ABSTRACT
Tumor blood vessels are an important emerging target for anticancer therapy. Here, we characterize the in vitro antiproliferative and antiangiogenic properties of the synthetic small molecule, 7-ethoxy-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)isoquinolin-8-amine dihydrochloride, EHT 6706, a novel microtubule-disrupting agent that targets the colchicine-binding site to inhibit tubulin polymerization. At low nM concentrations, EHT 6706 exhibits highly potent antiproliferative activity on more than 60 human tumor cell lines, even those described as being drug resistant. EHT 6706 also shows strong efficacy as a vascular-disrupting agent, since it prevents endothelial cell tube formation and disrupts pre-established vessels, changes the permeability of endothelial cell monolayers and inhibits endothelial cell migration. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of EHT 6706 effects on human endothelial cells shows that the antiangiogenic activity elicits gene deregulations of antiangiogenic pathways. These findings indicate that EHT 6706 is a promising tubulin-binding compound with potentially broad clinical antitumor efficacy.
Subject(s)
Angiogenesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects , Isoquinolines/pharmacology , Microtubules/drug effects , Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy , Tubulin Modulators/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Colchicine/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/blood supply , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Gene Expression Profiling , Humans , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis , Tubulin/metabolismABSTRACT
The synthesis of a series of berberine, phenantridine and isoquinoline derivatives was realized to explore their Rho GTPase nucleotide inhibitory activity. The compounds were evaluated in a nucleotide binding competition assay against Rac1, Rac1b, Cdc42 and in a cellular Rac GTPase activation assay. The insertion of 19 AA in the splice variant Rac1b is shown to be sufficient to introduce a conformational difference that allows compounds 4, 21, 22, and 26 to exhibit selective inhibition of Rac 1b over Rac1.
