ABSTRACT
Outdoor physical activity has become one of the main trends in Europe, specially the practice in informal places such as parks, streets or natural surrounds. The purpose of this study is to go in depth the knowledge of sports practice in urban green areas, their meanings and motivations in the environment of a medium-sized Spanish city.Considering the object of study nature, a case study design in the city of Zaragoza was chosen. This work shows a qualitative research, where three focus group with 28 participants were carried out.Results point to sports practice increase in urban green areas could be due to city expansion, green areas promotion, economic situation, sport and health links, sports culture evolution, and trends and fashions. (AU)
La actividad física al aire libre se ha convertido en una de las principales tendencias en Europa, especialmente la practicada en espacios informales tales como parques, calles o entornos naturales. Este estudio tiene como finalidad profundizar en el conocimiento de la práctica físico-deportiva en áreas verdes urbanas, sus significados y motivaciones, en el entorno de una ciudad española de tamaño medio. Dada la naturaleza del objeto de estudio, se optó por un diseño de estudio de caso en la ciudad de Zaragoza. En este trabajo se presenta una investigación de tipo cualitativo donde se realizaron tres focus group con 28 participantes. Los resultados indican que el aumento de la práctica físico-deportiva en espacios verdes urbanos podría deberse a la expansión de la ciudad, la promoción de zonas verdes, la situación económica, los vínculos entre deporte y salud, la evolución de la cultura deportiva, y las tendencias y modas. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Motor Activity , Green Areas , Urban Area , SpainABSTRACT
Although the pathogenesis of ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is based on complex mechanisms, free radicals play a central role. We evaluated membrane fluidity and lipid peroxidation during pancreas transplantation (PT) performed in 12 pigs (six donors and six recipients). Fluidity was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HDA) concentrations were used as an index of lipid oxidation. Pancreatic tissues were collected as follows: (A) donor, immediately before vascular clamping; (B) graft, following perfusion lavage with University of Wisconsin preservation fluid; (C) graft, after 16 h of cold ischemia; and (D) recipient, 30 min vascular postreperfusion. Fluidity and MDA and 4-HDA concentrations were similar in cases A, B, and C. However, there was significant membrane rigidity and increased lipid peroxidation after reperfusion (D). These findings suggest that reperfusion exaggerates oxidative damage and may account for the rigidity in the membranes of allografts during PT.
Subject(s)
Lipid Peroxidation , Membrane Fluidity , Pancreas Transplantation , Pancreas/metabolism , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Animals , Female , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Microscopy, Fluorescence/methods , Pancreas/pathology , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Swine , Transplantation, HomologousABSTRACT
Antioxidant defences are essential for cellular redox regulation. Since free-radical production may be enhanced by physical activity, herein, we evaluated the effect of acute exercise on total antioxidant status (TAS) and the plasma activities of catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase and its possible relation to oxidative stress resulting from exercise. Healthy untrained male subjects (n = 34) performed three cycloergometric tests, including maximal and submaximal episodes. Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after each different exercise. TAS and enzyme activities were assessed by spectrophotometry. An increase of the antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma was detected after both maximal and submaximal exercise periods. Moreover, under our experimental conditions, exercise also led to an augmentation of TAS levels. These findings are consistent with the idea that acute exercise may play a beneficial role because of its ability to increase antioxidant defense mechanisms through a redox sensitive pathway.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/metabolism , Exercise/physiology , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Oxidoreductases/blood , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Antioxidants/analysis , Exercise Test , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Optimal levels of membrane fluidity are essential for numerous cell functions including cell growth, solute transport and signal transduction. Since exercise enhances free radical production, our aim was to evaluate in healthy male subjects the effects of an acute bout of maximal and submaximal exercise on the erythrocyte membrane fluidity and its possible relation to the oxidative damage overproduction due to exercise. Subjects (n = 34) performed three cycloergometric tests: a continuous progressive exercise, a strenuous exercise until exhaustion and an acute bout of exercise at an intensity corresponding to 70% of maximal work capacity for 30 min. Venous blood samples were collected before and immediately after these exercises. Erythrocyte membrane fluidity was assessed by fluorescence spectroscopy. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HDA) concentrations and carbonyl content of plasmatic proteins were used as an index of lipid and protein oxidation, respectively. Exercise produced a dramatic drop in the erythrocyte membrane fluidity as compared to resting time, but this was not accompanied by significant changes in the plasmatic MDA and 4-HDA concentrations. The highest erythrocyte membrane rigidity was detected immediately after strenuous exercise until exhaustion was performed. Protein carbonyl levels were higher after exhaustive exercises than at rest. Continuous progressive and strenuous exercises until exhaustion, but not submaximal workload, resulted in a significant enhanced accumulation of carbonylated proteins in the plasma. These findings are consistent with the idea that exercise exaggerates oxidative damage, which may contribute, at least partially, to explain the rigidity in the membrane of the erythrocytes due to acute exercise.
Subject(s)
Erythrocyte Membrane/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Health Status Indicators , Membrane Fluidity/physiology , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Plasma/metabolism , Adult , Erythrocyte Membrane/metabolism , Humans , Male , Oxidation-Reduction , Physical Exertion/physiology , Protein Carbonylation , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Synaptosomes , Melatonin , Pineal Gland/physiology , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Free RadicalsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Animals , Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/physiopathology , Oxidative Stress , Membrane Fluidity/physiology , Disease Models, AnimalABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Lipid Peroxidation/physiology , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/physiopathology , Brain Neoplasms/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Although distal dissemination from breast cancer is commonly found in bones, lungs, liver and brain, others less common sites have been occasionally reported. A 60 year-old woman with long standing disseminated breast cancer disease was admitted to our hospital with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. At endoscopy, an abnormal area was seen in the lesser curvature of the stomach. Invasion of the gastric wall by metastases from carcinoma of the breast was diagnosed in the biopsy. No further treatment was warranted and the patient died soon thereafter. Gastric metastases are primarily located in the submucosa and muscular layers of the stomach. Lack of mucosal involvement suggests a blood-borne spread. Although our patient had no progesterone receptors in the primary breast tumor, previous studies have suggested that the presence of receptors may facilitate gastrointestinal spread. Gastric metastases from extraintestinal cancers may be asymptomatic, and are usually late events in the progression of the disease.