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Acta Med Port ; 29(5): 343-7, 2016 May.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27649020

ABSTRACT

The authors present a case of a 60-year-old male patient, previously diagnosed with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, who was admitted to the Emergency Room with dyspnea. The initial evaluation revealed severe anemia (Hgb = 5.0 g/dL) with hyperleukocytosis (800.000/µL), nearly all of the cells being mature lymphocytes, a normal chest X-ray and a low arterial oxygen saturation (89%; pulse oximetry). After red blood cell transfusion, Hgb values rose (9.0 g/dL) and there was a complete reversion of the dyspnea. Yet, subsequent arterial blood gas analysis, without the administration of supplemental oxygen, systematically revealed very low oxygen saturation values (~ 46%), which was inconsistent with the patientâs clinical state and his pulse oximetry values (~ 87%), and these values were not corrected by the administration of oxygen via non-rebreather mask. The investigation performed allowed to establish the diagnosis of oxygen leukocyte larceny, a phenomenon which conceals the true oxygen saturation due to peripheral consumption by leukocytes.


Os autores apresentam um caso clínico de um homem de 60 anos, com diagnóstico de leucemia linfocítica crónica-B, observado no Serviço de Urgência por dispneia de esforço. Na avaliação inicial, destacava-se uma anemia grave (Hgb = 5,0 g/dL) e hiperleucocitose (800 000/µL), correspondendo na sua quase totalidade a linfócitos maduros, uma radiografia do tórax normal e uma saturação de oxigénio baixa (89%). Após transfusão de glóbulos rubros registou-se uma elevação do valor de Hgb (9,0 g/dL) e uma reversão completa do quadro de dispneia. Porém, as gasimetrias subsequentes de reavaliação, em ar ambiente, revelaram sistematicamente valores de saturação de oxigénio muito baixos (~ 46%), discrepantes com o estado clínico do doente e com a oximetria de pulso (~ 87%), e não sofreram qualquer alteração com administração de concentrações de oxigénio por máscara. A investigação efetuada permitiu estabelecer o diagnóstico de sequestro leucocitário de oxigénio, fenómeno que mascara a verdadeira saturação de oxigénio por consumo periférico pelos leucócitos.


Subject(s)
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism , Leukocytes/metabolism , Leukocytosis/metabolism , Oxygen Consumption , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications , Leukocytosis/etiology , Male , Middle Aged
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