ABSTRACT
The effects of chilling method and moisture enhancement were examined for improving eating quality of semimembranosus (SM) and longissimus lumborum (LL) from 62 cull beef cows. Chilling method included hot boning muscles after 45 to 60 min postmortem or conventional chilling for 24 h. Moisture enhancement included 1) a non-injected control (CONT) or injection processing (10% of product weight) using 2) Sodium Tripolyphosphate/salt (Na/STP), 3) Sodium Citrate (NaCIT), 4) Calcium Ascorbate (CaASC), or 5) Citrus Juices (CITRUS). Chilling method by moisture enhancement treatment interactions (P<0.09) were due to decreased hue, chroma and sarcomere length values in hot boned vs. conventionally chilled product (SM and LL) for CaASC vs. other moisture enhancement treatments. Chilling method by moisture enhancement treatment interactions (P<0.05) were due to decreased shear force and increased tenderness in conventionally chilled vs. hot boned LL using CaASC vs. Na/STP. Moisture enhancement can improve tenderness of cull cow beef depending on combinations of chilling method and moisture enhancement treatments used.
Subject(s)
Food Handling/methods , Food Quality , Meat/analysis , Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry , Animals , Ascorbic Acid/metabolism , Bone and Bones/metabolism , Cattle , Citrates/metabolism , Cold Temperature , Color , Female , Hot Temperature , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Polyphosphates/metabolism , Postmortem Changes , Sodium Citrate , TasteABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) on ischemic asymptomatic episodes (IAE). METHODS: Twenty eight males (means age 57.3 +/- 9.6 years) with stable angina and no microcirculation abnormalities, who presented with IAE after medication withdrawal, were studied using ambulatory electrocardiography monitoring. Presence of IEA was analyzed before and 4 months after CABG according to its frequency and heart rate (HR) response. CAGB was considered complete in 75% of the cases. RESULTS: The number or IAE was reduced from 162 (9 symptomatic) in the preoperative period to 4 after surgery (p < 0.05). In two patients with IAE in the postoperative period, coronariography confirmed obstruction of aortocoronary grafts. Analysis of HR at the beginning and peak of IAE suggested as mechanisms both reduced blood flow and increased oxygen consumption by the myocardium. CONCLUSION: CABC eliminated IAE regardless of HR. When IAE is present after surgery, graft occlusion should be suspected.
Subject(s)
Myocardial Ischemia/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization , Adult , Aged , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Exercise Test , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosisABSTRACT
OBJETIVO - Avaliar o efeito da cirurgia de revascularizaçäo miocárdica (CRM) sobre episódios isquêmicos assintomáticos (EIA). MÉTODOS - Foram estudados 28 homens, com angina estável (idade média 57,3ñ9,6) anos sem condiçöes relacionadas a alteraçöes de microcirculaçäo e que, após retirada da medicaçäo, apresentaram EIA à eletrocardiografia ambulatorial (ECGA). No pré-operatório e 4 meses após a cirurgia foram analisados os comportamentos dos EIA, segundo sua freqüência, e o de suas freqüências cardíacas (FC). A revascularizaçäo miocárdica foi completa em 75 'por cento' dos casos. RESULTADOS - O número dos EIA foi reduzido de 162 (9 sintomáticos) no pré-operatório para, apenas, 4 no pós-operatório (p<0,05). Nos dois pacientes com EIA no operatório, estudo cinecoronariográfico confirmou obstruçäo de enxertos aortocoronários. A análise das FC no início e pico dos EIA sugeriram envolvimento de mecanismo de reduçÝo de oferta e aumento de consumo de oxigênio pelo miocárdio. CONCLUSÄO - A CRM eliminou os episódio isquêmicos relacionados ou näo ao aumento da FC. Quando os EIA encontram-se presentes após CRM, devemos considerar a possibilidade de oclusäo de enxerto.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Ischemia/surgery , Myocardial Revascularization , Electrocardiography, Ambulatory , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To identify the principal forms of cardiac amiloydosis presentation in a terciary hospital. METHODS: Eight cases with cardiac amyloidosis were identified. Five were women, their ages ranged from 23 to 83 years (mean 62). After a medical history and clinical examination the patients were submitted to complementary tests: electrocardiogram (EKG), echocardiogram (ECHO), scintigraphy with technecium pirophosphate and cardiac biopsy these results allowed the identification of their clinical situation. RESULTS: Seven patients referred dyspnea, 6 were in heart failure, 1 patient had syncope. The EKG identified complete atrioventricular (AV) block in 4 patients, and antero septal inactive area in the other 4. The ECHO showed normal cardiac diameter in all (mean left ventricular diastolic diameter of 46.8) and slight reduction of left ventricular ejection fraction; hypertrophy of the left ventricular septal and posterior walls in all cases, in 7 cases there was a hyper refractile granular sparkling ECHO. Two different groups were identified: one with complete AV block and the second with restrictive cardiomyopathy. The prognosis was different in these two groups. Those with complete AV block evolved better after pacemaker implantation and those with restrictive cardiomyopathy had refractory heart failure and 3 of them died. CONCLUSION: The increased free wall and septal thickness, the slight systolic dysfunction and the infiltration aspect at ECHO allow us to identify the great majority of the cases. Those patients with restrictive cardiomyopathy evolve with refractory heart failure and most of them die in a few months.
Subject(s)
Amyloidosis/diagnosis , Heart Diseases/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Dyspnea , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Block , Heart Failure , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , PrognosisABSTRACT
OBJETIVO - Avaliar as formas de apresentaçäo da amilóidose cardíaca em hospital terciário. MÉTODOS - Nos últimos 15 anos, foram identificados 8 pacientes com amilóidose, sendo 5 mulheres, com idades entre 23 e 83 (média 62) anos. Após anamnese e exame físico foram submetidos a eletrocardiograma (ECG), ecocardiograma (ECO), estudo com pirosfofato de tecnécio e biópsia endomiocárdica, cujos resultados permitiram caracterizar suas formas clínicas. RESULTADOS - Sete pacientes apresentavam dispnéia aos esforços, 6 quadro de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC), 1 síncopes. O ECG identificou bloqueio atrioventricular total (BAVT) em 4 casos e área eletricamente inativa ântero-septal em outros 4. O ECG mostrou diâmetros normais em todos e fraçäo de ejeçÝo discretamente reduzida em 6. Hipertrofia do septo e parede posterior em todos, sendo em 7 com aspecto sugestivo de doença de depósito (aspecto granuloso). Os dados clínicos caracterizam dois grupos. um com BAVT e outro com cardiomiopatia restritiva. A evoluçäo foi difrente com melhora clínica após o implante de marcapasso no primeiro grupo e má evoluçäo no grupo com cardiomiopatia restritiva que evoluiu de maneira refratária, 3 falecendo em menos de 6 meses após diagnóstico. CONCLUSÄO - A presença de aumento da espessura das paredes ao ECO, discreta disfunçäo sistólica e aspecto de doença de depósito identifiram a quase totalidade dos casos. Cardiomiopatia restritiva e distúrbio de conduçÝo foram as formas de apresentaçäo, sendo o prognóstico muito reservado nos pacientes com forma restritiva, evoluindo para ICC refratária
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Middle Aged , Amyloidosis/complications , Cardiomyopathies/complications , Aged, 80 and over , Amyloidosis/diagnosis , Program Evaluation/methods , Biopsy , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Echocardiography , Electrocardiography , PrognosisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical symptoms and echocardiographic findings in elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis and possible gender differences. METHODS: We studied 54 patients, 24 (44.5%) males and 30 (55.5%) females aged 80.7 +/- 5.2 years with severe aortic stenosis. The following variables were analyzed: presence of clinical manifestations (dyspnea, angina, and syncope) and echocardiographic indices (left ventricular [LV] dimensions, ejection fraction [EF], and mass index). RESULTS: Dyspnea was the most frequent symptom with overall prevalence of 44%. EF was lower than 50% in only 2 patients. There were no gender differences in the prevalence of any of the clinical manifestations. Male patients had higher LV volumes (p < 0.05) and lower EF (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The data showing dyspnea as the most common clinical manifestation; EF > 50%; lower LV volumes and greater EF in female patients suggest that the adaptive mechanisms to this condition may be different between the two sexes.
Subject(s)
Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/physiopathology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Severity of Illness Index , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the influence of age on response to pravastatin treatment in patients treated by community physicians. METHODS: According to age, 873 patients were divided in three groups: group A with ages ranging from 45 to 59 years (n = 55), group B with ages from 60 to 64 years (n = 182) and group C with ages from 65 to 70 years (n = 143). After four weeks only with diet orientation, patients received 10 mg/day of pravastatin for 12 weeks. RESULTS: There was a greater prevalence of risk factors in elderly patients: hypertension (45.7%, 54.4% and 57.1% in groups A, B and C respectively p = 0.0165), diabetes mellitus (9.3%, 17.6% and 25.8% respectively in groups A, B and C p < 0.0001), and previous heart disease (23.1%, 34.3% and 34.7% in groups A, B and C respectively p < 0.001). During the period of diet orientation there was a similar total cholesterol reduction in the three groups (about 10.5%), the reduction reached 30.0% with the introduction of pravastatin for 12 weeks. Low density cholesterol level decreased during the diet period in the three groups (about 10.5%), pravastatin prescription induced further reduction (about 31.7%). The high density cholesterol level (HDL) increased significantly with pravastatin treatment (12.7%). After pravastatin treatment the increase in HDL levels was more significantly among those patients with initial low levels of HDL (< 35 mg/dL) in the three groups. CONCLUSION: In patients selected by community physicians to receive lipid lowering therapy, increased age was associated with greater prevalence of risk factors and heart disease. Regardless of age, there was a good response to pravastatin treatment, however less than half of patients had received treatment prior to the protocol.
