[Study of the possibility of hyperparathyroidism development in rats exposed to internal irradiation by iodine radioisotope]. / Issledovanie vozmozhnosti razvitiia giperparatireoza u krys, perenesshikh vnutrennee obluchenie ot radioizotopa ioda.

The possibility of hyperparathyroidism development secondary to earlier internal irradiation with radioactive iodine was studied experimentally in Wistar rats. This report describes the parathyroid morphology and biochemical findings for animals irradiated with 131I at the doses of 4.5, 40, or 80 Gy. The interval between the radiation exposure of two-month-old rats and their examination for thyroid and parathyroid pathology was 14 months. Neither hypercalcemia nor hypophosphatemia was found. Moreover, the level of calcium in serum slightly decreased following 40 and 80 Gy irradiation. The increased incidence of parathyroid fibrosis and hypofunctional structure transformation were revealed.

[Functional suitability of iodinated casein in the prevention of iodine deficiency]. / Funktsional'naia prigodnost' iodkazeina dlia profilaktiki iodnoi nedostatotochnosti.

At least 1.5 billion in the world and over 100 million Russians live in iodine-deficiency areas. The sequelae of this condition are well known. The paper discusses the properties of the iodinated lactoprotein caseoiodine designed by the MRRC researchers and its capacities and advantages for using in the prevention of iodine deficiency. The assimilation of iodine from caseoiodine corresponds to the body's status: it significantly accumulates more frequently in the thyroid in dietary iodine deficiency (Group 1) and to a lesser degree in adequate dietary iodine intake (Group 2) and, by hour 72, amounts to 36.3 and 31.4% of the ingested amount, respectively (P < 0.05). The findings are in agreement with the data available in the literature on the involvement of hepatic enzymes in regulating the metabolism of iodine during its intake in the protein (casein)-bound form and in increasing its fecal excretion (up to 40% in Group 2) whereas 95% iodine excrete with urine when inorganic iodine is consumed.

Prognostic significance of S-phase fraction detected by antithymidine antibodies in epidermoid cervix carcinomas.

PURPOSE: To assess the predictive value of pretreatment proliferative activity of epidermoid cervix carcinoma cells with respect to short- and long-term results of radiotherapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The proliferative activity of 25 epidermoid cervix carcinomas was evaluated as the immunofluorescent labeling index (LI) by rabbit antithymidine antibodies reacting specifically with single-stranded DNA of replication forks in S-phase cells. The short-term clinical outcome was estimated at 3-6 months after treatment by visual and palpatory examination. Three-year follow-up data were obtained through hospital charts and correspondence with referring physicians for only 19 patients. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant association between LI and such conventional prognostic factors as clinical stage. The LI value of cervix carcinomas was significantly associated with complete regression at 3-6 months after radiotherapy and 3-year disease-free survival. Complete regression at 3-6 months was observed in 87.5% patients with fast proliferating tumors (LI > 7.0%), and only in 41.2% patients with slowly proliferating tumors (p = 0.03). Probability of 3-year disease-free survival was 85.7% in patients with fast proliferating tumors and 50.0% in those with slowly proliferating tumors (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The immunofluorescent LI of epidermoid cervix carcinoma is able to provide prognostic information on short-term tumor response to radiotherapy and disease-free survival.

[The probable sequelae of thyroid damage from radioactive iodine during the Chernobyl accident]. / Veroiatnye posledstviia povrezhdeniia radioaktivnym iodom shchitovidnoi zhelezy v period Chernobyl'skoi avarii.

An important peculiarity of the Chernobyl catastrophe is the discharge into the atmosphere of tremendous amount of radioactive iodine and, as a result, selective damage of the thyroid in children from the affected areas. The most dangerous consequence is the thyroid cancer. The analysis of the situation when children's thyroids were subjected to irradiation shows that tumors can most frequently develop as late as 20-30 years after irradiation. There are reasons to believe that tumors are induced by low dose of irradiation. The most important factor in development of pathologies is for sure the age of the children of the moment of irradiation. A well-known consequence of the impact of radiation on the thyroid is the lymphocyte thyroiditis. The interest to this pathology is determined by the fact that it substantially increases the probability of development of various haematologic diseases (lympho- and myeloproliferative neoplasms).

[Anion exchange chromatography of proteins leads to induction of DNA-binding activity in them]. / Anionobmennaia khromatografiia belkov privodit k induktsii v nikh DNK-sviazyvaiushchei aktivnosti.

The present work is devoted to investigation of the acquired DNA-binding activity of several proteins, such as bovine serum albumin, myoglobin, and collagens in different conformational states (native, denatured, and gelatin) following their anion exchange chromatography. Induction of DNA-binding activity, as shown, is natural phenomenon common in protein treatment on positively charged matrix. Obviously, anion exchange chromatography of proteins results in their structural conformational changes. It was suggested that the DNA-binding activity of activated proteins is based on the ability of the protein molecule to accept additional protons upon contact with the anion exchanger. This hypothesis is confirmed by the inhibition of the interaction of activated protein with DNA in the presence of Na-EDTA.

[Antibodies to the thyroid microsomal antigen in children and adolescents subjected to radiation exposure as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station]. / Antitela k mikrosomal'nomu antigenu shchitovidnoi zhelezy u detei i podrostkov, podvergshikhsia radiatsionnomu vozdeistviiu v rezul'tate avarii na Chernobyl'skoi AES.

For evaluation of the possibility of the appearance of autoimmune thyroiditis in children and juveniles lived in the areas of Kaluga Province [correction of region] suffered from the Chernobyl accident the content of antibodies to human thyroid microsomal antigen was investigated. Percentage of positive sera varied from 4.8% to 1.2% during 6 years. There is significant difference in the frequency of the antibody appearance between persons suffered from radioactive iodine and unsuffered ones. Correlation between levels of antimicrosomal antibodies and radiation dose obtained from incorporated radioactive iodine was not estimated.

[Immunologic methods in epidemiologic monitoring of population, affected by radioactive iodine as a result of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear plant]. / Immunologicheskie metody v épidemiologicheskom monitoringe naseleniia podvergshegosiavozdeistviiu radioaktivnogo ioda v rezultate avarii na ChAES.

Ultrasound investigations of the thyroid gland and determinations of microsomal antibodies have been performed in persons who lived in the town of Korosten (Zhitomir Region) during the Chernobyl accident. A high correlation has been found between ultrasound and immunological results. The immunological screening of the population suffered from the Chernobyl disaster might be successfully used for the autoimmune thyroiditis detection. These data complete those obtained by the ultrasound tests.

[The modifying action of calcium antagonists on postirradiation thymidinemia]. / Modifitsiruiushchee deistvie antagonista kal'tsiia na postradiatsionnuiu timidinemiiu.

Single and long-term per os administration of verapamil, a calcium antagonist, changes the thymidine content of nonirradiated mouse blood. The changes observed depend upon verapamil concentration in the blood. The postirradiation thymidinemia level is the lowest in animals exposed at the time when the thymidine content was minimized by the agent administered.

A monoclonal antibody to DNA modified with osmium tetroxide/2,2'-bipyridine.

A murine monoclonal antibody (IgG) has been generated that binds to DNA modified with osmium tetroxide in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridine and does not interact with unmodified DNA. Reactivity of the antibody was tested by gel retardation assay, ELISA, dot-binding assay and immunoblotting. The results obtained suggest that the antibody does not cross-react with modified or unmodified RNA or proteins. The high specificity of the binding reaction is due to the specific recognition of modified deoxythymidine residue by the monoclonal antibody. A possible way of using the antibody produced is discussed.

[Clinico-diagnostic significance of fibronectin determination in diabetes mellitus in children]. / Kliniko-diagnosticheskoe znachenie issledovaniia fibronektina pri sakharnom diabete u detei.

Immunoelectrophoresis was used to measure fibronectin content in blood plasma of 111 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and in 20 normal children. In patients with diabetes mellitus, the content of plasma fibronectin turned out to be higher depending on the disease standing, the presence of microangiopathies, and status of compensation. It has been noted that fibronectin was detectable in urine in diabetic angionephropathy.

[Fibronectin from the lymph of healthy persons]. / Fibronektin limfy zdorovykh liudei.

Content of fibronectin was studied in lymph and blood plasma of 24 healthy 23-57 years old men. Concentration of fibronectin in lymph and blood plasma was 44.2 +/- 21.7 mg/ml and 354 +/- 88 mg/ml, respectively. Interrelations were not found between content of fibronectin in lymph and blood plasma as well as between the total content of protein and fibronectin in lymph. Fibronectin in lymph was shown to occur in its intact form using immunoblotting procedure involving monoclonal antibodies to fibronectin. Simultaneously with whole molecules of fibronectin its fragments appear to be present in lymph.

[Characteristics of interferon production from the enteral administration of inducers]. / Osobennosti produktsii interferona pri énteral'nom vvedenii induktorov.

When interferon inducers are administered to animals, autonomous local production of interferon by organs (intestine, liver) occurs alongside with the production of serum interferon. After oral administration of a low molecular interferon inducer, tilorone, the intestine is the main site of interferon synthesis. Here the peak of interferon production precedes that in the serum by 20 hours and exceeds it 16-fold. The sequence of events follows the scheme: intestine--liver--serum. Upon oral administration of high molecular inducers incorporated into liposomes (polyguacyl, lafarin) the predominant site of interferon production is the liver where over 80% of the administered inducer is localized and interferon production is 2-4-fold higher than in the intestine. The sequence of events follows the scheme: liver--intestine--serum.

[Different mechanisms of blood thymidine levels caused by irradiation and polyanion administration]. / Razlichnye mekhanizmy timidinemii, vyzvannoi oblucheniem i vvedeniem polianionov.

The administration of dextran sulfate causes an increase in the thymidine content of rat blood comparable with the postirradiation thymidinemia. In contrast to radiation dextran sulfate does not increase polydeoxynucleotide content of thymus. Isoptin, a calcium antagonist, decreases thymidinemia induced by dextran sulfate to a greater extent than that induced by ionizing radiation. Thymidinemia induced by dextran sulfate is supposed to be due to its effect on cell membranes. In radiation-induced thymidineamia this mechanism is of lesser significance.

[Interferon-inducing activity of liposome-incorporated double-stranded polynucleotides and the means for its enhancement]. / Interferonindutsiruiushchaia aktivnost' zakliuchennykh v liposomy dvuspiral'nykh polinukleotidov i puti ee povysheniia.

Natural double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) incorporated into liposomes upon parenteral inoculation induces 4 times as much amounts of interferon as inoculation of the equal amount of dsRNA without liposomes. Oral administration of liposome-incorporated dsRNA induces in animals serum interferon in amounts similar to those induced by parenteral inoculation of dsRNA without liposomes (320-640 units/ml). When liposome-incorporated dsRNA is used, interferon induction is prolonged to 24 hours. The prolongation period increases to 5 days after preliminary treatment of animals with "empty" liposomes. In M-19 cell culture, 2-hour treatment with liposome-incorporated dsRNA in a dose of 5-10 micrograms/ml induces a yield of 640-1280 units/ml interferon and 100% antiviral effect. The L-929 culture is more sensitive to dsRNA in liposomes. Even its minimal amounts (0.1-1 microgram/ml) after 2-3-hour contact produce a 100% antiviral effect in the presence of low amounts of interferon in the culture fluid (20-40 units/ml) or in its complete absence.

[Interferon induction via peroral administration of high-molecular polynucleotides]. / Induktsiia interferona pri peroral'nym vvedenii vysokomolekuliarnykh polinukleotidov.

High molecular polynucleotides, poly(I).poly(C) and poly(G).poly(C), incorporated into liposomes may be used for serum interferon induction when administered orally. Titres of interferon induced by this method are sufficiently high (320-640 units/ml) and close to those induced by the same preparations administered parenterally (640-1280 units/ml). The use of liposomal polynucleotides results in prolonged (up to 24 hours) circulation of interferon in the blood of mice at a sufficiently high level. Liposomal polynucleotides are low-toxic upon oral intake. The liposome-polynucleotide complex is sufficiently stable on storage, and retains the interferon-inducing activity, if given orally, after 6 months of storage at 4 degrees C in the liquid form.

[The level and immunochemical characteristics of fibronectin in the plasma of irradiated rats]. / Otsenka soderzhaniia i immunokhimicheskaia kharakteristika fibronektina plazmy obluchennykh krys.

The electrophoretic and immunoelectrophoretic methods were used to study fibronectin of blood plasma of intact Wistar rats and of those exposed to 1-10 Gy radiation. The increase in the fibronectin concentration 3 days after irradiation was a function of radiation dose. Possible mechanisms of the hyperfibronectinemia development involving mechanisms of endogenous proteolytic fragmentation of glycoprotein, the increase in the protein synthesis and complexation and inhibition of the rate of fibronectin degradation and elimination are discussed.