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1.
Nutr Hosp ; 33(1): 14-20, 2016 Feb 16.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27019235

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Studies on infant dietary intake do not generally focus on the types of liquids consumed. Objective: To document by age and breastfeeding status, the types of liquids present in the diet of Mexican children under 1 year of age (< 1 y) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012 (ENSANUT-2012). Methods: Analysis of the infant < 1 y feeding practices from the ENSANUT-2012 survey in non-breastfed (non-BF) and breastfed (BF) infants by status quo for the consumption of liquids grouped in: water, formula, fortified LICONSA milk, nutritive liquids (NL; thin cereal-based gruel with water or milk and coffee with milk) and non-nutritive liquids (non-NL) as sugared water, water-based drinks, tea, beans or chicken broth, aguamieland coffee. In this infants < 1 y we analyzed the not grouped consumption of liquids in the first three days of life (newborns) from the mother's recall. Percentage and confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated adjusting for survey design. Statistical differences were analyzed by Z test. Results: We observed a high consumption of human milk followed by formula (56.7%) and water (51.1%) in infants under 6 months of age (< 6 mo). The proportion of non-BF infants consuming non-NL was higher than for BF infants (p < 0.05). More than 60% of older infants (6 mo and < 1 y) consumed formula and were non-BF. In newborns formula consumption was predominant, followed by tea or infusion and water. Conclusions: Non-breast milk liquids are present undesirably in Mexican infants' diet and non-NL are consumed earlier than NL, revealing inadequate early dietary practices.


Introducción: la elección del método para la evaluación nutricional es fundamental para el correcto seguimiento del estado nutricional de los pacientes sometidos al trasplante de hígado.Objetivos: evaluar y comparar el estado nutricional de los pacientes antes y después del trasplante de hígado por el tiempo de un año para los diferentes métodos de evaluación nutricional. Métodos: se evaluaron los pacientes que se sometieron a un trasplante de hígado en diferentes momentos: pretrasplante, 1, 3, 6 y 12 meses después del procedimiento, en la Hermandad de la Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Los métodos utilizados fueron la antropometría, la fuerza de apretón de manos por la fuerza de agarre no dominante (FAM), el espesor del músculo aductor del pulgar y el ángulo de fase (AF) por bioimpedancia eléctrica (BIA). En todas las evaluaciones se tomaron las mismas medidas. Resultados: las evaluaciones se llevaron a cabo en 22 pacientes. Los métodos que mostraron mayor prevalencia de pacientes desnutridos antes del trasplante fueron la FA por BIA (25%), la circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB) (21,9%) y la circunferencia del brazo (CB) (18,8%). Al comparar el estado nutricional de los pacientes durante el seguimiento, hubo diferencia significativa en los métodos de evaluación de CB, espesor del pliegue cutáneo triciptal y AF por la BIA. Al final del seguimiento, los métodos de evaluación nutricional fueron nuevamente comparados y mostraron de diferencias significativas, siendo la FAM el método de mayor detección de desnutrición. Conclusiones: se sugiere que podría intensificarse el uso del método AF por la BIA en esta población, ya que los resultados están en consonancia con los encontrados en la literatura, siendo significativos, fiables y reproducibles.


Subject(s)
Liver Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Nutritional Status , Aged , Anthropometry , Cohort Studies , Electric Impedance , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Hand Strength , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism , Liver Cirrhosis/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Nutrition Assessment , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Skinfold Thickness
2.
Nutr. hosp ; 33(1): 8-13, ene.-feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-153028

ABSTRACT

Background: Choosing the method of nutritional assessment is essential for proper follow-up of the nutritional status of patients undergoing liver transplantation. Objectives: Evaluate and compare the nutritional status of cirrhotic patients before and after liver transplantation over a year by different methods of nutritional assessment. Methods: Patients undergoing liver transplantation were assessed in five phases: pre-transplant, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after transplantation at the hospital Santa Casa de Misericordia de Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The methods used for nutritional assessment were anthropometry, grip strength of the non-dominant hand (HGS) by dynamometry, thickness of the adductor pollicis muscle (APM) and phase angle (PA) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). In all evaluations, the same measurements were taken. Results: Evaluations were performed in 22 patients. Methods that showed a higher prevalence of malnourished patients before transplantation were PA by BIA (25%), arm muscle circumference (AMC) (21.9%) and arm circumference (AC) (18.8%). When comparing the nutritional status of patients during follow-up, there was a significant difference only in the evaluation methods AC, triceps skinfold thickness and PA by BIA. At the end, the methods of nutritional assessment were compared again. They showed a significant statistical difference, with HGS being the best method for detecting malnutrition. Conclusions: In conclusion, it is suggested that the method PA by BIA could be widely used with this population since the results are consistent with other findings in the literature and they are significant, reliable, and reproducible (AU)


Introducción: la elección del método para la evaluación nutricional es fundamental para el correcto seguimiento del estado nutricional de los pacientes sometidos al trasplante de hígado. Objetivos: evaluar y comparar el estado nutricional de los pacientes antes y después del trasplante de hígado por el tiempo de un año para los diferentes métodos de evaluación nutricional. Métodos: se evaluaron los pacientes que se sometieron a un trasplante de hígado en diferentes momentos: pretrasplante, 1, 3, 6 y 12 meses después del procedimiento, en la Hermandad de la Santa Casa de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Los métodos utilizados fueron la antropometría, la fuerza de apretón de manos por la fuerza de agarre no dominante (FAM), el espesor del músculo aductor del pulgar y el ángulo de fase (AF) por bioimpedancia eléctrica (BIA). En todas las evaluaciones se tomaron las mismas medidas. Resultados: las evaluaciones se llevaron a cabo en 22 pacientes. Los métodos que mostraron mayor prevalencia de pacientes desnutridos antes del trasplante fueron la FA por BIA (25%), la circunferencia muscular del brazo (CMB) (21,9%) y la circunferencia del brazo (CB) (18,8%). Al comparar el estado nutricional de los pacientes durante el seguimiento, hubo diferencia significativa en los métodos de evaluación de CB, espesor del pliegue cutáneo triciptal y AF por la BIA. Al final del seguimiento, los métodos de evaluación nutricional fueron nuevamente comparados y mostraron de diferencias significativas, siendo la FAM el método de mayor detección de desnutrición. Conclusiones: se sugiere que podría intensificarse el uso del método AF por la BIA en esta población, ya que los resultados están en consonancia con los encontrados en la literatura, siendo significativos, fiables y reproducibles (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Liver Transplantation , Nutritional Status/physiology , Anthropometry/methods , Nutrition Assessment , Follow-Up Studies , Electric Impedance
3.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 28(1): 19-29, 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1460384

ABSTRACT

In this study, the main environmental variables that determined the vertical distribution of phytoplanktonic assemblages in the Corumbá Reservoir (Goias) were assessed in a nictemeral scale. Samples were taken during the rainy (April 1997) and the dry (September 1997) periods, in the lacustrine zone of the Reservoir. Composition, density and biomass of phytoplanktonic assemblages were analyzed. Low biomass values were registered in both nictemeral cycles in conditions of low nutrient concentrations and low light availability, particularly in April, when the water retention time was ten days. Phytoplanktonic organisms were especially concentrated at the euphotic zone, during the morning, except for the Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, which was concentrated at the aphotic zone due to hydraulic gradient. The low values registered in the two nictemeral cycles were mainly due to morphometric and sedimentologycal factors, and low water retention time in the Corumbá reservoir


Este estudo visou identificar, em escala nictemeral, as principais variáveis ambientais intervenientes na distribuição vertical das assembléias fitoplanctônicas no reservatório de Corumbá, Estado de Goiás. Foram efetuadas amostragens em período chuvoso (abril de 1997) e seco (setembro de 1997) na região lacustre do reservatório. O fitoplâncton foi analisado quanto à composição, densidade e biomassa (biovolume). Baixos valores de biomassa ocorreram em ambos os períodos estudados, em condições de baixas concentrações de nutrientes e reduzida disponibilidade de radiação sub-aquática, especialmente no mês de abril quando o tempo de residência da água foi de 10 dias. As variações nictemerais evidenciaram maior concentração do fitoplâncton na zona eufótica, no período matutino, exceto para Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii que ocorreu, principalmente, na zona afótica, devido ao gradiente hidráulico. A reduzida abundância fitoplanctônica, em ambas variações nictemerais, foi, provavelmente, decorrente das características morfométricas e sedimentológicas e do curto tempo de residência da água do reservatório de Corumbá

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