CD36 AA genotype is associated with decreased lipid taste perception in young obese, but not lean, children.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Obesity is an alarming threat for all age groups, including children. Fat overconsumption is one of the factors that directly influences this pathology. Recent studies have suggested that a common variant in the CD36 gene, that is, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1761667-A allele, that reduces CD36 expression, associates with high oral fat detection thresholds in some obese subjects. The objective was to assess fatty acid sensitivity in relation to CD36 SNP in young lean and obese children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: We studied lingual detection thresholds for emulsions, containing oleic acid, in Algerian children (n=116, age=8±0.5 years) who were divided into two groups: obese (n=57; body mass index (BMI) z-score=2.513±0.490) and lean children (n=59; BMI z-score=-0.138±0.601) by alternative-forced choice method. To correlate the lipid taste perception thresholds with CD36 SNP, the children were genotyped for A/G SNP rs1761667 in 5'UTR region of CD36 by using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: We noticed significantly higher CD36 A-allele frequency (P=0.036) in young obese children compared with leans. CD36 A-allele was associated with higher lipid taste perception thresholds than G-allele in obese children, but not in lean controls. Moreover, waist circumference was positively correlated with reduced fat taste sensitivity in these children. CONCLUSIONS: CD36 SNP A-allele, being present both in young lean and in obese children, is associated with high threshold for fatty acid taste sensitivity only in obese children.

[Our experience with sub-Tenon's anesthesia in ophthalmic surgery]. / Nase zkusenosti s ocní chirurgií v sub-Tenonské anestezii.

The goal of the paper is to refer to and to inform about our own experiences with the Sub-Tenon's anesthesia in the surgery of the anterior as well as posterior segment of the eye. In cataract surgery it is equally efficient as the retrobulbar, peribulbar or topic anesthesia, and it is safer because no sharp needle is used. We operate on the posterior segment in sub-Tenon's anesthesia in patients with contraindicated general anesthesia because of their advanced age, decompensated diabetes mellitus or hypertension, in whom the pars plana vitrectomy is the only possibility to improve the patients' vision. Using the sub-Tenon's anesthesia, about 13.000 cataract surgeries and 127 pars plana vitrectomies without complications were performed. The simple pars plana vitrectomy may be realized at the outpatient basis as well.

[Inflammatory pseudotumor of the orbit]. / Zánetlivý pseudotumor ocnice.

The authors present a patient who was hospitalized in their department due to indurative edema of the left lower eyelid. Computed tomography (CT) of the orbit confirmed the suspicion of tumor affection behind the globe. The general condition of the patient was not altered. Biopsy and following histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of inflammatory pseudotumor of the orbit. The patient was treated systemically with corticosteroids and the condition normalized.

[Malignant lymphoma of the orbit]. / Maligní lymfom orbity.

The authors describe a non-Hodgkin malignant large-cell B lymphoma with ample lymphocytes in a female patient with foci in the left breast and right orbit, with suspect skin foci and enlarged nodes in the mediastinum as revealed by computed tomography. In the differential diagnosis the authors reflected according to the course of the disease in addition to malignant lymphoma also on orbitocellulitis or a pseudotumour of the orbit. The remarkable feature is that the patient had already treatment on account of a multiple myeloma. The authors emphasize comprehensive treatment of the patient and the necessity of consultations with specialist of other medical disciplines associated with this disease. After radiotherapy total regression of the orbital finding occurred in the patient.