Resveratrol-nitric oxide donor hybrid effect on priapism in sickle cell and nitric oxide-deficient mouse.

BACKGROUND: Children and adult with sickle cell disease (SCD) display priapism associated with low nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and oxidative stress in penis. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hybrid compound RVT-FxMe, derived from resveratrol bearing a NO-donor subunit, on two murine model that display priapism phenotype, SCD transgenic mice and endothelial NO synthase gene-deficient (eNOS-/-) mice. METHODS: Wild-type, SCD, and eNOS-/- mice were treated with RVT-FxMe (25 mg/kg/d, 2 weeks). OUTCOMES: Hematological parameters, concentration-response curves to acetylcholine (ACh) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), as well as to electrical field stimulation (EFS), were obtained in mice corpus cavernosum strips. RESULTS: Corpus cavernosum relaxations to SNP and EFS were increased in eNOS-/- group, which were normalized by RVT-FxMe treatment. SCD mice exhibited an excessive CC relaxant response induced by ACh, EFS and SNP RVT-FxMe treatment did not change the increased relaxant responses to ACh, EFS and SNP in corpus cavernosum from SCD group. CLINICAL TRANSLATION: Excess of plasma hemoglobin in SCD may interfere in pharmacological activity of NO donors compounds. STRENGTH/LIMITATIONS: While mechanistic data with promising potential is showed, the current study is not without limitations. RVT-FxMe effects in the mid- and long-term warrant complementary studies. CONCLUSION: Treatment with RVT-FxMe reversed the enhanced NO-cGMP-mediated CC relaxations in eNOS-/- mice, but not in SCD mice; it is likely that excess of plasma hemoglobin in SCD mice act to inactivate NO before it reaches soluble guanylyl cyclase, avoiding restoration of NO bioavailability in penis.

Acute effect of speed test on the skin temperature of elite soccer players / Efeito agudo do teste de velocidade sobre a temperatura da pele de jogadoras de futebol de elite / Efecto agudo del test de velocidad sobre la temperatura de la piel de jugadoras de fútbol de élite

ABSTRACT Introduction Infrared thermography has been used in several areas, mainly in sports training, and specifically in soccer. Objectives The objectives of the study were to verify the acute effect of a displacement speed test on the skin temperature of elite female soccer players, to observe pre- and post-test thermal asymmetries, and to compare responses in the anterior and posterior regions of lower limbs. Methods Cross-sectional study that evaluated 17 soccer players of the 2018 Brazilian Championship. They were submitted to thermography before and 10 minutes after performing the displacement speed test. Thermographic images were collected using a FLIR® model 8 thermal imager and changes in skin temperature in the anterior and posterior regions of the lower limbs were analyzed, according to the areas of interest. Descriptive statistics were performed and mean and standard deviation of the temperatures of the areas of interest were analyzed. The normality of the data was verified, and then the Student's t test for normal paired and independent samples and the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal samples were conducted, with p <0.05 being adopted for significance level. Results It was possible to observe that after the test there was an increase in skin temperature in all the regions analyzed, both on the dominant and non-dominant sides (p <0.05). Regarding the analysis of the anterior region, it was possible to observe a higher temperature (p <0.05) in the region of the tibial muscles than in the region of the quadriceps muscles. Conclusion It is concluded that thermography helps to understand the thermal responses of lower limbs after applying the displacement speed test. The study shows that thermographic evaluation can guide the organization of the training session when motor tests have previously been applied, and in the detection of abnormal overloads, helping to prevent injuries. Level of evidence IV; Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment results.

RESUMO Introdução A termografia infravermelha tem sido empregada em diversas áreas, principalmente no treinamento esportivo e especificamente no futebol. Objetivos Os objetivos do estudo foram verificar o efeito agudo da aplicação de um teste de velocidade de deslocamento sobre a temperatura da pele de atletas de futebol feminino de elite, as assimetrias térmicas pré e pós-teste e comparar respostas nas regiões anterior e posterior de membros inferiores. Métodos Estudo de caráter transversal, que avaliou 17 jogadoras de futebol do Campeonato Brasileiro em 2018. Elas foram submetidas à termografia antes e 10 minutos depois da realização do teste de velocidade de deslocamento. Foram coletadas imagens termográficas por meio de um termovisor FLIR®, modelo E8, e analisadas as alterações da temperatura da pele, na região anterior e posterior dos membros inferiores, de acordo com as áreas de interesse. Foi realizada a estatística descritiva e para análise, foram usados média e desvio padrão da temperatura das áreas pretendidas. Verificou-se normalidade dos dados e, em seguida, o teste t de Student para amostras normais pareadas e independentes e o teste de Mann-Whitney, para amostras não normais, adotando-se p < 0,05 para nível de significância. Resultados Foi possível observar que depois do teste houve aumento da temperatura da pele em todas as regiões analisadas, tanto no lado dominante quanto no não dominante (p < 0,05). Com relação à análise da região anterior, foi possível observar maior temperatura (p < 0,05) na região dos músculos tibiais quando comparados com os músculos da região do quadríceps. Conclusão Conclui-se que a termografia auxilia o entendimento das respostas térmicas de membros inferiores depois da aplicação do teste de velocidade de deslocamento. O estudo demonstra que a avaliação termográfica pode orientar a organização da sessão de treinamento quando há aplicação prévia de testes motores e na detecção de sobrecargas anormais, auxiliando na prevenção de lesões. Nível de evidência IV; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción La termografía infrarroja ha sido empleada en diversas áreas, principalmente en el entrenamiento deportivo y específicamente en el fútbol. Objetivos Los objetivos del estudio fueron verificar el efecto agudo de la aplicación de un test de velocidad de desplazamiento sobre la temperatura de la piel de atletas de fútbol femenino de élite, las asimetrías térmicas pre y post test y comparar respuestas en las regiones anterior y posterior de miembros inferiores. Métodos Estudio de carácter transversal, que evaluó a 17 jugadoras de fútbol del Campeonato Brasileño en 2018. Ellas fueron sometidas a termografía antes y 10 minutos después de la realización del test de velocidad de desplazamiento. Fueron colectadas imágenes termográficas por medio de un termovisor FLIR® - E8, modelo E8, y analizadas las alteraciones de la temperatura de la piel, en la región anterior y posterior de los miembros inferiores, de acuerdo con las áreas de interés. Fue realizada la estadística descriptiva y para el análisis, fueron usados promedio y desviación estándar de la temperatura de las áreas pretendidas. Se verificó normalidad de los datos y, a continuación, el test t de Student para muestras normales pareadas e independientes, y el test de Mann-Whitney, para muestras no normales, adoptándose p < 0,05 para nivel de significancia. Resultados Fue posible observar que después del test hubo aumento de la temperatura de la piel en todas las regiones analizadas, tanto en el lado dominante como en el no dominante (p <0,05). Con relación al análisis de la región anterior, fue posible observar mayor temperatura (p <0,05) en la región de los músculos tibiales cuando comparados con los músculos de la región del cuádriceps. Conclusión Se concluye que la termografía ayuda en el entendimiento de las respuestas térmicas de miembros inferiores, después de la aplicación del test de velocidad de desplazamiento. El estudio demuestra que la evaluación termográfica puede orientar la organización de la sesión de entrenamiento cuando hay aplicación previa de tests motores y en la detección de sobrecargas anormales, ayudando en la prevención de lesiones. Nivel de evidencia IV; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Short-term effects of combined training on the performance of the Brazilian women's basketball team / Efeitos de curto prazo do treinamento combinado da seleção brasileira de basquetebol feminino

Abstract Competitions are considered of paramount importance for high-performancesports because they determine the entire orientation of the training process. When analyzing the calendar of the International Basketball Federation, it can be observed that international competitions occur in short periods of time. In this sense, the aim of this study was to verify the effects of the application of combined training in the short-term preparation period on the speed of athletes of the Brazilian women's basketball team. Thirteen athletes participated in this study, who took part of the preparation for the 2015 Pan American Games. Athletes were submitted to anthropometric measures and biomotor capacity evaluation at cyclic speed -20m run, and acyclic speed - T test at the beginning (M0) and end of a 27 - day preparation period (M1). Considering the period available for training, the total duration percentage was:technical / tactical 73.7%, strength and conditioning: 5.7%, preventive: 10.5% and general and special warm up: 10.1%. After data collection, the Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify normality and then, the Student's T test was also applied. The main results indicate that the best time to evaluate cyclic speed (M0 and M1, respectively) was 3.34 ± 0.22s and 3.39 ± 0.21s and acyclic speed (M0 and M1, respectively), 9.30 ± 0.49s and 9.52 ± 0.57s.The results of the current study suggest that short-term intervention was not efficient to improve the cyclic and acyclic speed of female basketball athletes.

Resumo As competições são consideradas o elemento central para o desporto de rendimento, pois determinam toda a orientação do processo de treinamento. Ao observar o calendário da Federação Internacional de Basquetebol, percebe-se que as competições internacionais acontecem em curtos períodosde tempo. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar os efeitos da aplicação do treinamento combinado na preparação de curto prazo, sobre a capacidade biomotora velocidade, em atletas adultas da seleção brasileira de basquetebol feminino. Participaram deste estudo 13 atletas da seleção brasileirade basquetebol feminino da categoria adulta, que fizeram parte da preparação para a disputa dos Jogos Pan Americanos em 2015. As atletas foram submetidas a medidas antropométricas e avaliação da capacidade biomotora velocidade cíclica - corrida de 20m, e acíclica - teste T, no início (M0) e ao final de um período de preparação de 27 dias (M1). Considerando o período disponível para treinamento o % da duração total foi de: técnico/tático 73,7%, físico: 5,7%, preventivo: 10,5% e aquecimento geral e especial: 10,1%. Após a coleta dos dados utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para verificar a normalidade e, a seguir, o teste T de Student. Os principais resultados apontam que o melhor tempo para avaliar a velocidade cíclica (M0 e M1, respectivamente), foi de 3,34±0,22s e 3,39±0,21s e, na acíclica (M0 e M1, respectivamente), foi de 9,30±0,49s e 9,52±0,57s. Conclui-se que durante um curto período de intervenção, com grande concentração de estímulos, não foi eficiente para melhorar a capacidade biomotora velocidade cíclica e acíclica.

Spatial and temporal epidemiology of Mycobacterium leprae infection among leprosy patients and household contacts of an endemic region in Southeast Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease that remains a public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Household contacts of leprosy patients (HHCs) have increased risk of developing disease and are important links in the chain of transmission of Mycobacterium leprae. Based on epidemiological and operational factors, the global elimination strategy depends on the geographic stratification of endemic areas to intensify control activities. The purpose of the study was to integrate epidemiological indicators and serology into the spatial and temporal analysis of M. leprae infection, in order to understanding of the dynamics of transmission, essential information for the control of leprosy. METHODOLOGY: Using location-based technologies and epidemiological data obtained from leprosy cases (N=371) and HHCs (N=53), during a 11year period (2004-2014), we explored the spatial and temporal distribution of diagnosed cases: stratified according their disease manifestation; and of subclinical infection among HHCs: determined by serology (anti-PGL-I ELISA and anti-NDO-LID rapid lateral-flow test); in order to assess the distribution pattern of the disease and the areas of greatest risk of illness, in a highly endemic municipality (Ituiutaba, MG) in the southeast region of Brazil. RESULTS: Seropositivity among HHCs was: 17% (9/53) for anti-PGL-I ELISA; and 42% for the NDO-LID rapid lateral-flow test. Forty-nine percent of the contacts were seropositive to at least one of the immunological tests. DISCUSSION: We observed substantial spatial heterogeneity of cases throughout the urban perimeter. Even so, four main clusters of patients and three main clusters of subclinical infection were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Spatio-temporal epidemiology associated to serological assessment can identify high-risk areas imbedded within the overall epidemic municipality, to prioritize active search of new cases as well support prevention strategies in these locations of greater disease burden and transmission. Such techniques should become increasingly useful and important in future action planning of health interventions, as decisions must be made to effectively allocate limited resources.

[Secular trend of growth in stature in Florianópolis in the state of Santa Catarina (Brazil) in relation with the human development index (HDI)]. / Tendência secular de crescimento em estatura no município de Florianópolis (SC), Brasil, e sua associação com o índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH).

The article seks to evaluate the secular trend of growth in stature of recruits in the 63rd Infantry Battalion in Florianópolis and correlate the information with the human development index (HDI). It involves a transversal and retrospective study of recruits aged between 18 and 20 who joined the 63rd IB in Florianópolis from 1963 to 2007. The sample comprised 600 individuals out of a total of 3000 recruits enlisted over the period. In each decade, three years were selected and within these years the first 40 files were systematically selected for analysis. It was seen that there was an increase in the order of 7 cm in height of recruits in Florianopolis over the past 47 years. This increase was more marked between the decades of 1990 and 2000, with the municipality of Blumenau having the highest average. The average heights study over the decades showed a strong positive correlation with the HDI of Florianopolis during the same period. When comparing the heights of the capital of Santa Catarina and previous studies in Blumenau, it was found that both cities have achieved the same increase of 1.4 cm/decade in the period between the 1960 and 2000. There was a positive secular trend in growth in Florianopolis, with a strong correlation with HDI values of the city between 1960 and 2000.

Tendencia secular de crescimento em estatura no municipio de Florianopolis (SC), Brasil, e sua associacao com o indice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH) / Secular trend of growth in stature in Florianopolis in the state of Santa Catarina (Brazil) in relation with the human development index (HDI)

O objetivo deste artigo é avaliar a tendência secular de crescimento (TSC) em estatura dos recrutas do 63º Batalhão de Infantaria (BI) de Florianópolis (SC) e correlacioná-la com o índice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH). Estudo transversal e retrospectivo de recrutas com 18 a 20 anos que foram incorporados ao 63º BI de Florianópolis por alistamento militar no período de 1963 a 2007. A amostra foi constituída por 600 inscritos de um total de 3000 recrutas incorporados no período mencionado. De cada década, selecionou-se três anos e destes anos foram selecionadas sistematicamente as primeiras 40 fichas para análise. Constatou-se que em Florianópolis ocorreu acréscimo de 7 cm na estatura dos recrutas nos últimos 47 anos, sendo este incremento mais evidente entre as décadas de 1990 e 2000. As estaturas médias das décadas mostraram correlação forte e positiva com o IDH de Florianópolis. No comparativo das estaturas da capital catarinense e estudos anteriores realizados em Blumenau, encontrou-se para ambas as cidades o mesmo acréscimo de 1,4 cm/década no período entre as décadas de 1960 e 2000. Encontrou-se TSC positiva para Florianópolis, havendo forte correlação com os valores de IDH da cidade entre as décadas de 1960 e 2000. .

The article seks to evaluate the secular trend of growth in stature of recruits in the 63rd Infantry Battalion in Florianópolis and correlate the information with the human development index (HDI). It involves a transversal and retrospective study of recruits aged between 18 and 20 who joined the 63rd IB in Florianópolis from 1963 to 2007. The sample comprised 600 individuals out of a total of 3000 recruits enlisted over the period. In each decade, three years were selected and within these years the first 40 files were systematically selected for analysis. It was seen that there was an increase in the order of 7 cm in height of recruits in Florianopolis over the past 47 years. This increase was more marked between the decades of 1990 and 2000, with the municipality of Blumenau having the highest average. The average heights study over the decades showed a strong positive correlation with the HDI of Florianopolis during the same period. When comparing the heights of the capital of Santa Catarina and previous studies in Blumenau, it was found that both cities have achieved the same increase of 1.4 cm/decade in the period between the 1960 and 2000. There was a positive secular trend in growth in Florianopolis, with a strong correlation with HDI values of the city between 1960 and 2000. .

Hemotórax espontâneo em paciente hemofílico / Spontaneous hemothorax hemophiliac patient

Objetivo: Relatar um caso de hemotórax espontâneoem paciente hemofílico. Relato de caso: Paciente de 35anos, sexo masculino, admitido no Hospital Regionalde São José por história há 3 dias de dor torácica deinício súbito e evolução progressiva, associada a dispnéia.Diagnóstico de Hemofilia A desde os 2 anos e usoeventual de Fator VIII. À admissão, encontrava-se emregular estado geral, hipocorado, hipotenso, taquicárdico;hematócrito de 16,2% e hemoglobina de 5,5%;radiografia de tórax com derrame pleural ocupando2/3 do hemitórax direito. Tomografia Computadorizada(TC) de tórax: lesão expansiva em mediastino posterior(9,6x4,6x3,9cm). Características líquido pleural: hematócritode 36,5%, hemoglobina 10,6%. Iniciada reposiçãode fator VIII no intervalo de 12 em 12 horas.Durante internação, submetido a TC tórax seriadas. TCtórax 15/05/12: redução derrame pleural, assim comoimagem de coleção hemática para-esofagiana. Consideraçõesfinais: A hemofilia é uma doença ocasionadapela deficiência de um fator dependente da cascata decoagulação, sendo a hemorragia a complicação maisfrequente. Por sua vez, os sangramentos podem ser secundáriosa trauma ou espontâneos. No entanto, hemotóraxespontâneo em paciente hemofílico é um eventoraro e pouco descrito na literatura, havendo apenas 18casos descritos confome revisão bibliográfica.

Objective: To report a case of spontaneoushemothorax in hemophilia patients. Case report:Patient 35 years old, male, admitted to the HospitalRegional de São José history for 3 days of chest pain ofsudden onset and progressive disease, associated withdyspnea. Diagnosis of hemophilia A from 2 years andeventual use of Factor VIII. On admission, the patientwas in good general condition, pallor, hypotension,tachycardia, hematocrit and hemoglobin of 16.2% from5.5%; chest radiograph with pleural effusion occupyingtwo thirds of the right hemithorax. CT chest: masslesion in the posterior mediastinum (9,6 x4, 6x3, 9 cm).Features pleural fluid hematocrit 36.5%, hemoglobin10.6%. Initiated factor VIII replacement within 12 to 12hours. During hospitalization, underwent serial chestCT. 15/05/12 CT chest: reducing pleural effusion, andimage collection for hematic-esophageal. Final Thoughts:Hemophilia is a disease caused by the deficiency of afactor-dependent coagulation cascade, and hemorrhageis the most frequent complication. In turn, the bleedingsmay be secondary to trauma, or spontaneous. However,spontaneous hemothorax in pacinete hemophilia is arare and poorly described in the literature, with only 18cases described confome literature review.