The results of the microscopic and hematological studies of liquid body malolyakhovsky mammoth

Introduction: Mammoth trunk excavation of on the island Malyi Lyakhov in the Laptev Sea became a historical discovery for the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) in 2013. According to paleontologists, the age of this find is 43 thousand years. The main features of the Malolyakhovsky mammoth are preservation of the soft tissues and a detection of the dark-brown liquid substance, which was found along the bottom of the mammoth's trunk. The aim: Firstly, to reveal and study preservation of cell elements of biomaterial received at excavation of 2013. Secondly, to find out and study preservation of cell elements taken from a blood vessel of a front extremity, during preparation of the Malolyakhovsky mammoth trunk which was carried out in March, 2014. Material and methods: 1. A dark-brown liquid substance, which flowed out at excavation; 2. biomaterials from a blood vessel taken during preparation of the mammoth's trunk became the materials of this researches. In order to study morphological properties of gained biomaterials, we used the following methods: microscopic smear research, hematological analyses with use of technology of peroxidase cytochemical reaction, a technique of two-dimensional laser light, and cyanide-free hemoglobin estimation. Results: Under microscopic examination, the cell elements similar to elements of blood of mammals, were found: the monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes containing nuclear inclusions. The comparative analysis showed that the cells found in a dark-brown liquid substance received at excavation and in smear of the biomaterial taken from a blood vessel, have the identical morphological structure of cell elements. Studying of primary biomaterial on the hematological analyzer confirmed the maintenance of the same cells (lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes), and availability of hemoglobin which value was 22 g/l. Conclusions: The unique preservation of the soft tissues, which were found in permafrost, allowed to find and describe morphological properties of cell elements of a fossil animal for the first time.

The hypo- and hyperelementosis to women of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: Stability of the chemical composition of the body is one of the most important and mandatory conditions for its normal functioning. Accordingly, deviations in the content of chemical elements caused by environmental, climatic-geographical factors or diseases will lead to a wide range of disorders in the state of health. Therefore, the identification and evaluation of deviations in the exchange of macro- and microelements, as well as their correction, are a promising direction of modern medicine. The aim of the work is to reveal the regularity of distribution of diselementoses and the elemental profile of pathology in women from various regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Using the multielement analysis system using AES-ISP and MS-ISP methods, the content of chemical elements in the hair of 555 women from various regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) was investigated. The study of hair was conducted on the content of 24 chemical elements (Al, As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Ti, V, Zn , µg / g). RESULTS: Results and conclusions: The results obtained show that the risk of hyperelementosis in the female population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is significantly increasing in the direction of south-south; in the direction of north-south the risk of development of hypo-elemental diseases increases significantly. At the same time, the central regions of the republic are an exception to the general scheme: the prevalence of excessive accumulation in the hair as toxic and essential chemical elements is also great here, as in the arctic regions of the republic.

[anthropometric indices of women of the Yakut nationality (from 18 to 89 years) depending on the variant speed of aging].

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: the paper deals with the biological age of women living in extreme climatogeographic conditions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The aim of the study was to identify the anthropometric characteristics of women of yakut nationality (from 18 to 89 years), depending on the rate of aging. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: Anthropometric measurements were carried out by the classical method of V. V. Bunak. The absolute values of the main body components (fat, muscle and bone mass) were calculated using the Matiegka formulas. Body mass index (BMI) was determined. The variant of the rate of aging was revealed by the value of the rate of aging coefficient (Gorelkin A. G., Pinkhasov B. B., 2010). The obtained material was processed using the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics of SPSS 17.0 application package. RESULTS: Results: The age characteristics of the distribution of the rate of aging women of Yakutia are revealed. The predominant option of ageing among young women, the first and second periods of adulthood was the normal rate of ageing, and among older women and senile women was the slow option of ageing. The share of accelerated aging is significantly reduced in older age groups until complete disappearance in the elderly age group. Women with accelerated aging had significantly greater body weight, relative weight of fat component than women with other options of aging rate. In terms of BMI, women with accelerated aging were significantly more likely to be overweight and obese. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: Biological age women of Yakutia has the age features. Ethno-territorial features of distribution of variants of aging rate of women living in different regions of Russia are established. The obtained results can be one of the biomarkers for determining the rate of aging of the female body, and used to develop recommendations for improving the quality and increasing the life expectancy of the female population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

[Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the CYP11B2, GNB3 and NOS3 genes in various ethnic groups of arctic zone of yakutia suffering from arterial hypertension].

OBJECTIVE: Introduction: This article presents the results of a study of the frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the CYP11B2 -344 T> C genes; GNB3 825 C> T; NOS3 -786 T> C and 894 G> T in different ethnic groups of residents of the Arctic zone of the republic "Sakha" (Yakutia), suffering from essential arterial hypertension. The aim: The aim of this study is to determine the presence of statistically significant differences in the frequencies of the above-mentioned polymorphisms in the studied ethnic groups of people living in the Arctic zone of Yakutia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: The material for the study was whole blood obtained during venipuncture. The volunteer groups studied were formed along ethnic lines and included the Yakuts, Slavs, Evens, and Evenks. Further, the representatives of the aforementioned ethnic groups were further grouped by aboriginal basis, in accordance with which the following groups were formed: "Indigenous Minorities of the Arctic Zone" and "Non-Indigenous Ethnic Groups of the Arctic Zone". To identify the polymorphisms indicated above, the method of real-time polymerase chain reaction with detection of the melting point of duplexes was used. RESULTS: Results: As a result, statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) differences between the considered, in the framework of this study, ethnic groups at the points CYP11B2 -344 T> C; NOS3 -786 T> C and 894 G> T. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: The revealed differences can be further considered as a basis for studying the clinical features of the course of arterial hypertension in people with polymorphisms of the respective genes, as well as a basis for further pharmacogenetic studies.

Characteristics of the anthropometric measures and biological age of girls of Yakut ethnicity depending on tanner's index.

INTRODUCTION: severe climatic conditions of Yakutia influence the human morphofunctional status and it requires a comprehensive biomedical researches. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of the anthropometric measures and biological age of Yakut girls aged 16-20 depending on Tanner's index. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the analysis of anthropometric examination of 1276 girls is presented. Anthropometric measurements were performed using the method of V.V. Bunak (1941). The absolute values of the main components of the body were estimated according to Matiegka's formula (1921). The body mass index (BMI) was used. The type of body build was determined by Tanner's index (1968). Biological age was estimated by the coefficient of aging rate (A.G. Gorelkin, B.B. Pinkhasov, 2010). Obtained material was processed by the method of variation statistics with the use of SPSS (version 17.0). We used the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics. RESULTS: the constitutional characteristics of girls have revealed the predominance of mesomorphic body type. Values of fat and bone body components had no significant difference depending on the body type by Tanner. Significant differences between the parameters of the pelvis and the amount of muscle body component were detected in the girls of gynemorphic and andromorphic body types. CONCLUSIONS: we revealed ethno-territorial differences among girls, which are characterized by the predominance in Yakut girls of the mesomorphic type of constitution by Tanner's index. The study of the indicators of biological age has elucidated constitutional differences.

The HELIO-geophysical storminess health effects in the cardio-vascular system of a human in the middle and high latitudes.

INTRODUCTION: cardiovascular impairment remains one of the most current problems of today's life and the definition of the connection between its development and the state of heliogeophysical storminess is currently important. The results of long-term researches of communication between cardiovascular catastrophes (myocardial infarction) and heliogeophysical storminess in the middle and high latitudes are shown in this work. AIM: to study the influence of space weather parameters on human cardio-vascular system in the high and middle latitudes. To define the particular space weather parameters and the mechanisms of their influence on human myocardial infarction progressing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: for the statistical processing of medical records data we use a spectral-time analysis, a correlation method and a method of overlapping of epochs. We have studied about 145 thousand medical records of ambulance medical services for the period of 1992 -2001. In order to define the reasons influencing the development of a myocardial infarction, we have made a comparison of myocardial infarction progress cases with Kp-index characterizing the level of geomagnetic storminess. RESULTS: the coincidence of geomagnetic storminess maximum with the cases of myocardial infarction, as well as the number of heart attacks excess in 1.5 times per a year near the maximum heliogeophysical activity (1992) compared to the year near the minimum of activity (1998) indicate possible influence of geomagnetic storminess on the myocardial infarction development of people living in subauroral latitudes. CONCLUSIONS: it was concluded that the appearance of heliogeophysical storminess in the myocardial infarction development in the mid-latitudes is largely due to the presence of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations, and in the high latitudes, especially in maximum years of heliogeophysical storminess, it is due to the geomagnetic storminess caused by the parameters of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field.

Characteristics of the anthropometric measures and biological age of girls of Yakut ethnicity depending on tanner's index.

INTRODUCTION: severe climatic conditions of Yakutia influence the human morphofunctional status and it requires a comprehensive biomedical researches. The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of the anthropometric measures and biological age of Yakut girls aged 16-20 depending on Tanner's index. MATERIALS AND METHODS: the analysis of anthropometric examination of 1276 girls is presented. Anthropometric measurements were performed using the method of V.V. Bunak (1941). The absolute values of the main components of the body were estimated according to Matiegka's formula (1921). The body mass index (BMI) was used. The type of body build was determined by Tanner's index (1968). Biological age was estimated by the coefficient of aging rate (A.G. Gorelkin, B.B. Pinkhasov, 2010). Obtained material was processed by the method of variation statistics with the use of SPSS (version 17.0). We used the methods of parametric and nonparametric statistics. RESULTS: the constitutional characteristics of girls have revealed the predominance of mesomorphic body type. Values of fat and bone body components had no significant difference depending on the body type by Tanner. Significant differences between the parameters of the pelvis and the amount of muscle body component were detected in the girls of gynemorphic and andromorphic body types. CONCLUSIONS: we revealed ethno-territorial differences among girls, which are characterized by the predominance in Yakut girls of the mesomorphic type of constitution by Tanner's index. The study of the indicators of biological age has elucidated constitutional differences.

The HELIO-geophysical storminess health effects in the cardio-vascular system of a human in the middle and high latitudes.

INTRODUCTION: cardiovascular impairment remains one of the most current problems of today's life and the definition of the connection between its development and the state of heliogeophysical storminess is currently important. The results of long-term researches of communication between cardiovascular catastrophes (myocardial infarction) and heliogeophysical storminess in the middle and high latitudes are shown in this work. AIM: to study the influence of space weather parameters on human cardio-vascular system in the high and middle latitudes. To define the particular space weather parameters and the mechanisms of their influence on human myocardial infarction progressing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: for the statistical processing of medical records data we use a spectral-time analysis, a correlation method and a method of overlapping of epochs. We have studied about 145 thousand medical records of ambulance medical services for the period of 1992 -2001. In order to define the reasons influencing the development of a myocardial infarction, we have made a comparison of myocardial infarction progress cases with Kp-index characterizing the level of geomagnetic storminess. RESULTS: the coincidence of geomagnetic storminess maximum with the cases of myocardial infarction, as well as the number of heart attacks excess in 1.5 times per a year near the maximum heliogeophysical activity (1992) compared to the year near the minimum of activity (1998) indicate possible influence of geomagnetic storminess on the myocardial infarction development of people living in subauroral latitudes. CONCLUSIONS: it was concluded that the appearance of heliogeophysical storminess in the myocardial infarction development in the mid-latitudes is largely due to the presence of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations, and in the high latitudes, especially in maximum years of heliogeophysical storminess, it is due to the geomagnetic storminess caused by the parameters of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field.