El inexorable avance de la Leishmaniasis: Comunicación del primer caso autóctono en la Provincia de Córdoba / O Avanço Inexorável Da Leishmaniose: Comunicação Do Primeiro Caso Autóctone Na Província De Córdoba / The Relentless Progress Of Leishmaniasis: Report Of The First Autochthonous Case In The Province Of Cordoba

El objetivo del presente trabajo es la comunicación del primer caso de leishmaniasis cutánea (LC) en laprovincia de Córdoba, en el mes de Noviembre del año 2014. No existen reportes anteriores de casosautóctonos en el territorio provincial. El equipo de trabajo de la Cátedra de Parasitología y MicologíaMédicas, FCM, UNC, viene advirtiendo sobre los efectos del calentamiento global para la saludpública, hecho que favorece el avance de la frontera epidemiológica de enfermedades transmitidas porvectores - la leishmaniasis es un ejemplo de estaafirmación-. La zoonosis se ha diagnosticado en unpaciente de Unquillo, localidad serrana, distante pocomás de 20 km de la capital de Córdoba, Argentina. Eldiagnóstico ha sido corroborado mediante biopsias detejido, de manera indubitable a través de la observacióndel parásito. La deforestación para las explotaciones agrícolas, producción de madera, la generaciónde barrios cerrados en la periferia de las ciudades, las migraciones humanas provenientesde áreas endémicas y el aumento global de la temperatura son los factores que favorecenlas nuevas radicaciones de esta patología.8 Esta enfermedad tiene alto impacto sanitarioy su vector debe ser combatida a través de programas sanitarios permanentes. La LC estáampliamente distribuida en América y hay representaciones desde la época precolombinaen cerámicas y huacos antropomórfi cos con lesiones propias de esta patología.1, 7, 8 Elagente etiológico es un parásito transmitido por un pequeño insecto –Lutzomya.- produceúlceras crónicas y mutilaciones por destrucción de cartílagos nasales y laríngeos. Entendemosprioritario informar la emergencia de de la enfermedad, generar las conductaspreventivas, de promoción de salud y poner al corriente a todo el equipo de salud de supresencia en nuestro medio...

The objective of this work is to report the fi rst case of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in theprovince of Cordoba, in the month of November, 2014. There are no previous reports ofautochthonous cases in the province. The work team from the Chair of Medical Parasitologyand Mycology. School of Medicine, National University of Cordoba, has been raisingwarning fl ags regarding the effects of global warming on public health, since it stimulatesthe advance of the epidemiologic boundary of vector transmitted diseases; leishmaniasisis an example of this statement. This zoonosis has been diagnosed in a patient from Unquillo,a mountainous region, little more than 20 km away from the capital of Cordoba,Argentina. The diagnosis has been checked with tissue biopsies, undoubtedly throughparasite observation.Deforestation for agriculture and wood production, the generation of closed neighborhoodsin the surroundings of cities, the migration of people coming from endemic areasand the global increase of temperatures are the factors which favor the new settlements ofthis pathology.8 This disease has a great impact on health and its vector has to be foughtagainst through permanent health programs. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is greatly spread inAmerica and representations can be found since pre-Columbian times in pottery and anthropomorphichuacos showing lesions corresponding to this pathology.1, 7, 8 The etiologicagent is a parasite transmitted by a small insect, Lutzomyia; it produces chronic ulcers andmutilation due to the destruction of nose and larynx cartilages. It is a priority to informabout the emergency of the disease, generate preventive actions of health promotion andlet all the health team know about the existence of the disease in our setting...

Determinación de anticuerpos IGG anti-toxocara canis en estudiantes de Medicina / Determination of igg antibodies anti-toxocara canis in medical students

La Toxocariasis en una infección causada por el estadio larval de un nematodo del género Toxocara (con más frecuencia T. canis y rara vez T. cati), y es adquirida por ingestión de tierra y alimentos contaminados con huevos embrionados de dicho parásito provenientes de materia fecal animal. El objetivo fue determinar si la presencia del perro y el contacto frecuente con él representa un riesgo mayor para la infección en poblaciones sanas sin manifestaciones de síntomas clínicos de la enfermedad. Método: mediante el método de ELISA se determinaron los niveles de anticuerpos contra Toxocara canis, en dos poblaciones, una poseedora de perro (183 alumnos del tercer año de la carrera de medicina, de entre 21 y 23 años de edad, provenientes de todo el país, presentados voluntariamente para el estudio, con perro como mascota) y otra testigo (30 individuos aspirantes a policías, de entre 20 a 25 años de edad, que no poseen perro como mascota). Resultados: de las 183 muestras analizadas de la primera población (estudiantes de medicina), 25 resultaron positivas, lo que demuestra una prevalencia del 13,67 %. En los no poseedores de perro la prevalencia fue del 3,33 %. Conclusiones: si bien el porcentaje de positividad en ambas poblaciones fue bajo, se puede apreciar una mayor prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-Toxocara canis en los alumnos de medicina, lo que sugiere que el contacto permanente con el animal favorece la infección parasitaria. Por lo tanto, es de suma importancia educar a la población en cuanto al cuidado y control veterinario de su mascota, y extremar las medidas de higiene para evitar la propagación de ésta y otras parasitosis.(AU)

Toxocariasis in an infection caused by the larval stage of a nematode parasite, the Toxocara (T. canis more often and T. cati ,rarely), and it is acquired by ingestion of contaminated dirt or food by embryonated eggs of the parasite coming from animal feces. The aim was to determine whether the presence of a dog and frequent contact with it imply a greater risk for infection in healthy populations without evidence of clinical symptoms of the disease. Method: Using ELISA method, the levels of antibodies against Toxocara canis were determined in two populations: a group of dog owners (183 students in the third year of medical school, between 21 and 23 years old, from different areas of the country who voluntarily submitted for the study, with a dog as a pet) and a control group (30 would-be policemen, aged 20-25, who do not own a pet dog). Results: Out of the 183 samples analyzed from the first population (medical students), 25 were positive, showing a prevalence of 13.67%. In the population with no dogs, the prevalence was 3.33%. Conclusions: Although the percentage of positivity in both populations was low, a higher prevalence of Toxocara canis antibodies can be seen in the medical students, suggesting that contact with the animal favors parasitic infection. Therefore, it is extremely important to educate the population as regards care and veterinary control of pets, and to maximize hygiene measures to prevent the spread of this and other parasites.(AU)

Determinación de anticuerpos IGG anti-toxocara canis en estudiantes de Medicina / Determination of igg antibodies anti-toxocara canis in medical students

La Toxocariasis en una infección causada por el estadio larval de un nematodo del género Toxocara (con más frecuencia T. canis y rara vez T. cati), y es adquirida por ingestión de tierra y alimentos contaminados con huevos embrionados de dicho parásito provenientes de materia fecal animal. El objetivo fue determinar si la presencia del perro y el contacto frecuente con él representa un riesgo mayor para la infección en poblaciones sanas sin manifestaciones de síntomas clínicos de la enfermedad. Método: mediante el método de ELISA se determinaron los niveles de anticuerpos contra Toxocara canis, en dos poblaciones, una poseedora de perro (183 alumnos del tercer año de la carrera de medicina, de entre 21 y 23 años de edad, provenientes de todo el país, presentados voluntariamente para el estudio, con perro como mascota) y otra testigo (30 individuos aspirantes a policías, de entre 20 a 25 años de edad, que no poseen perro como mascota). Resultados: de las 183 muestras analizadas de la primera población (estudiantes de medicina), 25 resultaron positivas, lo que demuestra una prevalencia del 13,67 %. En los no poseedores de perro la prevalencia fue del 3,33 %. Conclusiones: si bien el porcentaje de positividad en ambas poblaciones fue bajo, se puede apreciar una mayor prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-Toxocara canis en los alumnos de medicina, lo que sugiere que el contacto permanente con el animal favorece la infección parasitaria. Por lo tanto, es de suma importancia educar a la población en cuanto al cuidado y control veterinario de su mascota, y extremar las medidas de higiene para evitar la propagación de ésta y otras parasitosis.

Toxocariasis in an infection caused by the larval stage of a nematode parasite, the Toxocara (T. canis more often and T. cati ,rarely), and it is acquired by ingestion of contaminated dirt or food by embryonated eggs of the parasite coming from animal feces. The aim was to determine whether the presence of a dog and frequent contact with it imply a greater risk for infection in healthy populations without evidence of clinical symptoms of the disease. Method: Using ELISA method, the levels of antibodies against Toxocara canis were determined in two populations: a group of dog owners (183 students in the third year of medical school, between 21 and 23 years old, from different areas of the country who voluntarily submitted for the study, with a dog as a pet) and a control group (30 would-be policemen, aged 20-25, who do not own a pet dog). Results: Out of the 183 samples analyzed from the first population (medical students), 25 were positive, showing a prevalence of 13.67%. In the population with no dogs, the prevalence was 3.33%. Conclusions: Although the percentage of positivity in both populations was low, a higher prevalence of Toxocara canis antibodies can be seen in the medical students, suggesting that contact with the animal favors parasitic infection. Therefore, it is extremely important to educate the population as regards care and veterinary control of pets, and to maximize hygiene measures to prevent the spread of this and other parasites.

Regulation of parathyroid hormone-related peptide by estradiol: effect on tumor growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo.

We evaluated the capacity of estradiol (E(2)) to regulate PTHrP production, cell growth, tumor growth, and metastasis to the skeleton in breast cancer. In estrogen receptor (ER)-negative human breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, and cells transfected with full-length cDNA encoding ER (S-30), E(2) caused a marked decrease in cell growth and PTHrP production, effects that were abrogated by anti-E(2) tamoxifen. E(2) also inhibited PTHrP promoter activity in S-30 cells. For in vivo studies, MDA-MB-231 and S-30 cells were inoculated into the mammary fat pad of female BALB/c nu.nu mice. Animals receiving S-30 cells developed tumors of significantly smaller volume compared with MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing animals. This change in tumor volume was reversed when S-30 cells were inoculated into ovariectomized (OVX) hosts. Inoculation of MDA-MB-231 cells into the left ventricle resulted in the development of lesions in femora and tibia as determined by x-ray analysis. In contrast, these lesions were significantly smaller in volume and number in animals inoculated with S-30, and this lower incidence was reversed in OVX animals. Bone histological analysis showed that the tumor volume to tissue volume ratio was comparable with that seen by x-ray. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that PTHrP production was inhibited in S-30 group and restored to levels comparable to that seen in MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing animals when S-30 cells were inoculated in OVX animals. Collectively these studies show that E(2) production is inversely correlated with PTHrP production and that the growth-promoting effect of PTHrP has a direct impact on tumor growth at both nonskeletal and skeletal sites.

[Larva migrans syndrome or ocular toxocariasis]. / Síndrome de larvas migrantes o Toxocariasis ocular.

Thirteen cases of ocular toxocariasis attended in the Oftalmology Service of the Pediatric Hospital "Niño Jesús", from Córdoba; and in the Parasitology and Micology Cathedra of the Medicine Collegue of the University of Córdoba were studied from July 1993 till July 1995. The authors determine the needs of taking into account this parasitosis; above all in children and with the antecedent of contact with pets.

Síndrome de larvas migrantes o Toxocariasis ocular. / [Larva migrans syndrome or ocular toxocariasis]

Thirteen cases of ocular toxocariasis attended in the Oftalmology Service of the Pediatric Hospital [quot ]Niño Jesús[quot ], from Córdoba; and in the Parasitology and Micology Cathedra of the Medicine Collegue of the University of Córdoba were studied from July 1993 till July 1995. The authors determine the needs of taking into account this parasitosis; above all in children and with the antecedent of contact with pets.

[Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis reactivated in the puberty]. / Retinocoroiditis toxoplasmósicas reactivadas en la pubertad.

By a clinical-infectious and ophthalmologic examination that includes serologic studies, we found that 17 cases of retinochoroiditis reactivated in the puberty.

Retinocoroiditis toxoplasmósicas reactivadas en la pubertad. / [Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis reactivated in the puberty]

By a clinical-infectious and ophthalmologic examination that includes serologic studies, we found that 17 cases of retinochoroiditis reactivated in the puberty.