ABSTRACT
Desarrollar actividades en una institución de salud, expone a los enfermeros a múltiples agentes biológicos de potencial amenaza infecciosa como Hepatitis A, B, C, VIH/Sida, Tuberculosis, Varicela, Tuberculosis, Rubeola, Citomegalovirus, COVID-19, entre otras enfermedades trasmisibles, promoviendo un riesgo psicosocial al temor de contagiarse. Determinar los riesgos psicosociales ante la amenaza infecciosa en personal de enfermería de un hospital de Ecuador. Fue un estudio epidemiológico-descriptivo de cohorte transversal entre septiembre a diciembre de 2020, con una muestra de 74 enfermeros. Recolección de datos se aplicó una encuesta de 44 preguntas cerradas dicotómicas. Los datos se almacenaron en Microsoft Excel y se analizaron con Epidat. Como resultado 68,92% eran sexo femenino, con edades entre 31-35 (33,78%), 58,11% casados, 41,89% solteros y 60,81% tenían hijos. Los riesgos psicológicos característicos fueron 24,32% de ansiedad, 21,62% estrés, 18,92% depresión, 12,16% trastornos de sueño, 8,11% trastornos de conducta alimentaria y consumo de psicofármacos, 4,05% pensamientos suicidas y 2,70% consumen alcohol, el más resaltante de los riesgos sociales fue el distanciamiento familiar con 37,84%. Se concluye que el riesgo biológico es, sin duda, el más frecuente entre los riesgos laborales del personal de salud, aflorando distintos niveles de ansiedad, lo cual pone en juego incluso hasta la calidad de atención que se pueda otorgar a los pacientes.
Developing activities in a health institution, exposes nurses to multiple biological agents of potential infectious threat such as Hepatitis A, B, C, HIV / AIDS, Tuberculosis, Varicella, Tuberculosis, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, COVID-19, among other communicable diseases , promoting a psychosocial risk to fear of being infected. To determine the psychosocial risks in the face of the infectious threat in nursing personnel of a hospital in Ecuador. It was an epidemiological-descriptive study of a cross-sectional cohort between September and December 2020, with a sample of 74 nurses. Data collection, a survey of 44 closed dichotomous questions was applied. The data were stored in Microsoft Excel and analyzed with Epidat. As a result, 68.92% were female, with ages between 31-35 (33.78%), 58.11% were married, 41.89% were single, and 60.81% had children. The characteristic psychological risks were 24.32% anxiety, 21.62% stress, 18.92% depression, 12.16% sleep disorders, 8.11% eating disorders and consumption of psychotropic drugs, 4.05% thoughts suicides and 2.70% consume alcohol, the most prominent of the social risks was family distancing with 37.84%. It is concluded that biological risk is, without a doubt, the most frequent among the occupational risks of health personnel, raising different levels of anxiety, which puts at stake even the quality of care that can be given to patients.
ABSTRACT
CONCLUSIONS: Cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA (COX2) levels are higher in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients than in controls and this correlates with tumor size and outcome. These findings suggest the use of this parameter as a future tumor marker. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the expression of COX2 mRNA in peripheral blood cells in HNC patients and in healthy controls and its relationship with outcome and progression-free survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 41 consecutive HNC patients and 16 healthy controls and analyzed for COX2 mRNA with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and compared with beta-actin as a house-keeping gene. RESULTS: Treatment consisted of surgery only (4 patients), chemoradiotherapy (18), chemotherapy followed by curative surgery (4) or palliative chemotherapy (15). COX2 mRNA levels were higher in patients with unfavorable outcome (mean 6.8, median 2.06) than those with favorable outcome (mean 1.2, median 1.31) (p=0.062). Both were higher than for healthy controls (mean 0.74, median 0.72; p<0.001). In bulky tumors, the percentage of level over 6 in unfavorable outcome cases was higher than in the favorable outcome cases (p=0.005). In chemotherapy patients with level
Subject(s)
Cyclooxygenase 2/blood , Cyclooxygenase 2/genetics , Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics , Head and Neck Neoplasms/metabolism , Membrane Proteins/blood , Membrane Proteins/genetics , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Actins/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Combined Modality Therapy , DNA Primers/genetics , DNA, Complementary/genetics , Disease Progression , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The aim of the El Alamo project was to define the demographic and clinic characteristics, treatment and evolution of women with invasive breast cancer diagnosed in hospitals of the GEICAM group (Spanish Breast Cancer Research Group) between 1990 and 1993. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Data from 4,532 patients were included. Forms were completed according to the medical history of patients, and collected in the GEICAM scientific office, where they were added to a data base. RESULTS: 32 hospitals from 19 provinces and 11 regional communities participated in the study. Mean age of the 4,532 patients was 56.72 years, 1,428 (31.5%) were premenopausal and 2,988 (65.9%) were postmenopausal. Stage II tumors were most frequent (55.5%). Among patients with stage I, II and III at diagnosis, surgery was the first treatment in most (90.7%), radical mastectomy being the most frequent procedure performed (79.7%). 70.4% of 1941 patients with positive axillary node and 37.4% of 1,806 patients without axillary affection received adjuvant chemotherapy with or without hormone therapy. CONCLUSIONS: El Alamo project represents the largest data base on breast cancer in Spain and the results are similar to those observed in other countries such as the USA.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Breast Neoplasms/mortality , Breast Neoplasms/therapy , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Spain/epidemiology , Survival RateABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVO: El objetivo del proyecto "El Álamo" fue definir las características demográficas y clínicas, los tratamientos y la evolución de las mujeres diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama invasivo en hospitales del Grupo Español de Investigación en Cáncer de Mama entre los años 1990 y 1993. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Se incluyeron datos de 4.532 pacientes, recogidos entre diciembre de 1999 y diciembre de 2000. Los formularios completados a partir de las historias clínicas se incorporaron a una base de datos. RESULTADOS: En el estudio participaron 32 hospitales de 11 comunidades autónomas. La edad media de las 4.532 pacientes incluidas era de 56,72 años, de las que 1.428 (31,5 por ciento) eran premenopáusicas y 2.988 (65,9 por ciento) posmenopáusicas. Los tumores de estadio II fueron los más frecuentes (55,5 por ciento). Entre las enfermas con estadios I, II y III en el momento del diagnóstico, la cirugía fue el tratamiento de inicio de la mayoría (90,7 por ciento), siendo la mastectomía radical la intervención más frecuente (79,7 por ciento). El 70,4 por ciento de las 1.941 pacientes con ganglios axilares positivos y el 37,4 por ciento de las 1.806 sin afectación axilar recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante con o sin hormonoterapia. La mediana de supervivencia global de las 4.532 pacientes aún no se ha alcanzado. CONCLUSIONES: El proyecto "El Álamo" constituye una base de datos extensa sobre el cáncer de mama en España. La distribución por estadios en el momento del diagnóstico fue desfavorable respecto a la observada en otros países occidentales en el mismo período; sin embargo, los resultados terapéuticos por estadio son prácticamente similares (AU)
