Subject(s)
Betacoronavirus , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Patient Care Team/organization & administration , Pneumonia, Viral/therapy , Psychological Trauma/therapy , COVID-19 , Coronavirus Infections/complications , Coronavirus Infections/psychology , Humans , Inpatients/psychology , Mental Health , Mental Health Services/organization & administration , Pandemics , Patient Care/methods , Pneumonia, Viral/complications , Pneumonia, Viral/psychology , Psychological Trauma/etiology , Quality of Health Care , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Objective: Youth with ADHD and comorbid anxiety (ADHD+ANX) experience increased social and academic impairment compared with youth with ADHD without anxiety (ADHD). Group differences in attentional and impulse control may underlie this increased impairment. Examination of group differences using behavioral measures of attentional and impulse control has yielded inconsistent findings. This study explored group differences using event-related potentials (ERPs), which provide neural information concerning early information processing. Method: ERPs (early frontal positivity [EFP], N2) were collected while youth aged 11 to 17 with ADHD (n = 31) and ADHD+ANX (n = 35) completed a visual and an auditory computer task. Results: Compared with the ADHD group, the ADHD+ANX group exhibited larger N2 amplitudes to no-go stimuli and larger EFP amplitudes to target auditory stimuli, with variable attention allocation to nontarget stimuli. Conclusion: The addition of anxiety to ADHD appears to alter early attentional processing, which may be an important aspect of this comorbidity.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , Adolescent , Anxiety , Attention , Child , Electroencephalography , Evoked Potentials , Humans , Reaction TimeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of models employing the classification of severity of injury, based on either GCS scores or clinical findings using standardized test scores for Occupational Therapy, Physiotherapy and Psychology in predicting outcomes associated with paediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHOD: Medical records were reviewed to obtain GCS scores and standardized tests used in the clinically based classification of severity of injury for 30 individuals who sustained a paediatric TBI and were patients of a brain injury treatment programme. Interviews were conducted with parents to obtain current data on social participation, cognitive functioning and environmental factors. RESULTS: Three variables emerged as significant predictors of outcome: age at injury, clinical ratings of injury severity and environmental factors. CONCLUSION: Findings offer preliminary support for the idea that a combination of factors, including age at injury, clinical expertise and the environment, provide the best estimate of long-term outcome.
Subject(s)
Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Brain Injuries/rehabilitation , Developmental Disabilities/rehabilitation , Disability Evaluation , Disabled Children/rehabilitation , Activities of Daily Living , Child , Child, Preschool , Cognition Disorders/diagnosis , Cognition Disorders/rehabilitation , Cohort Studies , Developmental Disabilities/diagnosis , Female , Glasgow Coma Scale , Humans , Infant , Injury Severity Score , Interpersonal Relations , Learning Disabilities/diagnosis , Learning Disabilities/rehabilitation , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Registries , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In Canada, allocation of rehabilitation services is often based on the assumption that families who have third party insurance funding are well served by the private sector system and are not in need of publicly funded rehabilitation services. However, there has been little research comparing the experiences of caregivers with and without access to third party insurance funding; data that could inform service planning and provision. METHOD: The current study compared the stresses, resources and psychological health of caregivers of children with Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) with and without third party funding. RESULTS: Caregivers with third party funding (MVA) reported a similar level of stress in comparison to caregivers without funding (non-MVA); however there were differences in what these families perceived as stressful. CONCLUSIONS: Although results indicated significant psychological distress and depressive symptoms for both groups, parents in both groups reported high availability of and satisfaction with services, although they used very few services. Implications for clinical services are discussed.
