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1.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 134(8): 333-339, mar. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-82737

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: Los ancianos que presentan un síndrome coronario agudo, y especialmente las mujeres, constituyen un subgrupo con elevadísima morbimortalidad. Intentamos conocer su evolución, tratamiento recibido y factores que determinan su pronóstico. Pacientes y método: Se recogieron retrospectivamente datos de las mujeres de 75 años o más ingresadas en nuestro hospital por infarto de miocardio (IAM) transmural (años 2002-2007), y se incluyeron variables epidemiológicas, las complicaciones vasculares y la incidencia de episodios hospitalarios y a medio plazo. Los datos se analizaron según hubiesen recibido o no tratamiento de repercusión al ingreso. Se investigaron los factores asociados a la ausencia de tratamiento revascularizador y a la mortalidad. Resultados: Se incluyeron 195 mujeres, con una edad media de 82,7 años. Un 33% eran diabéticas, el 41% presentó IAM de localización anterior y un 26,2% mostraba grados Killip III-IV al ingreso. Se realizó tratamiento de revascularización en fase aguda al 25,6%. La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue del 28,7% y la mortalidad a los 6 meses fue del 39,8%. La incidencia de eventos cardíacos mayores adversos al año fue del 45,7%.Resultados: La edad, la presencia de bloqueo de rama izquierda o ritmo de marcapasos en el electrocardiograma inicial, el retraso en la demanda de atención médica y el retraso diagnóstico dificultaban la administración de tratamiento en fase aguda. La mortalidad fue 2,7 veces menor en el grupo tratado, a pesar del mayor riesgo de complicaciones hemorrágicas. La ausencia de tratamiento revascularizador, el grado Killip elevado y la baja fracción de eyección fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad. Conclusiones: El IAM en ancianas continua siendo una patología con elevada morbimortalidad. Estas pacientes reciben escaso tratamiento revascularizador en fase aguda a pesar de su aparente beneficio en la reducción de la mortalidad (AU)


Background and objective: Elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes, particularly elderly women, suffer higher mortality and more morbidity than their younger counterparts. We try to document the outcome, treatment received and prognostic factors in this group. Patients and method: All data for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in women aged ¡Ý 75 admitted to our hospital from 2002 to 2007 were retrospectively collected, including epidemiological and clinical variables, vascular complications, in-hospital outcome and middle-term follow-up. These data were analysed and compared depending on reperfusion therapy or not on admission. We determined the causes of not receiving this therapy and the causes of mortality. Results: A total of 195 females were identified. Mean age was 82.7, diabetics 33% and 41% had anterior wall myocardial infarction. Killip III-IV was found in 26.2%. 25.6% of patients underwent reperfusion therapy. In-hospital mortality was 28.7% and 6-months mortality was 39.8%. During one-year follow-up, the major cardiac events rate in these patients was 45.7%.Results: Age, left bundle-branch block o pacemaker rhythm in the electrocardiogram, delayed admission and medical decision were associated with lower reperfusion therapy rates. Death rate was clearly lower (2.7 times) in treated patients although relative risk of bleeding complications was higher. The absence of reperfusion therapy, high Killip on admission and low left ventricular ejection fraction were independently associated with higher mortality. Conclusions: Acute myocardial infarction in elderly women remains a high morbidity and mortality pathology. This group is less likely to receive acute reperfusion therapies, which have apparently been proven to improve outcome and decrease the mortality rate (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Myocardial Revascularization/methods , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Retrospective Studies , Thrombolytic Therapy/methods , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary/methods
2.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 134(8): 333-9, 2010 Mar 20.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19892377

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Elderly patients with acute coronary syndromes, particularly elderly women, suffer higher mortality and more morbidity than their younger counterparts. We try to document the outcome, treatment received and prognostic factors in this group. PATIENTS AND METHOD: All data for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in women aged >/= 75 admitted to our hospital from 2002 to 2007 were retrospectively collected, including epidemiological and clinical variables, vascular complications, in-hospital outcome and middle-term follow-up. These data were analysed and compared depending on reperfusion therapy or not on admission. We determined the causes of not receiving this therapy and the causes of mortality. RESULTS: A total of 195 females were identified. Mean age was 82.7, diabetics 33% and 41% had anterior wall myocardial infarction. Killip III-IV was found in 26.2%. 25.6% of patients underwent reperfusion therapy. In-hospital mortality was 28.7% and 6-months mortality was 39.8%. During one-year follow-up, the major cardiac events rate in these patients was 45.7%. Age, left bundle-branch block o pacemaker rhythm in the electrocardiogram, delayed admission and medical decision were associated with lower reperfusion therapy rates. Death rate was clearly lower (2.7 times) in treated patients although relative risk of bleeding complications was higher. The absence of reperfusion therapy, high Killip on admission and low left ventricular ejection fraction were independently associated with higher mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Acute myocardial infarction in elderly women remains a high morbidity and mortality pathology. This group is less likely to receive acute reperfusion therapies, which have apparently been proven to improve outcome and decrease the mortality rate.


Subject(s)
Myocardial Infarction/mortality , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Aged, 80 and over , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Electrocardiography , Female , Humans , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Myocardial Reperfusion , Retrospective Studies , Thrombolytic Therapy
3.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 16(5): 543-547, nov. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-836576

ABSTRACT

Los aneurismas coronarios son una patología infrecuente, con una incidencia variable según la población estudiada. La causa más frecuente es la aterosclerosis coronaria, por lo que suele asociarse a estenosis en las coronarias. Realizamos una revisión de todos los estudios angiográficos efectuados en los últimos 10 años en nuestro laboratorio, más de 12 000 pacientes. Trece pacientes mostraron dilataciones aneurismáticas en las coronarias sin relación con estenosis adyacentes. El motivo de ingreso fue un síndrome coronario agudo en la mayoría de los casos, lo que pone de manifiesto la elevada morbilidad asociada de esta patología. Tiene una clara relación con el sexo masculino, sin que hayamos podido encontrar una explicación para esta asociación. A pesar de la ausencia de estenosis coronarias asociadas, creemos que la enfermedad aterosclerótica podría ser su causa etiológica. Debido a la ausencia de grandes registros no se conoce la evolución real de los aneurismas coronarios sin estenosis significativas asociadas y de probable etiología aterosclerótica. En función de nuestra experiencia y de la revisión bibliográfica efectuada, el tratamiento farmacológico conservador es una buena opción en la mayor parte de los pacientes, con buen pronóstico en la evolución a mediano y largo plazo.


Subject(s)
Coronary Aneurysm/classification , Coronary Aneurysm/diagnosis , Carotid Artery Diseases , Aneurysm , Angiography , Cardiovascular Diseases , Carotid Artery Thrombosis , Risk
4.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 20(5): 359-362, sept.-oct. 2008. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-67483

ABSTRACT

Las taquicardias regulares de QRS estrecho constituyen una patología frecuente en la práctica de los servicios de urgencia. El diagnóstico diferencial incluye taquicardias por reentrada aurículo-ventricular (intranodal o mediada por vía accesoria) y taquicardia auricular/flutter auricular. El tratamiento con maniobras vagales y adenosina es una práctica habitual ante este tipo de taquicardias. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con antecedentes de fibrilación auricular paroxística, en tratamiento habitual con flecainida, que presentó taquicardia regular de QRS estrecho a 205 lpm. Tras administrar adenosinase enlenteció transitoriamente la frecuencia cardiaca, para posteriormente presentar una taquicardia regular de QRS ancho a la misma frecuencia cardiaca de morfología aparentemente ventricular. Se trataba de un flutter auricular 1C con conducción aurículo-ventricular 1:1 con gran aberrancia de conducción debido al tratamiento con flecainiday favorecida puntualmente por el bloqueo aurículo-ventricular transitorio generado por la adenosina (AU)


Regular tachycardia with a narrow QRS complex is a common presenting complaint in emergency departments. The differential diagnosis includes atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (intranodal or accessory pathway-mediated) and trial tachycardia (atrial flutter). These types of tachycardia are commonly treated using vagal maneuvers and adenosine.We describe a patient with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation receiving regular treatment with flecainide who presented with a regular narrow QRS-complex tachycardia (205 beats/min). After administration of adenosine the heartrate slowed briefly; there followed regular wide QRS-complex tachycardia at the same rate as before and apparently ventricular in origin. The patient was in class 1C atrial flutter with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction; severe conduction disturbance due to flecainide treatment was intermittently exacerbated by the adenosine-induced atrioventricular block (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tachycardia/drug therapy , Adenosine/therapeutic use , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis , Heart Rate , Heart Rate/physiology , Ambulatory Care , Flecainide/therapeutic use , First Aid/methods , Emergency Medicine/methods , Emergency Medicine/standards
5.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 128(6): 211-3, 2007 Feb 17.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17335724

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Drug eluting stents have demonstrated their superiority versus bare metal stents in the reduction of restenosis and major adverse cardiac events. Most studies do not identificate differences between rapamycin and paclitaxel eluting stent. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Retrospective study. We identified all patients treated with rapamycin eluting stents or paclitaxel eluting stents during 2003 and 2004 in our center. We analized major adverse cardiac events incidence in the whole group and we investigated for differences between paclitaxel and rapamicin groups. RESULTS: 170 patients were included. 98 treated with rapamycin eluting stents and 72 with paclitaxel eluting stents. Medium follow up was 365 days. There were no differences between groups in demographic or periprocedural variables. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events was 3.5% in the entire group (2.0% in rapamycin group and 5.6% in paclitaxel group; p = 0.43). CONCLUSIONS: Drug eluting stents show a low incidence of major adverse cardiac events when they are utilized in usual clinical practice. With regard to this, we have not found differences between most used devices in our environment, rapamycin eluting stents and paclitaxel eluting stents.


Subject(s)
Coronary Stenosis/therapy , Drug Delivery Systems , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Sirolimus/administration & dosage , Stents , Combined Modality Therapy , Drug Delivery Systems/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Stents/adverse effects , Time Factors
6.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 128(6): 211-213, feb. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-051349

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: Los stents liberadores de fármacos han logrado una reducción en la incidencia de eventos clínicos y reestenosis respecto a los stents convencionales. La mayoría de los trabajos no muestra diferencias entre los stents liberadores de rapamicina y de paclitaxol. Pacientes y método: Estudio retrospectivo en el que se seleccionó a todos los pacientes tratados con stents recubiertos de rapamicina o paclitaxol durante los años 2003 y 2004 en nuestro centro. Analizamos la incidencia de eventos cardíacos mayores adversos en el total de pacientes y estudiamos si hubo diferencias entre ambos tipos de stents. Resultados: Se incluyó a 170 pacientes, 98 tratados con stent de rapamicina y 72 con stent de paclitaxol, con un seguimiento medio de 395 días. No hubo diferencias demográficas entre ambos grupos ni en las variables relacionadas con el procedimiento. La incidencia de eventos cardíacos mayores fue del 3,5% (el 2,0% en el grupo rapamicina y el 5,6% en el de paclitaxol; p = 0,43). Conclusiones: Los stents liberadores de fármacos presentan una baja incidencia de eventos cardíacos mayores cuando son utilizados en la práctica clínica habitual. A este respecto, no hemos hallado diferencias entre los dispositivos más utilizados en nuestro medio, el stent liberador de rapamicina y el liberador de paclitaxol


Background and objective: Drug eluting stents have demonstrated their superiority versus bare metal stents in the reduction of restenosis and major adverse cardiac events. Most studies do not identificate differences between rapamycin and paclitaxel eluting stent. Patients and method: Retrospective study. We identified all patients treated with rapamycin eluting stents or paclitaxel eluting stents during 2003 and 2004 in our center. We analized major adverse cardiac events incidence in the whole group and we investigated for differences between paclitaxel and rapamicin groups. Results: 170 patients were included. 98 treated with rapamycin eluting stents and 72 with paclitaxel eluting stents. Medium follow up was 365 days. There were no differences between groups in demographic or periprocedural variables. The incidence of major adverse cardiac events was 3.5% in the entire group (2.0% in rapamycin group and 5.6% in paclitaxel group; p = 0.43). Conclusions: Drug eluting stents show a low incidence of major adverse cardiac events when they are utilized in usual clinical practice. With regard to this, we have not found differences between most used devices in our environment, rapamycin eluting stents and paclitaxel eluting stents


Subject(s)
Humans , Paclitaxel/administration & dosage , Sirolimus/administration & dosage , Infusion Pumps, Implantable/adverse effects , Constriction, Pathologic/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Catheters, Indwelling/adverse effects , Assisted Circulation/methods
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