ABSTRACT
ANTECEDENTES Y OBJETIVOS: Los programas de Patient blood management (PBM) han demostrado su valor en la mejora continua de la práctica asistencial, gracias a la revisión sistemática de resultados y a su actualización dinámica y multidisciplinar, de acuerdo con las nuevas evidencias clínicas. Nuestro objetivo es demostrar la efectividad y seguridad de protocolos sencillos, aplicables en hospitales de segundo nivel. PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS: Se han analizado retrospectivamente 702 pacientes intervenidos de artroplastia programada desde 2011 hasta 2018. Durante este periodo se ha registrado en la historia clínica de los pacientes la evolución transfusional y el manejo de la anemia y el sangrado. RESULTADOS: Fases y tasas de transfusión: año 2011-2012 «Programa autodonación universal»: 62,4%; año 2013 «inicio optimización de hemoglobina preoperatoria y retirada autodonación universal» 22,5%; año 2015 «suspensión del uso de recuperadores y los drenajes» 13,2%; y año 2017 «inicio de uso de ácido tranexámico (ATX)» 3,6%. Se ha conseguido una reducción significativa de la tasa y el número de concentrados de hematíes transfundidos (p < 0,001) y de la estancia media hospitalaria (de 8 a 6 días) (p < 0,001). En los modelos multivariantes los pacientes transfundidos tienen 0,5 días más de estancia y se observa una tendencia a la reducción en complicaciones, siendo menores en los pacientes que reciben ATX (OR 0,44). CONCLUSIÓN: Un programa PBM sencillo, progresivo y multidisciplinar, con reevaluación continuada, ha permitido reducir la transfusión y la estancia media hospitalaria en un hospital de segundo nivel
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The "Patient Blood Management" (PBM) programmes have demonstrated their value in the continuous improvement of care practice, due to continuous systematic reviewing of results and their dynamic and multidisciplinary updating in accordance with new clinical evidence. Our goal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of simple protocols, applicable in second level hospitals. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 702 patients undergoing scheduled arthroplasty from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively analysed. During this period, the evolution of transfusion rates and anaemia and bleeding management were recorded in the patients' computerised clinical histories. RESULTS: Stages and transfusion rates were: Year 2011-2012, "Universal self-donation programme": 62.4%; year 2013, "Optimization of preoperative haemoglobin and universal self-donation withdrawal", 22.5%; year 2015, "Stopping the use of cell-savers and drains", 13.2%; and year 2017, "Introduction of routine tranexamic acid", 3.6%. A significant reduction in the transfusion rate and volume (P<.001) and the average hospital stay (8 to 6 days) (P<.001) was achieved. In multivariate models, transfused patients have a .5-day stay and there is a trend towards a reduction in complications, being fewer in patients receiving tranexamic acid (OR .44). CONCLUSION: A simple progressive and multidisciplinary PBM programme, with continued re-evaluation, has allowed a reduction in transfusion rates and average hospital stay
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee , Treatment Outcome , Anemia/diagnosis , Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Cohort Studies , Blood Transfusion/standards , Retrospective Studies , Preoperative Care , Anemia/therapy , Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Antibiotic ProphylaxisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The "Patient Blood Management" (PBM) programmes have demonstrated their value in the continuous improvement of care practice, due to continuous systematic reviewing of results and their dynamic and multidisciplinary updating in accordance with new clinical evidence. Our goal is to demonstrate the effectiveness of simple protocols, applicable in second level hospitals. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 702 patients undergoing scheduled arthroplasty from 2011 to 2018 were retrospectively analysed. During this period, the evolution of transfusion rates and anaemia and bleeding management were recorded in the patients' computerised clinical histories. RESULTS: Stages and transfusion rates were: Year 2011-2012, "Universal self-donation programme": 62.4%; year 2013, "Optimization of preoperative haemoglobin and universal self-donation withdrawal", 22.5%; year 2015, "Stopping the use of cell-savers and drains", 13.2%; and year 2017, "Introduction of routine tranexamic acid", 3.6%. A significant reduction in the transfusion rate and volume (P<.001) and the average hospital stay (8 to 6 days) (P<.001) was achieved. In multivariate models, transfused patients have a .5-day stay and there is a trend towards a reduction in complications, being fewer in patients receiving tranexamic acid (OR .44). CONCLUSION: A simple progressive and multidisciplinary PBM programme, with continued re-evaluation, has allowed a reduction in transfusion rates and average hospital stay.
