Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Acute Disease , Adult , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Clinical Trials as Topic , Female , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Infusions, Intravenous , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/microbiology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
In order to determine whether ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia is due to a general brain atrophy or to a more regionally confined reduction of brain tissue, in CT scans of 54 schizophrenics (ICD 9 295.0-6) and 54 controls matched for age and sex the size of all cortical sulci, the Silvian fissures, lateral, third and fourth ventricles were determined by blind planimetry. The left Silvian fissure was on several levels most enlarged (by 79-233%), followed by the right Silvian fissure (42-96%), the frontal parts of the interhemispheric fissure (84%), the left and right frontal sulci (40%, 46%), the VBR (32%), and the third ventricle (25%), whereas the parietal and occipital sulci and the fourth ventricle were not significantly altered. With the exception of one parameter, there was no correlation between any of the data and the duration of the illness. The data indicate that paralimbic and limbic structures of the anterior temporal lobe and of the parasagittal frontal cortex are most affected in schizophrenia. With respect to recent neuroanatomical and neurophysiological findings, an explanation is offered for the close association of some positive schizophrenic symptoms with limbic and paralimbic brain deficiency.
Subject(s)
Limbic System/pathology , Schizophrenia/pathology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Atrophy , Cerebral Cortex/pathology , Cerebral Ventricles/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
In a retrospective study on 108 arterial transfemoral perfusion treatments with cytostatic drugs, the authors describe the procedure and the response of patients shown by tumor markers, computed tomography, histologic findings, and subjective assessment by the patients. Then follows a critical discussion of the complication rate of a therapy which has proved since 1980 to be a valuable and effective treatment method. The objective remission rate was 67%, and a subjective response was observed in 75% of all cases. Compared to systemic chemotherapy, the tolerance was clearly better. Only in one case we found an arterial embolism which was treated by conservative measures. Intraarterial perfusion of cytostatic drugs is within the scope of palliative measures a very effective and, above all, relatively non-stressful treatment with regard to quality of life and survival time. This interventional therapy method should be offered by the radiologist to the clinical oncologist.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage , Catheterization/methods , Infusions, Intra-Arterial/methods , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Adult , Aged , Carcinoembryonic Antigen/analysis , Female , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Liver Neoplasms/secondary , Middle Aged , Peptides/analysis , Tissue Polypeptide AntigenABSTRACT
In 15 Beagles with cirrhosis of the liver (TAA induced) and in 22 healthy controls the flow in the hepatic artery (Q a.h.) and in the portal vein (Q v.p.) was measured by kineangiodensitometry. The oxygen content in the hepatic artery, portal and hepatic vein was determined after withdrawal by inserted catheters. Thereafter the O2-uptake (V O2) via portal vein (V pO2) and hepatic artery (V aO2) was calculated. The control animals showed Q a.h. of 175 +/- 25 ml/min and Q v.p. of 511 +/- ml/min. In the cirrhotic animals Q a.h. rose up to 205 +/- 31 ml/min, there was a decrease of Q v.p. to 260 +/- 49 ml/min. V O2 of the liver of the controls was 5,6 +/- 1 ml/100 g/min. V aO2 ws 2,0 +/- 0,4 ml/100 g/min (35%), V pO2 was 3,6 +/- 0,7 ml/100 g/min (65%). In the cirrhotic animals V O2 decreased to 4,7 +/- 0,9 ml/100 g/min, V aO2 rose up to 3,0 +/- 0,6 ml/100 g/min (64%), V pO2 was reduced to 1,7 +/- 0,6 ml/100 g/min (36%). There was a statistically significant difference of all values measured (p less than or equal to 0,01). In cirrhosis of the liver the hepatic artery carries the main oxygen supply.
Subject(s)
Hepatic Artery , Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism , Oxygen Consumption , Animals , Dogs , Female , Hepatic Veins , Male , Portal VeinABSTRACT
In 68 patients arterial and portal blood flow were measured by angiodensitometry in the course of routine, indirect splenoportography. Results were compared with those already published, with investigations of a model and with animal experiments. It was shown that, given certain underlying conditions, reliable results can be obtained even in the presence of a pulsatile flow and incomplete contrast mixing. Compared with other procedures, the method has the advantage of providing a complete picture of liver haemodynamics in the course of routine splenoportography in a simple way and without affecting the patient further. As a result the indications for performing a shunt and the choice of the shunt technique can be more accurately determined.
Subject(s)
Hemodynamics , Hypertension, Portal/diagnostic imaging , Liver Circulation , Portography/methods , Blood Flow Velocity , Cineradiography , Humans , Hypertension, Portal/physiopathology , Liver Cirrhosis/diagnostic imaging , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Portal System/physiopathology , Videotape RecordingABSTRACT
Angiodensitometry complements conventional renal angiography and provides important additional functional information without subjecting the patient to any further stress. Since blood flow through the renal arteries can be determined, it is an important method for the preoperative investigation of renal disease.
Subject(s)
Kidney/blood supply , Absorptiometry, Photon , Cineangiography , Humans , Hydronephrosis/diagnosis , Hydronephrosis/diagnostic imaging , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Methods , Regional Blood FlowABSTRACT
In a retrospective and prospective study the scintigraphically measured kinetics of intrathecally injected tracers are classified and compared with the final clinical diagnoses confirmed by additional examinations and clinical course. The results of the studies show characteristic dynamics of the tracer in patients without neurological diseases, whereas typically abnormal images are demonstrated in different neurological diseases.
Subject(s)
Brain Diseases/diagnosis , Radionuclide Imaging , Adult , Aged , Brain Injuries/diagnosis , Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis , Humans , Injections, Spinal , Meningoencephalitis/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated/administration & dosage , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/diagnosisABSTRACT
A measuring device for simultaneous determination of glomerular and tubular clearance with separation of both sides is described. The patient lies on a table. Two detectors mounted on the ceiling count the residual radioactivity in the body except in the kidneys which are shielded by a lead block. Two other detectors count the renal radioactivity. The total renal clearance is calculated by the whole-body clearance curve and plasma activity. The fraction cleared by each side is calculated by the renal activity time curve. Radiopharmaceuticals were: 99Tcm-EDTA and 131I-hippuran. Values for normal patients are given.
