ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Chronic critical illness after trauma injury has not been fully evaluated, and there is little evidence in this regard. We aim to describe the prevalence and risk factors of chronic critical illness (CCI) in trauma patients admitted to the intensive care unit. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective observational multicenter study (Spanish Registry of Trauma in ICU (RETRAUCI)). Period March 2015 to December 2019. Trauma patients admitted to the ICU, who survived the first 48 h, were included. Chronic critical illness (CCI) was considered as the need for mechanical ventilation for a period greater than 14 days and/or placement of a tracheostomy. The main outcomes measures were prevalence and risk factors of CCI after trauma. RESULTS: 1290/9213 (14%) patients developed CCI. These patients were older (51.2 ± 19.4 vs 49 ± 18.9); p < .01) and predominantly male (79.9%). They presented a higher proportion of infectious complications (81.3% vs 12.7%; p < .01) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (27.02% vs 5.19%; p < .01). CCI patients required longer stays in the ICU and had higher ICU and overall in-hospital mortality. Age, injury severity score, head injury, infectious complications, and development of MODS were independent predictors of CCI. CONCLUSION: CCI in trauma is a prevalent entity in our series. Early identification could facilitate specific interventions to change the trajectory of this process.
Subject(s)
Critical Illness , Multiple Trauma , Chronic Disease , Critical Illness/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Length of Stay , Male , Multiple Organ Failure/epidemiology , Multiple Organ Failure/etiology , Multiple Trauma/complications , Multiple Trauma/epidemiology , Registries , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Preload parameters in postresuscitation phase are not sufficiently sensitive to guide fluid therapy in critically ill patients. We analyzed modifications in the fluid therapy and vasoactive drugs of critically ill patients that were produced by inclusion of extravascular lung water (EVLW) data in the treatment protocol and evaluated the short-term response. METHODS: This observational and prospective study included consecutive patients with hypotension or hypoxemia, comparing the therapeutic plan for fluid and vasoactive drug treatment between before and after knowing the EVLW value. RESULTS: We studied 42 patients. After knowing the EVLW, 52.4% (n = 22) of initial therapeutic plans were changed, modifying fluid therapy in all of these cases and vasoactive therapy in 22% of them. EVLW value was 13.91 +/- 5.62 in patients with change of therapeutic plan versus 10 +/- 4.52 in those with no change (p < 0.05). No differences were found in preload parameters as a function of change/no change. The most frequent decision change (n = 13) was to fluid reduction plus diuretic administration, and patients with this modification had significantly (p < 0.05) higher EVLW values compared with the remaining patients with a change in fluid therapy. Out of the 22 patients with a modified therapeutic decision, the therapy proved effective in 18 patients CONCLUSION: Quantification of EVLW in patients who can be considered euvolemic induces important modifications in fluid and vasoactive therapy. These changes generally resulted in a lower volume loading and a positive outcome for the patient.
Subject(s)
Critical Illness/therapy , Extravascular Lung Water/physiology , Fluid Therapy/methods , Hypotension/therapy , Hypoxia/therapy , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/therapy , Sepsis/therapy , Analysis of Variance , Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Hemodynamics , Humans , Hypotension/mortality , Hypotension/physiopathology , Hypoxia/mortality , Hypoxia/physiopathology , Indicator Dilution Techniques , Male , Prospective Studies , Respiration, Artificial , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/physiopathology , Sepsis/physiopathologyABSTRACT
In patients with traumatic intraabdominal hemorrhage, urgent decisions must be made. Resuscitation measures must often be simultaneously combined with diagnostic actions and measures to control the source of the bleeding. Hemorrhages are usually complicated by coagulation disorders and the presence of acidosis and hypothermia. In these conditions, emergency measures are required that usually involve various specialists. However, given the paucity of the scientific evidence in this field, the intervention protocols differ from one center to another. The European Guidelines for the management of bleeding following major trauma has recently been published. These guidelines review aspects such as evaluation and initial management of bleeding, localization and control of the source of bleeding and replacement of blood products. In addition, recommendations based on the best available evidence to 2008 are made. This review describes the basic aspects of traumatic intraabdominal hemorrhage.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Injuries/complications , Hemorrhage/therapy , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Hemorrhage/etiology , Humans , Injury Severity ScoreABSTRACT
El paciente con hemorragia intraabdominal traumática requiere la toma de decisiones con carácter urgente. Con frecuencia habrá que combinar de forma simultánea las medidas de reanimación con acciones diagnósticas y de control de la fuente de la hemorragia. El cuadro hemorrágico suele verse complicado con trastornos de la coagulación y la presencia de acidosis e hipotermia. En estas condiciones son necesarias actuaciones urgentes que generalmente implican a varios especialistas, pero dada la debilidad de la evidencia científica en este campo, las pautas de actuación difieren de un centro a otro. Recientemente se han publicado las Guías Europeas para el manejo del paciente traumatizado sangrante en las que se revisan aspectos como la valoración y el manejo inicial de la hemorragia, la localización y control de la fuente del sangrado y la reposición de hemoderivados. Se elaboran, asimismo, unas recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible hasta 2008. En la presente revisión expondremos los aspectos fundamentales referidos a la hemorragia intraabdominal traumática (AU)
In patients with traumatic intraabdominal hemorrhage, urgent decisions must be made. Resuscitation measures must often be simultaneously combined with diagnostic actions and measures to control the source of the bleeding. Hemorrhages are usually complicated by coagulation disorders and the presence of acidosis and hypothermia. In these conditions, emergency measures are required that usually involve various specialists. However, given the paucity of the scientific evidence in this field, the intervention protocols differ from one center to another. The European Guidelines for the management of bleeding following major trauma has recently been published. These guidelines review aspects such as evaluation and initial management of bleeding, localization and control of the source of bleeding and replacement of blood products. In addition, recommendations based on the best available evidence to 2008 are made. This review describes the basic aspects of traumatic intraabdominal hemorrhage (AU)
