ABSTRACT
Adolescent unmedicated ADHD males and age- and sex-matched normal control subjects were examined simultaneously using EEG and EDA measures in a resting eyes-open condition. ADHD adolescents showed increased absolute and relative Theta and Alpha1 activity, reduced relative Beta activity, reduced skin conductance level (SCL) and a reduced number of non-specific skin conductance responses (NS.SCRs) compared with the control subjects. Our findings indicate the continuation of increased slow wave activity in ADHD adolescents and the presence of a state of autonomic hypoarousal in this clinical group.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Electroencephalography , Galvanic Skin Response , Adolescent , Alpha Rhythm , Beta Rhythm , Child , Fourier Analysis , Humans , Male , Reference Values , Theta RhythmABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to explore elements of the maturational and cortical hypoarousal models in adolescent ADHD, by examining EEG activity in a rest eyes open condition, in 26 adolescent unmedicated ADHD males and 26 age and sex matched normal controls. ADHD adolescents were found to have increased anterior EEG absolute theta activity and reduced posterior relative beta activity compared with controls. These results lend some support to the continuation of a maturational lag and reduced cortical arousal in adolescent ADHD. These measures need to be further explored using concomitant EEG with electrodermal measures of arousal.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology , Electroencephalography , Adolescent , Child , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Accuracy of body image, stereotypic preference, and aversion to body types were investigated in two studies. Using line drawings of 19 somatotypes in three orientations, 160 subjects in four age groups selected preferred, least preferred, and self-estimates of their own body types. Five independent ratings were made by judges of the subjects' body type. Females underestimated and males tended to overestimate their body dimensions. Both sexes overwhelmingly chose the endomorph as the least preferred somatotype. The consensus among females was to prefer slim figures and among males to prefer a medium muscular physique. In the second study three aspects of body image were studied by adjusting one's image on a television monitor that displayed a whole continuum of self-images from ectomorphy to endomorphy. Subjective body images were found to lie between the objective somatotype and the ideal.
