Glaucoma de ângulo fechado secundário à inflamação orbitária inespecífica: relato de caso / Angle-closure glaucoma secondary to nonspecific orbital inflammatory: case report

Inflamação orbital não-específica apresenta diversas formas clínicas. O envolvimento do segmento posterior do olho, geralmente, por contigüidade pode trazer sérios danos à função visual. A esclerite posterior, em geral, acarreta prejuízo permanente da visão e raramente evolui com glaucoma agudo. RELATO DO CASO: E.N., 24 anos, masculino, negro apresentando queixa de dor em OE há dez dias, acompanhada de diminuição da acuidade visual, mal-estar geral, náuseas e vômitos. Ao exame oftalmológico apresentava proptose, restrição da movimentação e edema na pálpebra superior de OE. AV c/c: 20/20 e CD 1,5m. À biomicroscopia, apresentava em OE hiperemia conjuntival, córnea com precipitados endoteliais, câmara anterior rasa, células e " flare" na câmara anterior 2+. Pressão intra-ocular (Po) de 14 mmHg em OD e 34 mmHg em OE. A gonioscopia em OE evidenciava ângulo fechado 360º, não se visualizando linha de Schwalbe. O mapeamento de retina revelava aumento da tortuosidade vascular e edema do pólo posterior. O tratamento para o glaucoma agudo foi instituído, ainda em ambiente hospitalar, e solicitados exames complementares. O exame de ultra-som ocular e TC de órbita revelaram espessamento difuso da parede ocular e da musculatura extrínseca ocular. Os demais exames apresentaram-se dentro da normalidade. A hipótese diagnóstica foi de inflamação orbitária anterior não-específica aguda com envolvimento do segmento posterior do globo ocular, complicado por glaucoma agudo. Instituiu-se tratamento com prednisona 60 mg/dia via oral. Após duas semanas do início da corticoterapia sistêmica, apresentava-se assintomático com nítida regressão da proptose, do quadro de esclerite e normalização da Po (11mmHg em AO). O presente caso, apesar de pouco freqüente, mostra que o glaucoma agudo pode estar presente em um quadro inflamatório orbitário e deve ser tratado com corticoterapia sistêmica, além da medicação tópica.

The nonspecific orbital inflammatory presents several clinical forms. When it evolves the posterior segment of the eye, usually by contiguity, it can lead to serious damage to vision functions. Posterior scleritis causes permanent damage to the vision and rarely progresses to acute glaucoma. CASE REPORT: E.N., a 24-year-old black man, complained of pain in the left eye (OS) for ten days, with low visual acuity, malaise, nauseas and vomiting. On ophthalmologic examination, he presented proptosis, restricted eye movements and edema on the upper left eyelid. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in OD and counting fingers at 1.5m in OS. The intraocular pressure was 14mmHg in OD and 34 mmHg in OS. The biomicroscopy presented in OS conjunctival hyperemia cornea with keratic precipitates, shallow anterior chamber with cells and flare 2+. Gonioscopy in OS showed angle-closure of 360º. The ophthalmoscopic examination revealed increased vascular tortuosity and posterior pole edema. Treatment for acute glaucoma was initiated and complementary tests were ordered. Ocular ultrasonography and orbit computerized tomography showed a diffuse thickening of the ocular wall and extrinsic muscles. Other tests were normal. The presumptive diagnosis was acute nonspecific orbital inflammation affecting the ocular bulb posterior segment together with acute glaucoma. He initiated on prednisone 60 mg/day PO. After two weeks of systemic corticotherapy, the patient was asymptomatic, with evident regression of proptosis and scleritis and normal intraocular pressure (11 mmHg in AU). Although not very frequent, acute glaucoma may be present in orbital inflammatory process and should be treated with systemic corticotherapy and topical medication.

[Angle-closure glaucoma secondary to nonspecific orbital inflammatory: case report]. / Glaucoma de ângulo fechado secundário à inflamação orbitária inespecífica: relato de caso.

UNLABELLED: The nonspecific orbital inflammatory presents several clinical forms. When it evolves the posterior segment of the eye, usually by contiguity, it can lead to serious damage to vision functions. Posterior scleritis causes permanent damage to the vision and rarely progresses to acute glaucoma. CASE REPORT: E.N., a 24-year-old black man, complained of pain in the left eye (OS) for ten days, with low visual acuity, malaise, nauseas and vomiting. On ophthalmologic examination, he presented proptosis, restricted eye movements and edema on the upper left eyelid. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in OD and counting fingers at 1.5m in OS. The intraocular pressure was 14 mmHg in OD and 34 mmHg in OS. The biomicroscopy presented in OS conjunctival hyperemia cornea with keratic precipitates, shallow anterior chamber with cells and flare 2+. Gonioscopy in OS showed angle-closure of 360 masculine. The ophthalmoscopic examination revealed increased vascular tortuosity and posterior pole edema. Treatment for acute glaucoma was initiated and complementary tests were ordered. Ocular ultrasonography and orbit computerized tomography showed a diffuse thickening of the ocular wall and extrinsic muscles. Other tests were normal. The presumptive diagnosis was acute nonspecific orbital inflammation affecting the ocular bulb posterior segment together with acute glaucoma. He initiated on prednisone 60 mg/day PO. After two weeks of systemic corticotherapy, the patient was asymptomatic, with evident regression of proptosis and scleritis and normal intraocular pressure (11 mmHg in AU). Although not very frequent, acute glaucoma may be present in orbital inflammatory process and should be treated with systemic corticotherapy and topical medication.

Traumatic tear of the inferior rectus muscle treated with inferior oblique anterior transposition.

PURPOSE: To report a case of traumatic tear of the inferior rectus muscle treated with inferior oblique anterior transposition (IOAT). METHODS: Case report of a 55-year-old man who presented with vertical diplopia (VD) after orbital trauma. Ocular examination disclosed a 62PD right hypertropia (RHT) in the primary position (PPO). The right inferior rectus (RIR) was torn, and the distal stump was fixed to the skin with tape. RESULTS: Surgery was performed under local anesthesia. The RIR tearing occurred 13 mm from the insertion, and exploration revealed its proximal end. The right inferior oblique (RIO) was intact, although its fibers were loose. Since the RHT did not improve following reattachment of the proximal and distal stumps of the RIR, the distal stump was excised and the proximal end brought forward and sutured 6.5 mm from the limbus. At perioperative evaluation, there was a 25PD RHT in PPO where the VD persisted. The RIO was subsequently isolated, detached, and its distal end, after 6 mm resection, was sutured to a point temporal to the lateral border of the RIR. The patient was reevaluated and had neither RHT nor VD in primary gaze. At the 6-week postoperative evaluation, he was orthotropic in PPO, complaining about diplopia only on extreme downgaze. A mild limitation of right depression was observed. The patient was satisfied with the surgical results and experienced no functional limitations during any activities. CONCLUSION: IOAT can provide acceptable binocular visual function without the risk of anterior segment ischemia in cases of torn inferior rectus muscle.

Avaliaçäo de manipulaçöes inadequadas em lentes intra-oculares / Evaluation of inadequated handling of intraocular lenses

Foram selecionadas ao acaso 15 lentes intra-oculares (LIOs) de câmara posterior. Após um implante simulado, feito por várias equipes cirúrgicas, esse material foi analisado, dando especial atençäo aos danos causados por manipulaçöes inadequadas. Os danos observados e documentados tornaram algumas lentes impróprias ao uso