ABSTRACT
Non-Abelian topological order is a coveted state of matter with remarkable properties, including quasiparticles that can remember the sequence in which they are exchanged1-4. These anyonic excitations are promising building blocks of fault-tolerant quantum computers5,6. However, despite extensive efforts, non-Abelian topological order and its excitations have remained elusive, unlike the simpler quasiparticles or defects in Abelian topological order. Here we present the realization of non-Abelian topological order in the wavefunction prepared in a quantum processor and demonstrate control of its anyons. Using an adaptive circuit on Quantinuum's H2 trapped-ion quantum processor, we create the ground-state wavefunction of D4 topological order on a kagome lattice of 27 qubits, with fidelity per site exceeding 98.4 per cent. By creating and moving anyons along Borromean rings in spacetime, anyon interferometry detects an intrinsically non-Abelian braiding process. Furthermore, tunnelling non-Abelions around a torus creates all 22 ground states, as well as an excited state with a single anyon-a peculiar feature of non-Abelian topological order. This work illustrates the counterintuitive nature of non-Abelions and enables their study in quantum devices.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: As more restrictions on tobacco marketing communication are implemented, tobacco marketing has persisted through smoking in films. Our aims were to assess changes in tobacco imagery exposure in Spanish top-grossing films before and after the banning of tobacco advertising in Spain, and to determine whether the depiction of smoking characters has changed over the years. METHODS: A repeated cross-sectional study measured the tobacco content in the 10 Spanish top-grossing films in 2005, 2010 and 2015 (n=30) before and after a complete tobacco advertising ban. We conducted a descriptive and regression analysis of changes in tobacco impressions by year. RESULTS: The 30 films contained 1378 tobacco occurrences (90.2% positive for tobacco) with a median length of eight seconds onscreen. Total tobacco occurrences deemed positive for tobacco interests significantly increased in 2010 and 2015 compared to 2005. However, we observed decreased odds of tobacco brands appearances (OR=0.25; p<0.001) in 2010 and of implied tobacco use (OR=0.44; p=0.002), and tobacco brands appearances (OR=0.36; p<0.001) in 2015 compared to 2005. There was a change of pattern in the type of role smokers played from a leading role to a supporting one (p<0.001). The population reach of positive for tobacco occurrence in Spanish top-grossing films decreased from 15.9 (95% CI: 15.86-15.86) per 1000 spectators in 2005 to 0.8 (95% CI: 0.82-0.82) in 2015. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of a ban on complete tobacco product advertising was followed by a decrease in tobacco incidents across top-grossing Spanish films. Yet, exposure to smoking in films is still unacceptably high.
ABSTRACT
Se señalan las características del CARDIOCID, un sistema de análisis automatizado del electrocardiograma desarrollado en Cuba, del cual existen 2 versiones CARDIOCID-I y CARDIOCID-M. La primera consiste en un electrocardiografo acoplado a una microcomputadora mediante un conversor analógico-digital. El CARDIOCID-M es una versión móvil, autónoma, que utiliza el mismo conjunto de programas que el CARDIOCID-I. Se presentan los resultados preliminares de la evaluación del sistema para lo cual se registraron 412 electrocardiogramas. De 144 trazados normales el CARDIOCID identificó el 94 % y entre 545 anormalidades presentes en los restantes electrocardiogramas, el sistema detectó el 94,6 %. No identificó como normal ninguno de los registros anormales. La sensibilidad y el valor predictivo positivo del sistema fueron superiores al 80 % para la mayor parte de los criterios de diagnóstico representados en la muestra y la especificidad y el valor predictivo negativo estuvieron muy cercanos al 100 % en todos
