ABSTRACT
The authors evaluated the morphology of nasal cavities and nasal patency using active anterior rhinomanometry in 94 children (mean age 10.2 years). Complete bilateral primary and secondary cleft palate was confirmed in 28 children (29.8%), unilateral in 66 children (70.2%), where complete right-side primary and secondary cleft palate was observed in 19 children (28.8%) and complete left side primary and secondary cleft palate in 47 children (71.2%). Measurement methods were used according to Rhinomanometric Standardization Committee. Significant relationship between nasal patency examined using active anterior rhinomanometry and complete cleft palate was confirmed. High, symmetric resistance of nasal airflow was observed in children with complete bilateral primary and secondary cleft palate. Children with complete unilateral primary and secondary cleft palate were found to have asymmetric nasal airflow, higher on the cleft side. In this group mean nasal airflow resistance was higher on non-cleft side than in population without defects, whereas on clefted side it is approximal to population without defects. In children with complete bilateral primary and secondary cleft palate mean resistances distribution was symmetric but higher than in population without defects.
Subject(s)
Cleft Palate/diagnosis , Nasal Obstruction/diagnosis , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Manometry/methods , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
This study was carried out as an attempt to evaluate the relationship between the results of nasal patency examinations and selected anthropometric measurements of nasal cavities in children with complete primary and secondary cleft palate. The examined group consisted of 130 children with cleft palate treated by means of surgery in early childhood owing to their clefts. Concerning the diagnostic methods the study group was divided into two subgroups. Group I consisted of 75 children in whom face photographs in frontal and axial projections towards the external nasal aperture were analysed. Group II consisted of 55 children in whom by means of P-A teleradiography projection the total area, the maximum height and width of nasal cavity were measured separately for the side with cleft and without cleft. The assessment of nasal patency tests using the objective method--active anterior rhinomanometry was carried out.
Subject(s)
Cleft Palate , Manometry/methods , Nose/anatomy & histology , Nose/physiology , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Child , Child, Preschool , Cleft Palate/surgery , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The comparison of the audiological results (audiometry, tympanometry 226 Hz and multifrequency tympanometry) and cephalometric measurements of the nasopharynx in cleft palate children was presented. A group of 85 children 7-15 years old, operated because of cleft lip and palate during early childhood were considered for the purpose of this study. With the results of the audiological examination, as the base, the children were divided on three subgroups: the first characterized by pathological audiogram and tympanogram, the second with normal audiograms and pathological tympanograms, the third with normal audiograms and tympanograms. On the radiological pictures (lateral tele-radiograms) the linear measurements of certain were introduced as follows: the nasopharyngeal airflow (PN) and the palatal airflow (PP). In order to obtain the radiological coefficients (PN/A) and (PP/A), the linear measurements mentioned above in relation to the adenoid size were used. The results of measurements obtained for the first and second subgroup were significant different to the relevant results in the third subgroup and controls but the best correlation obtained between audiological parameters and radiographic nasopharyngeal airway. This results prove the existence of certain relation between measured quantities and audiological examination in cleft palate children.
Subject(s)
Anthropometry , Cleft Palate/physiopathology , Hearing Disorders/diagnosis , Pulmonary Ventilation , Acoustic Impedance Tests , Audiometry, Speech , Child , Female , Head/anatomy & histology , Humans , Male , Nasopharynx/physiology , Nasopharynx/physiopathologyABSTRACT
The condition of the parodontium was studied in 281 children. Group I comprised children with malocclusion treated by maxillary orthopaedic methods, group II--children with non-treated malocclusion, group III--children with normal occlusion. The condition of the parodontium was assessed in various types of malocclusion, in groups of teeth and in relation to the duration of treatment with maxillary-orthopaedic devices. The parodontium was evaluated using the indices GI and PMA. The highest prevalence of parodontitis was found in cases of isolated crowding of teeth. Changes were observed, most frequently, at the lower incisors. With time of device use the values of the GI and PMA indices increased to a peak value in the 2nd year of the treatment, while past that time these values fell.
Subject(s)
Orthodontic Appliances/adverse effects , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Child , Humans , Malocclusion/therapy , Orthodontics, CorrectiveABSTRACT
A clinical course and the results of treatment of infections in 53 neonates with visceral cranium defects are discussed. The analysis included the type of defect, immunity and the causes of therapeutical failures. Developmental defects of other organs coexisted with visceral Cranium defects in 45% of the neonates. High incidence of aspiration pneumonia (in 57%) with unfavourable prognosis (40%) was observed despite an intensive respiratory therapy including assisted ventilation. Therapeutical failures were caused by the coexistence of other developmental anomalies (found in 80% od deceased neonates) and low body weight at birth (35% of deaths). No immunological disorders were found except sporadic deficit of immunoglobulins and T-cells. Prophylaxis is of utmost importance. It includes: early orthodontic correction and introduction of the appropriate feeding technique at the neonatal wards.
