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1.
Farmakol Toksikol ; 47(6): 50-3, 1984.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6519256

ABSTRACT

The authors studied the effect of mast cell population of a new group of synthetic heparin antagonists--quaternary ammonium salts of monodispersed conidine oligomers of different molecular masses and the effect of conidine monomer under the conditions of heparin neutralization and without preliminary administration of the anticoagulant. The conidine monomer was discovered to be a solitary compound that produced a significant shift of the mast cell population toward light forms. Administration of both conidine monomer and oligomers after the neutralization doses of heparin did not disturb the equilibrium of the mast cell population. At the same time no relationship was established between the changes in the status of labrocytes and molecular mass of conidine derivatives. Degranulation of mast cells remained significantly unchanged in all the series of experiments.


Subject(s)
Histamine Antagonists/pharmacology , Mast Cells/drug effects , Polymers/pharmacology , Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/pharmacology , Animals , Cytoplasmic Granules/drug effects , Heparin/pharmacology , Male , Molecular Weight , Rats , Time Factors
2.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 97(3): 321-4, 1984 Mar.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6546698

ABSTRACT

Morphometry of the spleen, axillary lymph nodes and cytological assay of the bone marrow and peripheral blood were performed in (CBA X C57BL)F1 mice 1, 5, 10 and 15 days after subcutaneous injection of 0.5 microgram T-activin to intact and thymectomized (when adult) mice 2 months after operation. It was demonstrated that in intact animals, injection of T-activin stimulated the whole system of immunogenesis. The time course of plasmatization and the response of the germinative centers differing from that seen during antigen administration suggests that T-activin is not immunogenous, acting as a stimulant of the previous immune responses. The permanent amount of the degenerating cells attests to the lack of the toxic drug effect.


Subject(s)
Bone Marrow/immunology , Lymph Nodes/immunology , Peptides , Spleen/immunology , Thymus Extracts/pharmacology , Thymus Gland/physiology , Animals , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Leukocyte Count , Lymph Nodes/drug effects , Lymphocytes/immunology , Male , Mice , Spleen/drug effects , Thymectomy
3.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 93(3): 106-10, 1982 Mar.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6284272

ABSTRACT

Altogether 165 rabbits were distributed into strongly and poorly reacting groups in terms of delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). It was established that leukocyte response to wound process correlated with the intensity of DTH. The strongly reacting animals manifested of DTH. The strongly reacting animals manifested an adequate response (leukocytosis, neutrophilosis, nomocytosis, lymphocytosis, a decrease in myeloperoxidase and enhancement of phagocytic activity of neutrophils), while the poorly responding animals an in adequate one (passivity of the leukocytic parameters with the exception of monocytosis). Application of the liniment containing PHA (3.3 micrograms per g base, Difco, USA) does not change the response in the strongly reacting animals and essentially corrects all the leukocytic parameters in the poorly reacting animals with the exception of phagocytic activity of neutrophils. From the leukocytic response pattern a conclusion is made about multiple defect of the leukocytic system under poor DTH to PHA and about the leading role of monocytes in correcting the defect by PHA.


Subject(s)
Hypersensitivity, Delayed , Phytohemagglutinins/therapeutic use , Wounds and Injuries/drug therapy , Animals , Female , Leukocyte Count , Male , Neutrophils/enzymology , Neutrophils/immunology , Peroxidase/blood , Phagocytosis/drug effects , Rabbits , Wound Healing/drug effects , Wounds and Injuries/blood , Wounds and Injuries/immunology
4.
Arkh Patol ; 44(11): 30-8, 1982.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7159235

ABSTRACT

Principal differences in wound healing were established in rabbits with weak and strong delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The evaluation included the rate of contraction of the wound defect, macroscopic control, cytology of the wound exudate, qualitative and quantitative histology. The rate of healing in strong DTH to PHA is 1 1/2 times as high and the death-rate of wound infection 2 times as low as in weak DTH. The response of immunity organs (thymus, spleen, regional lymph node) and peripheral blood leukocytes was also found to differ significantly despite their initial structural homogeneity. Comparison of the experimental data with the results of a similar study of selective therapeutic effect of PHA on wound healing in low DTH leads to a conclusion of the greatest intactness of the monocytic macrophage system, its leading role in correction of healing, as well as of the greatest defects in the neutrophil system.


Subject(s)
Immunity, Cellular , Lymphoid Tissue/pathology , Skin/injuries , Wound Healing , Wounds, Penetrating/pathology , Animals , Female , Hypersensitivity, Delayed/pathology , Leukocyte Count , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphocyte Activation , Male , Rabbits , Skin/pathology , Spleen/pathology , Thymus Gland/pathology , Wounds, Penetrating/immunology
5.
Antibiotiki ; 26(11): 856-60, 1981 Nov.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7325619

ABSTRACT

Tetracycline was administered orally in daily doses of 20 or 40 mg to 50 practically healthy male chinchilla rabbits weighing 2-2.5 kg. The thymus, appendage, spleen, ileocecal, mesenteric and axillary lymph nodes, bone marrow and peripheral blood were examined with the methods of morpho- cytometry. To verify the data the nonparametric criterion U of Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitny and the Student criterion were used. The mean curves reflecting the reaction level in the peripheral immunity system as a whole were plotted with the use of graphical analysis. It was found that tetracycline in doses of 20 and 40 mg induced a significant change in both the central and the peripheral immunity organs. Two trends in the development of the reaction in the system of immunogenesis were observed: (a) activation, transformation and differentiation of immunocompetent cells and (b) destruction of the cells, particular by transforming and proliferating cells. This gave rise to the depletion of the immunity system which was intensified if the drug was used for a prolonged period of time and in higher doses.


Subject(s)
Hematopoietic System/drug effects , Immunity/drug effects , Tetracycline/immunology , Animals , Blood/drug effects , Bone Marrow/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic , Male , Rabbits , Tetracycline/pharmacology , Time Factors
6.
Biull Eksp Biol Med ; 91(6): 733-6, 1981 Jun.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7272493

ABSTRACT

Altogether 183 C57BL/6 mice were used to determine the optimum dose of phytohemagglutinin (PHA) to be equal to 3 microgram/g liniment tela, which reduced the time of wound healing by 33%. Experiments on 255 heterobred rabbits of both sexes revealed that the natural animal population could be distributed into three groups according to delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) to PHA: highly sensitive, moderately sensitive and poorly sensitive, in a ratio of 1:1, 5:1. Microscopic, cytological and histological analyses have demonstrated that PHA exerts a selective therapeutic effect on wound healing. The reduction of the time required for wound healing by 38% and positive changes in cellular dynamics of inflammation have been observed only in the animals with a weak DTH to PHA. The PHA intracutaneous test is recommended for selection of patients being in want of pharmacological correction of wound healing.


Subject(s)
Immunity, Cellular/drug effects , Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology , Wound Healing/drug effects , Administration, Topical , Animals , Drug Hypersensitivity , Emulsions , Female , Hypersensitivity, Delayed , Male , Ointments , Phytohemagglutinins/administration & dosage , Rabbits , Skin Tests
7.
Farmakol Toksikol ; 44(1): 80-5, 1981.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7262304

ABSTRACT

The paper concerns the effect of heparin and its antagonists, protamine and 2,5-ionen, on mast cell population from the standpoint of its potential action on blood coagulation. It has been established that intravenous administration of heparin is accompanied by its deposition in mast cells, that gives rise to rapid excretion of the anticoagulant from the blood flow. It has been also shown that protamine sulfate and 2,5-ionen produce degranulation of mast cells, but the synthetic polycation is superior over protamine sulfate in binding heparin of extracellular granules. Retaining of the increased saturation of mast cells with heparin on neutralization of the anticoagulant effect with protamine forms a structural basis for the origination of recurrent heparinemia. Study of blood coagulation has shown that 2,5-ionen is a more efficacious heparin antagonist than protamine sulfate.


Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Heparin Antagonists/pharmacology , Heparin/pharmacology , Mast Cells/drug effects , Anesthesia, General , Animals , Cytoplasmic Granules/drug effects , Dogs , Hexobarbital , Polyamines/administration & dosage , Polyamines/pharmacology , Polymers/administration & dosage , Polymers/pharmacology , Protamines/administration & dosage , Protamines/pharmacology , Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/administration & dosage , Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/pharmacology , Rabbits
8.
Arkh Patol ; 42(6): 60-4, 1980.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6998431

ABSTRACT

A composite morphometric approach to the analysis of mast cell population is proposed including 4 criteria: the cytogram, the index of heparin saturation, degranulation index, a relative rate of degranulation form. The sensitivity and informative capacity of the composite morphometric analysis were tested in two experimental models: inoculation of heparin and inoculation of its antagonists. Subtle differences in the effect of mast cell degranulaton were found after inoculation of protamine sulphate and a synthetic polycation, 2.5-ionen. Important information on the consumption of exogenous heparin by mast cells was obtained. The simplicity of the analysis as well as the possibility of using its simplified version make the method available for both clinical and experimental pathology.


Subject(s)
Mast Cells/cytology , Animals , Cytological Techniques , Female , Heparin/pharmacology , Mast Cells/drug effects , Mast Cells/physiology , Protamines/pharmacology , Rats
9.
Arkh Patol ; 42(5): 26-32, 1980.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7416997

ABSTRACT

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) produced by Difco, USA, (3.3 microgram per 1 mg of unguentum base) was tested as a stimulator of the healing of suppurative skin-muscle wounds 4 cm2 in area in 70 rabbits divided into 3 groups according to reaction to the intracutaneous test with PHA. Enhanced wound healing was observed only in poorly reacting rabbits (20.7 against 31.1 days in control). A considerable increase in the number of activated lymphocytes and cells of monocyte-macrophage group in the wound exudate, increased phagocytosis as well as more rapid and intensive development of proliferative processes were also established. The stimulation mechanism includes the direct PHA effect on inflammation cells and epithelium and a complex chain of both direct and mediated cellular interactions.


Subject(s)
Phytohemagglutinins/pharmacology , Wound Healing , Animals , Female , Fibroblasts/pathology , Follow-Up Studies , Leukocytes/pathology , Macrophages/pathology , Male , Muscles/injuries , Muscles/pathology , Rabbits , Skin/injuries , Skin/pathology
11.
Arkh Anat Gistol Embriol ; 77(7): 58-65, 1979 Jul.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-485866

ABSTRACT

Cyto- and histological analysis of the whole immunogenic system at the development of an acute experimental appendicitis in rabbits has demonstrated that all the constituent parts of the system are involved into the reaction. In the central organ of immunity--thymus the main change is its progressive exhaustion, while peripheral organs of immunity are subjected to rather essential cytological rearrangements and activation of both cellular and humoral immunity. Accordingly to the type of the reaction, two groups of peripheral organs of immunity can be distinguish: the first--the appendix and the iliocecal lymph node which predominantly participate in the immunoblastic reaction and in the reaction of young plasmatic cells and demonstrate increased signs of immature cells emigration; the second--the axillary lymph node, as a representative of somatic nodes, and the spleen--the main carriers of the reaction in mature plasmic cells. Structural peculiarities of the complex appendix--iliocecal lymph node in intact animals and in the experiment make it possible to consider the complex as a peculiar functional link of the immune peripheral organs.


Subject(s)
Appendicitis/pathology , Appendix/pathology , Lymphoid Tissue/pathology , Acute Disease , Animals , Appendicitis/immunology , Bone Marrow/pathology , Cell Count , Chinchilla , Female , Hypertrophy , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Male , Rabbits , Spleen/pathology , Thymus Gland/pathology
12.
Antibiotiki ; 23(1): 74-8, 1978 Jan.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-623452

ABSTRACT

Tetracycline was administered orally to Shinshilla male rabbits (female, 2.0-2.5 kg) twice a day, the daily dose being 20 mg. The thymus was examined in 1 and 2 weeks by the methods of histo- and cytometry. The reliability of the differences and correlation were estimated by the non-parametric methods. Out of 15 parameters studied 8 showed reliable differences and 5 were statistically connected. The following structural shifts were found: (1) increased numbers of activated and middle thymocytes evident of intraorgan cell activation, (2) higher mitotic index and lower index of the cell degradation resulting in the cortex hypertrophia by the end of the week, (3) increased cell density in the medullar substance which is the morphological criterion of intraorgan migration of the cells from the cortex into the medullar substance. Thus, the morphometric analysis of the thymus proved to be much more informative than the usual morphological analysis. The observed structural change in the thymus is considered to be a result of the antigenic effect of tetracycline on the host.


Subject(s)
Tetracycline/administration & dosage , Thymus Gland/drug effects , Administration, Oral , Animals , Cell Count , Male , Mitotic Index/drug effects , Rabbits , Thymus Gland/cytology , Time Factors
13.
Arkh Patol ; 38(5): 81-3, 1976.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-799494

ABSTRACT

Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the refringence phenomen in immunocompetent cells of various organs of rabbits and CBA line mice under conditions of immunological activity, as well as in those of children with ataxia-teleangiectasia, showed that immunoblasts contained predominantly non-refringent nuclei, mature plasmatic cells--mainly highly refringent nuclei, and young plasmatic cells occupied a position in the middle of the two. These data, as well as the absence of the refringence phenomenon in the cells of lymphosarcoma in man corroborate a direct relationship between the phenomenon and the process of differentiation of cells.


Subject(s)
Antibody-Producing Cells/pathology , Cell Differentiation , T-Lymphocytes/pathology , Animals , Appendicitis/immunology , Ataxia Telangiectasia/immunology , Female , Humans , Leukocyte Count , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/immunology , Mice , Microscopy, Phase-Contrast , Rabbits
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