Update on female urethral reconstruction.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Female urethral stricture (FUS) is not frequent but can be the cause of significant morbidity. A somewhat overlooked condition for years, it has received significant attention in recent times. In this review, we update the current evidence surrounding FUS management. RECENT FINDINGS: It is estimated that FUS is present in about 1% of all women having check-ups for lower urinary tract symptoms. Etiology is considered as idiopathic in half of the cases, iatrogenic in one-third, whereas infection/inflammation and trauma account for the rest. Symptoms presented are usually nonspecific and nondiagnostic. Pelvic examination, uroflowmetry, endoscopy, and urethrography are the most frequently employed diagnostic tools. Urodynamics/video-urodynamics can be used to document obstruction and to differentiate true anatomic strictures from functional disorders. Urethral dilation (UD) is the most frequent management procedure, sometimes followed by self-dilation, but recurrence is high, at over 50%. By contrast, reconstructive surgery is far more efficient, with overall curative rates of around 90%. SUMMARY: A high index of suspicion is required to identify FUS patients. UD is advised as a first approach but after one or two failed attempts, reconstruction at a referral center should be considered.

Retrograde intrarenal surgery using the single - use flexible ureteroscope Uscope 3022 (Pusen™): evaluation of clinical results.

INTRODUCTION: Reusable endoscopes have some limitations regarding their continued use. To sort out these problems, several disposable devices have appeared on the market. Our objective is to show our clinical results with a new digital flexible single-use ureteroscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study presents a prospective series of patients who underwent endoscopic surgery as treatment for renal stones using the digital disposable endoscope Uscope 3022™. Demographic, procedure and stone information were registered including surgery time, stone-free rate, need of ureteral catheterization and complications, among others. The behavior of the ureteroscope in terms of image quality and problems associated with flexibility and the working channel were also registered. RESULTS: A total of 71 procedures were included in the analysis. The mean age was 49.9 years old, with 70.4% of male patients. Mean stone size was 11.4 mm (4 to 40 mm). The most frequent stone location was in the lower calyces (28.2%). The stone burden was high (>2 cm) in 8.4% of patients. The mean surgical time was 56.6 minutes (15-180 min). In 94.4% of the cases, a laser was used with dusting parameters. The global stone-free rate (SFR) was 95.2%, but in the subgroups analysis SFR were significantly superior in stones less than 10 mm (97.9%) versus stones between 10 and 20 mm (94.5%) and greater than 20 mm (78.3%) (p <0.01). The postoperative placement of double-J stents was required in 66.2% of patients. Two minor complications were recorded and they were related to the ureteral access sheath used. There were no problems regarding the performance of the ureteroscope. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical data observed in this series does not differ from the results traditionally obtained with other reusable devices. To our knowledge, this series is the first worldwide report evaluating the clinical behavior and results in humans of the Uscope 3022.

Tratamiento del prolapso de órgano pélvico con colposacropexia larascópica experiencia en una unidad de uroginecología / Laparoscopy colposacropexy in tratment of pelvic organ prolapse: experience of a unit of uroginecology

Introducción. La colposacropexia abdominal es el gold standard para el tratamiento del prolapso de órgano pélvico (POP) con componente apical ya que permite el tratamiento de todos los compartimentos, con buenos resultados anatómicos y subjetivos, con bajas tasas de recidiva. La laparoscopía ofrece los beneficios de la cirugía mínimamente invasiva, manteniendo los resultados de su contraparte abierta. Nuestro objetivo es dar a conocer los resultados de una serie de colposacropexia laparoscópica en una unidad de uroginecología. Material y métodos. Se realizó la técnica en 69 pacientes con POP sintomático. En las pacientes con incontinencia de orina por esfuerzo se instaló un sling suburetral. Se comparó el descenso anatómico pre y postoperatorio de acuerdo a la clasificación POP-Q. Se definió éxito como un descenso no mayor al 1/3 proximal vaginal para el compartimento apical y no mayor al punto 0 para los compartimentos anterior y posterior. Se evaluó la mejoría subjetiva con la escala PGI-I. Se consideró éxito un índice no superior a 3. Se registraron las complicaciones intraoperatorias y postoperatorias.Resultados. Con un seguimiento promedio de 11.8 meses, la tasa de éxito anatómico fue 95 por ciento y la tasa de éxito subjetivo un 82 por ciento. El total de complicaciones pre y postoperatorias fue 16 por ciento con dos casos de complicaciones grado III. Diez pacientes presentaron incontinencia urinaria de novo y 4 fracasaron a un sling suburetral.Conclusión. Con un seguimiento promedio de un año, la colposacropexia laparoscópicaparece ser una técnica eficaz y segura para el tratamiento del POP con componente apical.(AU)

Introduction. Abdominal sacrocolpopexy is the gold standard in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) including the apical segment since it allows the correction of all three segments with high success rates and a low recurrence rate. The laparoscopic approach offers the advantages on minimally invasive surgery with equivalent efficacy. Our objective is to describe our experience performing laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy in a urogynecology unit. Material y Methods. Sixty nine patients with symptomatic POP underwent the technique. Those presenting with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) had a suburethral sling. The anatomic improvement was evaluated with the POP-Q system. Success was defined by apical descent not superior than 1/3 of the proximal vagina and anterior and posterior walls not below point0. The symptomatic outcome was evaluated with the PGI-I index. Success was defined by PGI-I not superior to 3. We recorded intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results. With a mean follow-up of 11.8 months, the objective success rate was 95 pertcent while symptomatic success was 82 pertcent. Total complication rate was 16 pertcent , two of which were grade III complications. Ten patients presented with de novo SUI and 4 failed to a suburethral sling. Conclusion. With a mean follow-up of one year, laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy is effective and safe treatment for symptomatic apical POP.(AU)