A simple method for the determination of sex from the pulp of freshly extracted human teeth utilizing the polymerase chain reaction.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been used to amplify a region of the ZFX and ZFY genes from DNA in human blood and other tissues, for determination of the sex of an individual. In the present study DNA was extracted from the pulp of 21 male and 24 female fresh human third molar teeth. A region of the ZFX and ZFY genes was amplified by PCR and analysed by digestion of the amplified DNA with HaeIII restriction endonuclease. The digested PCR products were run on a 2 per cent agarose gel. Males were distinguished from females by having a fragment of 317 base pairs which was absent in females. Identification of the sex of the individual was 100 per cent accurate in each case. A blind study of random samples of the same teeth, used to assess the reproducibility of the technique evoked an identical result. This method provides an accurate alternative to skeletal measurements and histological staining techniques for the sexing of individuals from small amounts of DNA.

Platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin in diabetes mellitus.

Platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin was studied in 30 diabetic patients with type-II (insulin-independent) diabetes mellitus; 12 with and 18 without clinical evidence of vascular disease and in 10 healthy, normal volunteers. Platelets from diabetics, with and without peripheral vascular disease were significantly less sensitive to the antiaggregatory effects of prostacyclin as compared to platelets from normal, healthy volunteers (p less than 0.001). The findings of a decreased platelet sensitivity to prostacyclin in diabetics without vascular disease, suggests that this abnormality is a feature of diabetes mellitus, rather than a feature of established vascular disease. It may therefore be one of the factors responsible for the increased platelet aggregation that has been observed in diabetes mellitus.