ABSTRACT
550,000 new cases of cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx and 160,000 of larynx are diagnosed each year worldwide. It is estimated that each year because of head and neck cancer 400,000 of patients will die. Head and neck neoplasms are the tumors which, because of their location, secretly develop and produce uncharacteristic symptoms identical to those that accompany the banal infections of the upper respiratory tract. Results of treatment of patients with head and neck cancer in Poland are highly unsatisfactory. This is due to significant advancement of tumor at the moment of diagnosis. Therefore, raising awareness and improving knowledge of health care workers on head and neck cancers by creating access to prevention research is a priority that will ensure improvement in treatment outcomes in this group of tumors in Poland and abroad.
Subject(s)
Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology , Health Education/organization & administration , Primary Prevention/methods , Head and Neck Neoplasms/prevention & control , Humans , National Health Programs/organization & administration , Poland/epidemiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Malignant laryngeal cancer is the most common tumor of the head and neck. Radical laryngectomy not only causes the changes in breathing routes and disability to retain the air in the chest during the physical effort, but it also deprives the patient of a possibility to communicate. In order to limit and avoid mutilating surgery i.e. total laryngectomy, precise evaluation of tumor dimensions and spread is indispensable for organ preservation techniques application. AIM: The authors have undertaken the task of estimating the role of paraglottic space in spread of larynx cancer. MATERIALS: The material of 180 patients operated on because of larynx cancer were analysed. 32% patients suffered from epiglottic carcinoma, 26% from glottic, 17% from transglottic carcinoma and 27% from multifocal carcinoma. Subglottic carcinomas was not identified. CONCLUSIONS: The paraglottic space was the most frequently penetrated by advanced tumors invading all three levels of the larynx, next by the transglottic tumors and by glottic localisations of cancer. The difficulties in diagnosing of this anatomical region have been stressed.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Glottis/pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Female , Glottis/surgery , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laryngectomy/methods , MaleABSTRACT
On the base of retrospective analysis of 12,888 cases of carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx, diagnosed in 19 ENT Departments in Poland from 1991 to 2001, the assessment of basic epidemiological data, including the localization of tumor and stage of local and clinical advancement of the disease at the time of diagnosis has been conducted. In analyzed period of 11 years the trends to change of the mentioned above parameters has been examined. The significant increase of female patients in this period was observed, with average proportion M:F = 8:1. The glottis localization of carcinoma dominated (47.6%), followed by supraglottis (40.8%) and pyriform fossa (7.8%), with significant increase of pyriform fossa tumors in the analyzed period of 11 years. In the majority of cases the carcinoma of larynx and hypopharynx was diagnosed in the advanced stage (T3 + T4) of local disease, with the highest percentage in localization within the pyriform fossa (81.0%), and the lowest percentage in glottis tumors (45.6%). The regional lymph nodes metastases has been diagnosed in 46.7% of the analyzed group, with the highest percentage in tumors localized in pyriform fossa (82.9%), and the lowest percentage in tumors of glottis localization (33.1%). In the 11 years time the significant drop down of N0 cases and tendency to increase of N2 and N3 in the supraglottis localization of tumor. The distant metastases in the analyzed group at the time of diagnosis has been registered in 2.0%, with the highest percentage in posterior pharyngeal wall (7.6%) and pyriform fossa (7.4%). The authors postulate the renewal of prospective study on epidemiology, clinical characteristics and treatment results of larynx and hypopharynx carcinoma in Poland.
Subject(s)
Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Laryngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphatic Metastasis , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Neoplasm Staging , Poland/epidemiology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
The method of choice in larynx cancer treatment is surgery. The radical surgical procedure must be based on the proper assessment of loco-regional tumor extenstion. The aim of the study was the estimation and comparison of immensity of larynx cancer during clinical, pathological and microscopic examination, as well as the defining of anatomical and functional conditions which impede laryngoscopy. 180 patients with larynx cancer treated surgically in the Department of Otolaryngology of the University School of Medical Sciences in Poznan and in the Otolaryngology Ward in Pila. In group of 123 patients total laryngectomy and in 57 patients partial laryngectomy was performed. To conduct the analysis of discrepancies between cT and pT as well as cT and mT assessment "big" and "small" immensity features were used. The big immensity was thought to be two-grade difference of locoregional advancement, the small one-one-grade. Discrepancies between cT, pT and mT were stated in transglottic tumors the most often and in multifocal-rarely. The biggest differences in cT, pT and mT assessment occurred in supraglottic tumor localisation. The high correlation between pT and mT local tumor extension assessment was observed.
