1.48; P = 0.35). MAP was significantly greater in the BWIC group (0.79) than in the standard colonoscopy group (0.64; P = 0.005). For advanced adenomas, the results were 50 (10.2 %) and 36 (7.3 %), respectively (P = 0.10). The cecal intubation rate was not different but the time to cecal intubation was significantly longer in BWIC group (9.9 versus 6.2 minutes; P < 0.001). Conclusion Despite the higher MAP with BWIC, the routine use of BWIC does not translate to a higher ADR. Whether increased detection ultimately results in a lower rate of interval carcinoma is not yet known. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: EudraCT 2012-A00548 - 35; NCT01937429.

Phase I study of daily irinotecan as a radiation sensitizer for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose of daily irinotecan given with concomitant radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between September 2000 and March 2008, 36 patients with histologically proven unresectable pancreas adenocarcinoma were studied prospectively. Irinotecan was administered daily, 1 to 2 h before irradiation. Doses were started at 6 mg/m(2) per day and then escalated by increments of 2 mg/m(2) every 3 patients. Radiotherapy was administered in 2-Gy fractions, 5 fractions per week, up to a total dose of 50 Gy to the tumor volume. Inoperability was confirmed by a surgeon involved in a multidisciplinary team. All images and responses were centrally reviewed by radiologists. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients were enrolled over a period of 8 years through eight dose levels (6 mg/m(2) to 20 mg/m(2) per day). The maximum tolerated dose was determined to be 18 mg/m(2) per day. The dose-limiting toxicities were nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, dehydration, and hypokalemia. The median survival time was 12.6 months with a median follow-up of 53.8 months. The median progression-free survival time was 6.5 months, and 4 patients (11.4%) with very good responses could undergo surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The maximum tolerated dose of irinotecan is 18 mg/m(2) per day for 5 weeks. Dose-limiting toxicities are mainly gastrointestinal. Even though efficacy was not the aim of this study, the results are very promising, with a median survival time of 12.6 months.

[Subcapsular hepatic hematoma after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: case report and literature review]. / Hématome sous-capsulaire hépatique après cholangiopancréatographie rétrograde endoscopique: description d'un cas clinique et revue de littérature.

Subcapsular hepatic hematoma is a rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The mechanism of this lesion has not been clearly established. The following observation clarifies the physiopathology, as well as providing a review of the various cases described in the literature.

Prospective evaluation of a new ultrathin one-plane bending videoendoscope for transnasal EGD: a comparative study on performance and tolerance.

BACKGROUND: EGD, with small-diameter endoscopes, is routinely performed via a nasal route in adults. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a new ultrathin one-plane bending videoendoscope for transnasal EGD. DESIGN: Single center, prospective, randomized study. SETTING: Edouard Herriot University Hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 122 outpatients (median age, 49 years [18-81 years], 62 men and 60 women) were randomized into 2 groups (on a 2:1 basis) according to the endoscope used: (1) a standard 5.9-mm-diameter videoendoscope (80 patients) or (2) a one-plane bending high resolution 4.9-mm-diameter videoendoscope (42 patients). MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: The operator assessed the quality of examination by using standard scores or a 100-mm visual scale. Patients quantified tolerance by using a 100-mm visual scale. RESULTS: The duration of the procedure was the same in each group. The feasibility of transnasal insertion was significantly higher when using the 4.9-mm-diameter endoscope (97.61% [41/42 patients] vs 88.75% [71/80 patients], P<.05). The tolerance of EGD was significantly better in the group with the small videoendoscope, for global discomfort, pain, belching, and bloating. Similarly, acceptation of a new EGD in similar conditions was higher in group 2 (92.9% vs 80%, P<.05). The quality of examination (global, lavage, inflation, suction) was not different between the 2 groups. LIMITATIONS: Evaluation of patient tolerance and quality of examination was based on subjective features. CONCLUSIONS: Availability of a new ultrathin one-plane bending videoendoscope represents a major technical improvement for transnasal EGD, which significantly improves both feasibility and patient tolerance, without affecting the quality of the examination.