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7.
Rev Clin Esp ; 208(2): 66-70, 2008 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18261392

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the environmental factors associated to anticoagulation excess in adult patients who come to an emergency department of a tertiary hospital. To describe the characteristics of anticoagulant therapy, their diseases and associated drugs, clinical presentation and treatment received. METHODS: Prospective study of randomized patients conducted in the Emergency Department of Hospital Gregorio Marañón in Madrid during 6 months. Those patients whose INR was greater than or equal to 6 due to having taken acenocoumarol were included. Variables collected for all of them were: age, gender, INR when coming to the emergency department, anticoagulation indication, its beginning and duration, physician anticoagulation controlling, time since previous INR control, last INR assessment, treatment changes. Other variables were: comorbidity, associated medications, dietary changes, presence of bleeding, its location and treatment received. The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS program (vs 13). RESULTS: A total of 49 adult patients, 63.3% female, whose average age was 77.9 (48-94) were included. Mean INR value was 8.2 (6-12). Indication due to atrial fibrillation was found in 71.4%. The most common associated diseases were heart failure and chronic nephropathy (18.4% and 16.3%, respectively). Twelve patients (24.5%) had consumed paracetamol recently. Active hemorrhage occurred in 34.7% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Anticoagulation excess is a common problem in people over 70, where comorbidity and medications may determine the INR value. Bleeding risk is significant so that this group of patients should be closely monitored.


Subject(s)
Acenocoumarol/adverse effects , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Emergency Medical Services , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Acenocoumarol/therapeutic use , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Female , Heart Failure/epidemiology , Humans , International Normalized Ratio , Kidney Failure, Chronic/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies
8.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 208(2): 66-70, feb. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-63860

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Analizar los factores ambientales asociados al exceso de anticoagulación en pacientes que acuden a Urgencias de un hospital terciario. Describir las características del tratamiento anticoagulante de los pacientes, sus patologías y fármacos asociados, así como la forma de presentación y tratamiento recibido. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo de pacientes aleatorios realizado en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Gregorio Marañón de Madrid durante un período de 6 meses. Se incluyeron aquellos pacientes que acudieron con un International Normalized Ratio (INR) superior o igual a 6 como consecuencia de la toma de acenocumarol. En todos ellos se recogieron variables como: edad, sexo, INR en Urgencias, motivo de anticoagulación, duración e inicio de ésta, médico que controlaba la anticoagulación, tiempo que había transcurrido desde el último control previo a la inclusión, valor del último INR y modificación de la pauta. Otras variables fueron: comorbilidad, medicación asociada, cambio en la dieta, presencia de hemorragia, localización de la misma y tratamiento recibido. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa SPSS (v. 13). Resultados. Se incluyeron en el estudio 49 pacientes. La edad media fue de 77,9 (48-94) y el 63,3% fueron mujeres. La cifra media de INR en Urgencias fue de 8,2 (rango de 6-12). La indicación por fibrilación auricular (FA) se encontró en el 71,4%. La insuficiencia cardíaca crónica (ICC) y la nefropatía crónica fueron las patologías asociadas más frecuentes (18,4 y 16,3% respectivamente). El consumo reciente de paracetamol se encontró en 12 pacientes (24,5%). Existió sangrado activo en el 34,7% de los casos. Conclusiones. El exceso de anticoagulación se presenta con frecuencia en la población mayor de 70 años, donde la comorbilidad y los fármacos pueden condicionar su control. El riesgo de hemorragia es considerable, por lo que debemos monitorizar estrechamente a este tipo de pacientes (AU)


Objectives. To analyze the environmental factors associated to anticoagulation excess in adult patients who come to an emergency department of a tertiary hospital. To describe the characteristics of anticoagulant therapy, their diseases and associated drugs, clinical presentation and treatment received. Methods. Prospective study of randomized patients conducted in the Emergency Department of Hospital Gregorio Marañón in Madrid during 6 months. Those patients whose INR was greater than or equal to 6 due to having taken acenocoumarol were included. Variables collected for all of them were: age, gender, INR when coming to the emergency department, anticoagulation indication, its beginning and duration, physician anticoagulation controlling, time since previous INR control, last INR assessment, treatment changes. Other variables were: comorbidity, associated medications, dietary changes, presence of bleeding, its location and treatment received. The statistical analysis was performed with the SPSS program (vs 13). Results. A total of 49 adult patients, 63.3% female, whose average age was 77.9 (48-94) were included. Mean INR value was 8.2 (6-12). Indication due to atrial fibrillation was found in 71.4%. The most common associated diseases were heart failure and chronic nephropathy (18.4% and 16.3%, respectively). Twelve patients (24.5%) had consumed paracetamol recently. Active hemorrhage occurred in 34.7% of cases. Conclusions. Anticoagulation excess is a common problem in people over 70, where comorbidity and medications may determine the INR value. Bleeding risk is significant so that this group of patients should be closely monitored (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/drug therapy , Drug Prescriptions/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Acenocoumarol/therapeutic use , Hemorrhage/epidemiology
9.
MAPFRE med ; 18(3): 209-211, jul.-sept. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-056983

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un varón de 63 años atendido por taquicardia sinusal basal sin ninguna otra manifestación subjetiva ni objetiva de hipertiroidismo, con el único hallazgo de laboratorio de T4 libre 4.82 ng/dl y TSH< 0.1mU/l y gammagrafía tiroidea en que se aprecian tiroides ectópico hipercaptador en base de la lengua, conducto tirogloso persistente y bocio difuso con nódulo hipofuncionante en istmo


We present the case of a 63 years old man who presented with basal sinusal tachycardia without any other manifestation of hyperthyroidism. His serum levels of free T4 and TSH were 4.82 ng/dl and < 0.1 mU/l respectively, and radionuclide scintigraphy showed hyper-uptake ectopic thyroid at the base of the tongue, thyroglossal cyst and diffuse goiter with no significant uptake in isthmus


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Hyperthyroidism/etiology , Thyroid Diseases/complications , Choristoma/complications , Thyroid Diseases , Tongue/abnormalities
10.
MAPFRE med ; 18(3): 215-218, jul.-sept. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-056985

ABSTRACT

Se presentan dos casos de mujeres de mediana edad (37 y 40 años) sin antecedentes de interés, atendidas por lumbalgia de carácter mecánico, de semanas de evolución, sin hallazgos en la exploración física ni de laboratorio ni alivio con antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, mostrando el estudio radiológico imágenes de densidad calcio compatibles con dientes en pelvis, en ambos casos. Se establece el diagnóstico diferencial entre las calcificaciones de pelvis menor y se analizan las características clínicas y de imagen de los teratomas o quistes dermoides


Two middle-aged women ( 37 and 40 years old ) with no previous history, were studied for mecanical low back pain.There werent any finding in the physical exploration and in laboratory tests. The abdominal X Ray showed images of calcium density suggestives of teeth in the pelvis, in both cases. We analysed the differential diagnosis between calcifications in minor pelvis and the clinical and imaging characteristics in teratomas or dermoid cysts


Subject(s)
Female , Adult , Humans , Low Back Pain/etiology , Calcinosis/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Teratoma , Tooth , Dermoid Cyst
13.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 23(7): 317-320, jul. 2006. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048143

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP) ha sido durante muchos años una causa muy importante de morbi-mortalidad en los pacientes hospitalizados. El empleo de forma profiláctica de Heparinas de Bajo Peso Molecular (HBPM) en pacientes ingresados en la última década del siglo XX parece haber disminuido de forma significativa su incidencia clínica. Pretendemos ver si el empleo de HBPM como medida de tromboprofilaxis ha modificado el hallazgo de esta patología en autopsias. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo de todas las autopsias realizadas en adultos en el Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid) en un periodo de 6 años (Enero 1994-Diciembre 1999). Se incluyeron en el estudio todas aquellas que presentaron hallazgos anatomopatológicos (AP) de TEP y se rellenó un protocolo en el que se incluyeron datos AP, datos epidemiológicos, clínicos y terapéuticos. Resultados: En el periodo estudiado se realizaron 483 necropsias, de las cuales 40 (8,3%) tenían datos de TEP. La mayor parte de ellos tenían más de 50 años (85%) y entre los factores de riesgo destacaron el reposo-encamamiento, la enfermedad crónica médica y la presencia de tumores malignos (adenocarcinomas). Sólo se sospechó el diagnóstico pre-mortem en 5 (12,5 %) y 15 (37,5 %) desarrollaron la ETE a pesar de haber recibido tratamiento profiláctico con HBPM. Conclusiones: El TEP continúa siendo una causa muy importante de mortalidad de los pacientes ingresados en el hospital. El aumento de la esperanza de vida, de la supervivencia de enfermedades crónicas médicas y tumorales determina que hay que tener muy en cuenta esta patología. El empleo de una HBPM como profilaxis no excluye la posibilidad de esta entidad


Background: Pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) has been for a long time a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. The utility of Low-Molecular Weight Heparins (LMWH) in these patients in the last decade of the XX century has decreased the incidence of this disease. We try to know if the massive useful of LMWH as thromboprophylasis is diminishing its incidence in autopsies. Material y methods: Retrospective study of all the autopsies in adults in the Hospital Clínico San Carlos (Madrid) in a period of 6 years (from January 1994 to December 1999). There were reviewed those necropsies which had pathological data of pulmonary thromboembolism and several items were studied: anatomopathological, epidemiological, clinical and therapeutical. Results: 483 necropsies were performed in this period; 40 (8.3%) had PE. Most of them were older than 50 years (85%) and the most important risk factors associated were bedridden, chronic cardiovascular diseases and malignant neoplasias. Only Pre-mortem diagnosis was only suspected in 5 patients (12.5%) and 15 of them (37.5%) had a fatal pulmonary embolism despite receipt of thromboprophylasis with LMWH. Conclusions: PTE is still an important cause of mortality in hospitalized patients. The increased of life expect, survival of chronic cardiovascular and malignant disease made PTE a frequent possibility situation in hospitalized patients. Receipt of LMWH as thromboprophylaxis is not always effective to avoid PTE


Subject(s)
Humans , Thromboembolism/epidemiology , Autopsy/statistics & numerical data , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors
14.
SEMERGEN, Soc. Esp. Med. Rural Gen. (Ed. impr.) ; 32(4): 192-194, abr. 2006. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-045112

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un varón de 84 años sin antecedentes de interés que, encontrándose previamente en buena situación neurológica y funcional, sufre un deterioro neurocognitivo progresivo de 6 semanas de evolución. En la exploración física sólo se apreciaron alteraciones neuropsicológicas inespecíficas, con analítica sin hallazgos. La tomografía axial computarizada (TAC) craneal mostró una imagen hipodensa frontal compatible con lesión isquémica crónica, sin poderse descartar otros diagnósticos, por lo que se realizó resonancia magnética (RM) que tras la administración de gadolinio intravenoso objetivaba intensa captación de contraste paramagnético, lo que constituye un dato fuertemente sugestivo de meningioma, diagnóstico confirmado por la histopatología de la pieza de resección quirúrgica. Tras la intervención se obtuvo la curación del paciente, con restitución a la integridad. Los meningiomas son uno de los tumores intracraneales más frecuentes. Generalmente benignos, se originan a partir de células aracnoideas. Habitualmente se muestran como lesiones hiperdensas en la TAC craneal


The case of an 84 year old male without any background of interest is presented. Previously having good neurological and functional condition, he suffered progressive neurocognitive deterioration over six weeks. In the physical examination, only non-specific neuropsychological alterations were seen, there being no findings in the analyses. The cranial CT scan showed frontal hypodense image consistent with chronic ischemic lesion, not being possible to rule out other diagnosis. Thus, an MRI was done. After the administration of intravenous gadolinium, intense uptake of the paramagnetic contrast was observed. This data is strongly suggestive of meningioma, a diagnosis confirmed by the histopathology of the surgical resection piece. After the operation, the patient was cured, with full recovery. Meningiomas are one of the most frequent intracranial tumors. Generally benign, they originate from arachnoid cells. Generally, they are seen as hyperdense lesions in the cranial CT


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Meningioma/diagnosis , Mental Disorders/etiology , Meningeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
19.
An Med Interna ; 17(9): 494-5, 2000 Sep.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11100538

ABSTRACT

We report a 24-years-old woman who presented with thoracic pain after coughing. Physical exam revealed no abnormalities except pain after pressing under blade-bone area. A rib radiography and CT of the thorax showed a lonely osteolytic lesion inside eleventh left costal arch without affecting others tissues. There were no more osteolytic lesions at other levels and the histopathological study of a resection-biopsy of the lesion was diagnosed as Langerhans' cell granulomatosis. This is an uncommon disease which diagnosis can only be made through histopathological study of suspected lesions.


Subject(s)
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/diagnosis , Osteolysis/etiology , Ribs , Adult , Female , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/complications , Humans , Osteolysis/diagnosis
20.
An. med. interna (Madr., 1983) ; 17(11): 597-598, nov. 2000. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-235

ABSTRACT

Las causas más frecuentes de infiltrados micronodulares en la radiografía de tórax, son las infecciosas, sobre todo granulomatosas tipo tuberculosis, y las metastásicas. Múltiples tumores se han descrito como productores de metástasis micronodulares, siendo los más característicos el de tiroides, melanoma y gastrointestinal (colon y páncreas). El hepatocarcinoma con frecuencia produce metástasis pulmonares, pero es raro que éstas se presenten en forma de patrón micronodular. Presentamos el caso de una mujer con un hepatocarcinoma, cuya forma de presentación fue un infiltrado bilateral micronodular en la radiografía de tórax (AU)


Subject(s)
Female , Middle Aged , Humans , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/secondary , Lung Neoplasms/secondary , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Lung Neoplasms , Liver Neoplasms
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