[Thrombosis in patients with malignancy].

Thrombosis traditionally considered as a complication of cardiovascular disease, however, this problem until recently was rarely taken into account in the presence of cancer. Although the association between cancer and thrombosis has been known almost 150 years ago, awareness of the impact of thrombotic complications have increased only now. Cancer is an independent major risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), which is the leading cause of death of cancer patient. The incidence of VTE is steadily increasing in these patients. Thrombotic events have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, and are associated with worsening of their short-term and long-term survival. The objective of this review is to summarize modern views on pathophysiology, as well as to outline new approaches to risk assessment, prevention and treatment of thrombosis in cancer patients.

[Association of renal function, telomere length and markers of chronic inflammation for patients without chronic kidney and cardiovascular diseases].

Most of people over 60 years of age have decreased renal function and the velocity of glomerular filtration rate reduction varies greatly. Presumably, one of the probable mechanisms of accelerated decline of renal function may be a shortening of telomere length due to chronic inflammation. The main purpose of research was to appreciate the association of renal function, leukocytes telomeres length and markers of chronic inflammation in patients without chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. 253 patients without chronic kidney diseases and cardiovascular diseases were included in the study. The average age of patients was 51,5±13,3 years. There were 172 women and 81 men. 55 patients had hypertension of 1-2 degree, 46 patients had normal renal function, 207 had mild failure of kidney function. Albuminuria was < 30 mg/day in all patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed statistically significant correlation between albuminuria level and telomere length (p=0,023), C reactive protein (p=0,047) and fibrinogen (p=0,001). Glomerular filtration rate, urea and creatinine were not associated with telomere length and markers of inflammation but were correlated well with age, p < 0,001. CONCLUSIONS: Albuminuria is mainly associated with chronic inflammation and telomere length (from all studied indices of renal function). Albuminuria may be regarded as a marker of replicative cell senescence and a therapeutic target for the prevention of renal function reduction.

[The age-related changes of the heart rate variability measurements: the role of the inflammation, oxidative stress and telomeres biology].

The autonomic and central nervous system, a number of humoral and reflex effects regulate the heart rate. The main role in the heart rate regulation belongs to the autonomic nervous system. A common method for studying the autonomic influences on the heart rate is the analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), which allows to evaluate the neuro-vegetative status of the organism, determine its adaptive capacity, to evaluate the level of stress and the degree of tension of regulatory systems. An age-related decrease of HRV measurements in healthy people reflects the weakening of the autonomic regulation of cardiac activity. The most pronounced changes are found in patients older than 60 years. The HRV depression is preceded by hemodynamic and metabolic disorders is associated with high cardiovascular risk and is a predictor of life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden death in the elderly.The reasons for HRV changes with age stay unclear. In the light of modern ideas about the mechanisms of aging, several complementary theories proposed. Telomere shortening, the role of oxidative stress and inflammation as possible mechanisms of age-related changes in the autonomic regulation of the heart rhythm, will be discussed in this article.

[Age-related Changes of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function, NT-proBNP Level and Their Association With Leukocyte Telomere Length].

UNLABELLED: With advancing age the left ventricle (LV) undergoes structural and functional changes, thereby creating the substrate for the development of diseases. One possible mechanism of the ageing of the heart is cellular senescence. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a marker of replicative ageing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diastolic function of LV and level of NT-proBNP in people of different ages free of cardiovascular diseases and to assess their relationship with LTL. Our data showed that old age is associated with diastolic dysfunction and increase in the levels of NT-proBNP. The group of older subjects had lower values of E/A (0.96 ± 0.036 vs 1.27 ± 0.03, p < 0.001), Em/Am (0.9 ± 0.035 vs 1.5 ± 0.066) and higher values of IVRT (81 ± 1.56 vs 70 ± 1.23 MS, p < 0.001), DT (198 ± 3.98 vs 175 ± 2.82 MS, p < 0.001), that reflected impairment of LV relaxation. NT-proBNP level was higher in the elderly (100.82 ± 7.1 vs 48.47 ± 6.7 ωg/ml, p < 0.01), but it did not correlate with LTL. The most sensitive to the age parameters of LV diastolic function (E/A and Em/Am ratio) were positively and independently of age associated with LTL (p < 0.001). Older individuals with shorter LTL had significantly lower values of E/A ratio. CONCLUSION: Telomere length appears to be a biomarker of myocardium ageing.

[Age-related Changes of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function, NT-proBNP Level and Their Association with Leukocyte Telomere Length].

With advancing age the left ventricle (LV) undergoes structural and functional changes, thereby creating the substrate for the development of diseases. One possible mechanism of the ageing of the heart is cellular senescence. Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is a marker of replicative ageing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diastolic function of LV and level of NT-proBNP in people of different ages free of cardiovascular diseases and to assess their relationship with LTL. Our data showed that old age is associated with diastolic dysfunction and increase in the levels of NT-proBNP. The group of older subjects had lower values of E/A (0.96+/-0.036 vs 1.27+/-0.03, p<0.001), Em/Am (0.9+/-0.035 vs 1.5+/-0.066) and higher values of IVRT (81+/-1.56 vs 70+/-1.23 s, p<0.001), DT (198+/-3.98 vs 175+/-2.82 s, p<0.001), that reflected impairment of LV relaxation. NT-proBNP level was higher in the elderly (100.82+/-7.1 vs 48.47+/-6.7 g/ml, p<0.01), but it did not correlate with LTL. The most sensitive to the age parameters of LV diastolic function (E/A and Em/Am ratio) were positively and independently of age associated with LTL (p<0.001). Older individuals with shorter LTL had significantly lower values of E/A ratio. CONCLUSION: Telomere length appears to be a biomarker of myocardium ageing.