ABSTRACT
Imidazolium salts reveal interesting biological properties, especially regarding antitumor and antimicrobial activities. Two series of imidazolium salts based on steroids were obtained in an efficient and convenient synthesis. They were biologically tested to evaluate their antibacterial and antifungal properties. The activities of new salts, especially in relation to Gram-positive bacterial strains are comparable to the activities of known antibiotics. The most promising activity was that against C. albicans, which exceeded the antifungal activity of commonly used drugs. Some of the new salts exhibited improved antifungal activities against phytopathogenic fungi: B. cinerea and C. beticola. Our research showed that new compounds could be potentially useful as antifungal antibiotics or inhibiting agents against pathogenic fungi.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Imidazoles/pharmacology , Steroids/pharmacology , Anti-Infective Agents/chemical synthesis , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic , Fungi/drug effects , Humans , Imidazoles/chemical synthesis , Imidazoles/chemistry , Mycoses/drug therapy , Salts/chemical synthesis , Salts/chemistry , Salts/pharmacology , Steroids/chemical synthesis , Steroids/chemistryABSTRACT
The study describes a novel diagnostic protocol based on a loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP) for identification of wheat grains infection by Tilletia laevis, Tilletia caries (common bunt) and Tilletia controversa (draft bunt). The presented data showed that the LAMP analysis is a simple, specific and rapid method that could be used for detection of Tilletia spp. in contaminated grain samples. The lowest DNA concentration required for the successful detection of Tilletia spp. strains were estimated to be 0.001â¯ng/µl. Simultaneously the detection limit for wheat grain contamination by T. caries and T. laevis teliospores was estimated at 20⯵g per 100â¯g of grain. For T. controversa detection limit was lower and was approximately 20â¯mg of teliospores per 100â¯g of grain. The negative results of the LAMP reactions were achieved for the most common fungal species colonizing wheat grain like Fusarium spp., Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., Helminthosporium sp., and Penicillium sp.
