[Allergies to 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives]. / Allergien gegen 8-Hydroxychinolin-Derivate.

Evaluation of our standardized test results from 1972 to 1983 indicated Vioform allergies in 1.2% of all cases and Sterosan allergies in 1.1%. Our results are within the spectrum found in the literature for Vioform between 0.3 and 5.1% and for Sterosan between 0.3 and 3.7%. In the course of those 12 years we observed a growing tendency towards Vioform and Sterosan allergies on the basis of annual percentage figures. In the last year of our observation the frequency of Vioform and Sterosan allergies amounted to 1.7% each. We conclude, therefore, that inclusion of these two substances in the standard battery is justified. According to the pertinent literature, Sterosan and Vioform allergies are, on an average, 3 to 4 times more frequent in patients suffering from leg ulcers and/or chronic venous insufficiency than amongst eczema patients.

[Group allergies and multiple reactions in patients with allergy to hydroxyquinoline derivatives]. / Gruppenallergien bzw. Mehrfachreaktionen bei Patienten mit Allergie gegen Hydroxychinolin-Derivate.

We carried out patch testing with a chinoline block comprising 25 substances in 316 patients with a suspected allergy to chinoline derivatives in the period from February 1969 to December 1983. 110 patients reacted to 2 or more substances. The reactions were totaled and tabulated in a list indicating frequency of sensitisation as decreasing in the order of Cl-F-Br-I halogens. The most frequent reactions observed were with Chlorisept, Sterosan, Vio-form, Chinosol, Ondron, and Broxychinolin, for all of which primary sensitisations are also possible. Concomitant reactions to chinaldol, chinaldine, aminochinaldine and chinoline are considered to be group allergies since contact is hardly possible with these substances in everyday life. Due to the lack of appropriate history, reactions to Resochin and the isoquinoline compounds Papaverine and Eupaverine may also be regarded as group allergies. Accordingly, non-hydroxylized chinoline derivatives are also viewed as group allergies in cases of sensitisation to hydroxy-chinoline derivatives. The group spectrum of hydroxy-chinoline allergy seems to be more far-reaching than was assumed. Five cases of a quinine allergy identified by appropriate history and confirmed epicutaneously are presented with a group allergy to various chinoline derivatives, including two cases with quinidine.

[Metal allergies. Results of patch tests from 1981 to 1984]. / Metall-Allergien. Epikutantestergebnisse von 1981 bis 1984.

From 1981 to 1984 987 patients of the Allergy Department of the Würzburg University Dermatological Hospital were evaluated with patch testing using a standard series; 199 patients were additionally tested with a specially composed metal battery. The results of the standard series with regard to the four metals contained in it, namely mercuric chloride, nickel sulphate, cobalt sulphate and potassium bichromate, were contrasted with the test results of the metal battery. Here there were conspicuous discrepancies between the two collectives, above all, with respect to cobalt. In comparison to the data contained in the literature we found appreciable differences in the metals copper, cobalt and potassium bichromate.

Patch testing in children (II). Results and case reports.

The results of 10 years of patch testing in children aged 3-16 years are reported. The commonest allergens found were nickel, cobalt, para-dyes and chromate. 26 cases are recorded in detail.

Patch testing in children. (I) Collective test results; skin testability in children.

The results of 10 years of patch tests in children with eczema aged between 3 and 16 years are reported. 147 children were tested, of whom 104 (71%) reacted. 334 (6.1%) of 5398 tests were positive and 302 were relevant. 3,539 tests were negative in the 104 children who reacted to at least one substance. 1,525 negative tests were found in 43 children who showed no positive reactions, making a total of 5,064 negative tests among 141 children. The conclusions are: (i) Positive tests are relatively infrequent in children in relation to the large number of tests performed. (ii) The high number of negative results shows that the skin of children can be tested with the concentrations used for adults, and supports the allergic nature of the positive reactions in the series, which were relevant in 90% of the patients.

[Contact allergies of the oral mucosa]. / Mundschleimhaut-Kontaktallergien.

Patch tests were performed on 132 patients suspected of allergic sensitivity to dentures. Of these, 98 reacted positively to at least one substance. While only 4 patients showed positive reactions to methyl methacrylate, 42 (31,8%) had positive tests with the catalyst benzoyl peroxide, 4 and 5 patients, respectively, were positive to 4 different inhibitors, 7 patients reacted positively to various softeners and 3 to the reducing agent hydrazine sulfate. 43 positive reactions occurred on the commercial products, of these 39,5% on the liquid monomer, 23,2% on the polymer in powder form and 37,2% on the polymer in lamellar form. Among the 132 patients, 111 positive tests on metal allergens could be observed. Cadmium-, copper- and nickel-salts accounted for one half of all reactions. The sensitivity index of cadmium was 18,2% and of copper 13,6%, which indicates a high allergen exposition. Nickel, chrome and cobalt allergies were registered in 9,9; 8,3 and 6,1% of the patients, respectively, what is only slightly below the sensitivity indices of our standard test results in Würzburg.

[Insect hyposensitization using whole-body extract]. / Insektenhyposensibilisierung mit Ganzkörperextrakt.

The following information was obtained through a control of 76 patients allergic to insect bites who were treated with whole body extract (WBE): The reaction to insect sting was light in 11 patients, intermediate in 31, and severe in 28, while 6 patients developed only extreme local reactions. In 17% of the cases, systemic reactions occurred during skin testing. No statistically significant correlation existed between the severity of the reactions to stings in the patients' history and the skin test results, but such a significant correlation could be found between history of sting reactions and serum antibodies. Hyposensitization, 25% of the patients showed systemic reactions mostly in the first months of therapy. In a posttherapeutic repetition of the skin test with WBE in 40 patients, no statistically significant change in skin sensitivity could be found. Additionally, 27 patients were tested posttherapeutically with venom. No statistical correlation could be found between WBE and venom skin test. 38 patients have been stung at least once since the beginning of therapy. 24 of these (63%) showed no reaction, 10 (26%) developed a weaker reaction by at least one grade, and 4 (10%) reacted just as before therapy. This makes an overall success rate of 90%.

[Allergic contact eczema to pyridine and hydrazine derivatives]. / Allergisches Kontaktekzem auf Pyridin- und Hydrazinderivate.

The case of a chemistry student with a severe bullous, eczematous allergic contact dermatitis and with a diagnosed sensitization towards pyridine and hydrazine derivatives is reported. The results of the group allergy testing are compared with those in the literature and the widespread occurrence of pyridine and hydrazine compounds is summarized in tables.

[Erythrocyte sensitization syndrome (Gardner-Diamond syndrome, Sharp's painful bruising syndrome)]. / Das erythrozytäre Sensibilisierungssyndrom (Gardner-Diamond-Syndrom, Painful Bruising Syndrom Sharp).

This article gives a review of the literature dealing with the morphological aspects in erythrocyte sensitization syndrome and presents a patient with typical systemic and skin involvement in whom psychic stress situations play an important role as a trigger mechanism.

[Anaphylactic shock during general anaesthesia due to fentanyl and alloferin in a patient with positive skin test (author's transl)]. / Anaphylaktischer Schock während der Narkose mit positivem Hauttest auf Fentanyl und Alloferin.

A patient who suffered an anaphylactic shock during general anaesthesia showed positive reactions in a skin test with fentanyl (i.e. in Thalamonal) and Alloferin. As we did not find similar case reports in literature we present this rare case of anaphylactic shock during general anaesthesia evidently based on allergic mechanisms induced by fentanyl and Alloferin.

[Excessive allergy due to benzoic acid followed by anaphylactic shock. (author's transl)]. / Exzessive Allergie gegen Benzoesäure mit anaphylaktischem schock nach Expositionstest.

The case of a trained chemical worker highly sensitive to benzoic acid is described. He suffered from allergic reactions of increasing intensity while being constantly exposed to benzoic acid during work. After oral exposure to benzoic acid he suffered a severe anaphylactic shock and later on showed similar but milder reactions when eating food containing benzoic acid. No allergic reactions reoccurred avoiding every contact with benzoic acid especially observing a strict benzoic acid-free diet.

[Allergy to ed-edta and formaldehyde (author's transl)]. / Ethylendiamin (ED)-, Ethylendiamintetraacetat (EDTA)-und Formalin-Allergien.

1. Comparison of the ED/EDTA allergies as determined by epicutaneous testing from 1977-79 with the test results from 1980. An increase in the sensitization indices for ED as well as for EDTA is evident. 2. Additional information concerning the occurrence of ED/EDTA. 3. EDTA and formaldehyde allergy. 4. ED/EDTA and antibiotic allergy.

Vitamin C allergy of the delayed type.

A case of vitamin C allergy of the delayed type is reported. Eczematous skin lesions appeared during normal uptake of the vitamin C contained in food. After a vitamin C-free diet, the skin lesions disappeared. Patch tests and an oral exposure with vitamin C gave positive reactions. This observation of vitamin C allergy is compared with previous published cases.

[Ethylenediamine allergy]. / Athylendiamin-Allergie.

Evaluation of our Patch-test results from 1977-1979. Proven allergies to ethylene diamine (ED): 2,17%; proven allergies to ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA): 1,7%. Enormous increase of ED-allergies since the first publication 1959 attributed to the following: 1. The widespread use of ED with a tabullary presentation of all detectable means of application of ED. 2. Cross allergies of various other substances. Summary of cases in the literature regarding source of sensitization and evocation of clinical reaction. Surprisingly high quota of EDTA allergies in our patient records. Reference to the widespread use of EDTA (tables).

[Pesticide allergy - allergic contact eczema of a vintner (author's transl)]. / Pestizid-Allergie Allergisches Kontaktekzem bei einer Winzerin.

Professional eczema of a Vintner who proved to be positive in epicutaneaous testing with sensitization to 7 pesticides used in her own vineyard. First documented case of an allergy to parathion. Additional proof of an iatrogenic sensitization to Fenticlor (dioxy-dichlor diphenylsulfid) with group allergy.