[Prevalence, clinical and morphological features of tooth root caries in the adult human]. / Rasprostranennost' i kliniko-morfologicheskie osobennosti kariesa kornia zuba u vzroslogo cheloveka.

The incidence of tooth root caries, the morphology of hard dental tissues and the clinical course of the pathology were studied in 4701 (2526 men and 2175 women) residents of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region aged 18 to 88 years, which were divided into age groups according to age periodization of Institute of Age Physiology RAS. The highest prevalence of tooth root caries was revealed in the older age groups making 9.88% in elderly age and 7.4% in old age. In young, 1st and 2nd mature age the tooth root caries was diagnosed relatively rare (in 0.26, 1.35 and 5.02% of cases, respectively). Morphological changes in the tooth root cement that predispose to the development of a carious process were determined. In the first adulthood the caries of the tooth root occurred against the background of gum recession in chronic generalized periodontitis especially diabetes patients. In people of the 2nd mature age, elderly and old age the caries of the tooth root was associated with poor oral hygiene, gingival recession due to periodontal disease, as well as in teeth supporting fixed or removable dentures.

[Characteristics of dental hard tissues in chronic kidney disease: morphology, chemical composition, possibilities of remineralizing therapy]. / Kharakteristika tverdykh tkanei zubov pri khronicheskoi bolezni pochek: morfologiia, khimicheskii sostav, vozmozhnosti remineralizuiushchei terapii.

The aim of the work was an assessment of the morphological structure and chemical composition of dental hard tissues in persons suffering from chronic kidney disease and the effectiveness of remineralizing therapy in them. The study of the morphological structure and chemical composition of dental hard tissues in individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease and the effectiveness of 6 weeks of remineralizing therapy in the course of individual oral hygiene in combination with the intake of vitamin-mineral complex was conducted by means of ABT-55 electron microscope (Japan) combined with a LinkAN-10 000/S85 microprobe (United Kingdom) in comparison with persons without somatic pathology. It has been established that in people suffering from chronic kidney disease dental hard tissues morphological features were determined by their pathological changes due to carious process or non-carious lesions. In chronic kidney disease a significant decrease in the level of mineralization in both enamel and dentin was found, which was most pronounced in patients with chronic renal failure and did not depend on whether they received hemodialysis. The use of remineralizing therapy in people with chronic kidney disease within the framework of individual oral hygiene combined with a vitamin-mineral complex intake for 6 weeks significantly contributed to an increase in the Ca/P ratio in tooth enamel and may be seen as a useful tool for prevention of dental hard tissues pathology in the patient's group.

[Teeth wedge-shaped defects in adults of different age groups: remark to prevention and treatment]. / Klinovidnye defekty zubov u vzroslykh liudei raznykh vozrastnykh grupp: remarki k profilaktike i lecheniiu.

The aim of the study was to assess the treatment of teeth wedge defects in different age groups. Records of 383 patients (125 males and 258 females aged 22-85 years) treated in outpatient dental facilities with different ownership forms. It is shown that the medical care of patients with wedge-shaped teeth defects routinely consists of remineralization therapy and restoration of anatomical teeth shape regardless of the form of ownership. The extensiveness of dental rehabilitation as well as the use of more modern technologies are typical for private clinics and 96-100% of patients finished their treatment there. In the state and departmental institutions complete rehabilitation of wedge-shaped defects was provided in 45.5-58.0% and 54.3-83.9, respectively. The paper also highlights the drawbacks of primary medical documentation identified in medical institutions of all forms of ownership.

[Age and gender changes of apatites from human hard tooth tissues].

Apatites of hard tissues of teeth of persons of different sex and age were studied in detail. It is shown that the crystal structure of apatites depends on changes in the composition of the enamel that happen during a person's life. Limits of the variations of the crystal lattice parameters of the enamel apatites connected with the complicate processes of de- and remineralization have been determined. On the basis of the identified correlations between chemical composition, crystal lattice parameters and age of patients, the complicated interrelated isomorphic replacements occurring in the crystal structure of apatites of hard tooth tissues during aging were analysed.

[Morphological structure, chemical and mineral composition of hard tooth tissues in age-related aspect].

The article presents the results of research on the structure, chemical and mineral composition of hard tooth tissues of persons of different age groups. The obtained data enable to estimate the resistance of tooth tissues to unfavorable factors of the oral cavity, which should be considered when planning treatment and prevention in patients with diseases of hard tissues of teeth caries and non-carious origin depending on their age.