ABSTRACT
We investigated the effects of obesity on metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress parameters in the adipose tissue of patients with fatal COVID-19. Postmortem biopsies of subcutaneous adipose tissue were obtained from 25 unvaccinated inpatients who passed from COVID-19, stratified as nonobese (N-OB; body mass index [BMI], 26.5 ± 2.3 kg m-2) or obese (OB BMI 34.2 ± 5.1 kg m-2). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that body composition was responsible for most of the variations detected in the metabolome, with greater dispersion observed in the OB group. Fifteen metabolites were major segregation factors. Results from the OB group showed higher levels of creatinine, myo-inositol, O-acetylcholine, and succinate, and lower levels of sarcosine. The N-OB group showed lower levels of glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as higher content of IL-6 and adiponectin. We revealed significant changes in the metabolomic profile of the adipose tissue in fatal COVID-19 cases, with high adiposity playing a key role in these observed variations. These findings highlight the potential involvement of metabolic and inflammatory pathways, possibly dependent on hypoxia, shedding light on the impact of obesity on disease pathogenesis and suggesting avenues for further research and possible therapeutic targets.
Subject(s)
Autopsy , COVID-19 , Metabolome , Obesity , Humans , COVID-19/metabolism , COVID-19/mortality , COVID-19/pathology , COVID-19/virology , Obesity/metabolism , Obesity/pathology , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Aged , SARS-CoV-2/metabolism , Adipose Tissue/metabolism , Adipose Tissue/pathology , Metabolomics/methods , Body Mass Index , Adult , Oxidative Stress , Interleukin-6/metabolismABSTRACT
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, common brain cancer known to disrupt redox biology, affecting behavior and DNA integrity. Past research remains inconclusive. To further understand this, an investigation was conducted on physical training's effects on behavior, redox balance, and genomic stability in GBMA models. Forty-seven male C57BL/6J mice, 60 days old, were divided into GBM and sham groups (n = 15, n = 10, respectively), which were further subdivided into trained (Str, Gtr; n = 10, n = 12) and untrained (Sut, Gut; n = 10, n = 15) subsets. The trained mice performed moderate aerobic exercises on a treadmill five to six times a week for a month while untrained mice remained in their enclosures. Behavior was evaluated using open-field and rotarod tests. Post training, the mice were euthanized and brain, liver, bone marrow, and blood samples were analyzed for redox and genomic instability markers. The results indicated increased latency values in the trained GBM (Gtr) group, suggesting a beneficial impact of exercise. Elevated reactive oxygen species in the parietal tissue of untrained GBM mice (Gut) were reduced post training. Moreover, Gtr mice exhibited lower tail intensity, indicating less genomic instability. Thus, exercise could serve as a promising supplemental GBM treatment, modulating redox parameters and reducing genomic instability.
ABSTRACT
A sífilis é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível com manifestações sistêmicas, curável e de ocorrência exclusiva do ser humano. O estudo teve como objetivo traçar o perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita no município de Pato Branco, Estado do Paraná. Estudo retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa. Foram analisados dados disponíveis no Datasus, referentes aos anos de 2014 a 2018. No período pesquisado, houve 56 notificações de sífilis congênita predominando na raça branca declarada, cuja idade foi 0 até 6 dias de vida. O acompanhamento de pré-natal, e a descoberta da sífilis materna neste período ocorreu na maioria dos casos. Evidenciou-se um crescimento expressivo de casos de sífilis congênita no município, que podem estar relacionados a possíveis falhas no tratamento e acompanhamento do pré-natal, além da dificuldade de tratamento da parceria sexual da gestante. (AU)
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection with systemic manifestations; it is curable and of exclusive occurrence in the human being. The objective of this study was to outline the epidemiological profile of congenital syphilis in the municipality of Pato Branco, state of Paraná. This is a retrospective study of quantitative approach. Datasus data were analyzed, referring to the years from 2014 to 2018. In the studied period, there were 56 notifications of congenital syphilis, predominantly in the declared white race, with age ranging from 0 to 6 days of life. There was prenatal follow-up, and maternal syphilis in this period was found in most cases. There was a significant increase in cases of congenital syphilis in the city, which may be related to possible failures in the treatment and monitoring of prenatal care, in addition to the difficulty of treating the sexual partner of the pregnant woman. (AU)
