Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Mohs Surgery/methods , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/epidemiology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Age Distribution , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Needle , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/surgery , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Sensitivity and Specificity , Sex Distribution , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Oral manifestations of hematologic and nutritional deficiencies can affect the mucous membranes, teeth, periodontal tissues, salivary glands, and perioral skin. This article reviews common oral manifestations of hematologic conditions starting with disorders of the white blood cells including cyclic hematopoiesis (cyclic neutropenia), leukemias, lymphomas, plasma cell dyscrasias, and mast cell disorders; this is followed by a discussion of the impact of red blood cell disorders including anemias and less common red blood cell dyscrasias (sickle cell disease, hemochromatosis, and congenital erythropoietic porphyria) as well as thrombocytopenia. Several nutritional deficiencies exhibit oral manifestations. The authors specifically discuss the impact of water-soluble vitamins (B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, and C), fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and K) and the eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa on the oral mucosa.