ABSTRACT
Ten polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized from the rice- and maize-infecting Basidiomycete fungus Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group AG-1 IA. All loci were polymorphic in two populations from Louisiana in USA and Venezuela. The total number of alleles per locus ranged from four to eight. All 10 loci were also useful for genotyping soybean-infecting R. solani AG-1 isolates from Brazil and USA. One locus, TC06, amplified across two other AG groups representing different species, showing species-specific repeat length polymorphism. This marker suite will be used to determine the global population structure of this important pathogenic fungus.
Subject(s)
Diverticulum/diagnosis , Fistula/diagnosis , Scrotum/physiopathology , Ultrasonography , Urethral Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Diverticulum/etiology , Diverticulum/physiopathology , Epididymitis/diagnosis , Epididymitis/pathology , Fistula/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Scrotum/pathology , Testicular Hydrocele/diagnosis , Testicular Hydrocele/physiopathology , Urethral Diseases/etiology , Urethral Diseases/physiopathology , Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic/complications , UrographyABSTRACT
Pyelo-ureteral duplication is often considered as having little clinical significance. This is not always true. An isolated superior segment of a dysplastic kidney may be at the origin of severe infections or abnormal urinary discharge. Lacking urinary concentration it escapes to normal classic diagnostic procedures. Three cases are presented and discussed.
Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology , Kidney Pelvis/abnormalities , Ureter/abnormalities , Adult , Female , Humans , Kidney Pelvis/pathology , Ureter/pathologyABSTRACT
The measurements of circulating total thyroxine (T4) and total triiodothyronine (T3) depend on the concentrations of thyroid hormone binding proteins, especially TBG. A simple approach, the calculation of free T3 index (FT3I) and augmented FT3I (aFT3I) from total T3 and T3-resin uptake, corrects the total serum T3 for variation in thyroid hormone binding capacity. In a group of 95 patients with borderline elevated T3 levels (3.0-4.5 nmol/l) we have correlated the results of FT3I and aFT3I with clinical, biochemical and radioisotope findings: in a subgroup of 23 euthyroid females taking oestrogens (group A1) and in 22 other patients with TBG elevations (independent of oestrogens, group A2) the results for total T3 were within the slightly hyperthyroid range (3.32 +/- 0.3 and 3.26 +/- 0.24 nmol/l respectively), but FT3I was always within the normal range. In contrast, FT3I was clearly elevated in 50 hyperthyroid patients (group B) compared to the total T3 (4.6 +/- 0.6 and 3.9 +/- 0.4 nmol/l respectively). An even better discrimination was obtained by calculation of augmented FT3I. It is concluded that in patients with moderate elevations of T3 the FT3I and aFT3I are capable of distinguishing clearly between the euthyroid and hyperthyroid range. The estimation is thus indicated in all patients with changes in thyroid hormone binding protein concentration and is of great value in confirming or ruling out the diagnosis of T3-toxicosis, T4-toxicosis and in all cases of "preclinical" or borderline hyperthyroidism.
Subject(s)
Hyperthyroidism/blood , Thyroxine/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Thyronines/blood , Thyroxine-Binding Proteins/analysisABSTRACT
A comparative study of thyroid uptake and PB131I in two groups of 20 euthyroid persons each was performed. In one group 131I was administered in the form of capsules and in the other as a solution. The application of 131I in capsule form showed no significant decrease of thyroid uptake at 2, 24 and 48 hr but a significant diminishment of PB131I 48 hr after capsule ingestion (p less than 0,05). In 3 patients the scintiscans of the abdomen 24 hr after administration of three 131I capsules (90 muCi) revealed no circumscribed areas of activity. Because the iodine metabolism is dependent upon the kind of carrier, we conclude that for thyroid uptake measurements and the following 131I therapy the same 131I preparation should be used.
Subject(s)
Iodine Radioisotopes/administration & dosage , Thyroid Gland/metabolism , Capsules , Female , Humans , Iodine Radioisotopes/metabolism , Male , Solutions , Thyroid Function Tests , Thyroxine/blood , Triiodothyronine/bloodABSTRACT
In 36 patients with neoplastic diseases 72 episodes of hypercalcaemia with serum-calcium levels greater than or equal to 2.75 mmol/l were treated (19 breast carcinoma; 9 bronchial or lung carcinoma; 5 multiple myeloma; 1 each jejunal carcinoid, malignant lymphoma, phaeochromocytoma). Cardinal symptoms were mental, neuromuscular and renal during the hypercalcaemic episodes. Mithramycin is preferred to other methods (infusion of sodium chloride and frusemide, prednisone, sodium-potassium-phosphate infusion) of treating acute or subacute hypercalcaemia. Mithramycin in a single injection of 20-25 microgram/kg body-weight intravenously is usually sufficient to counteract a hypercalcaemic phase for at least 7-10 days, often much longer. There was a highly significant fall in serum-calcium levels from two days onwards after mithramycin injection. Toxic side-effects were minimal and restricted to transitory increase in transaminase levels, initially 5-6 times normal with a maximum on the third day and normalisation on the fifth day after mithramycin administration.
