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1.
Biosensors (Basel) ; 13(3)2023 Mar 13.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36979590

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused an unprecedented health and economic crisis, highlighting the importance of developing new molecular tools to monitor and detect SARS-CoV-2. Hence, this study proposed to employ the carrageenan extracted from Gigartina skottsbergii algae as a probe for SARS-CoV-2 virus binding capacity and potential use in molecular methods. G. skottsbergii specimens were collected in the Chilean subantarctic ecoregion, and the carrageenan was extracted -using a modified version of Webber's method-, characterized, and quantified. After 24 h of incubation with an inactivated viral suspension, the carrageenan's capacity to bind SARS-CoV-2 was tested. The probe-bound viral RNA was quantified using the reverse transcription and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) methods. Our findings showed that carrageenan extraction from seaweed has a similar spectrum to commercial carrageenan, achieving an excellent proportion of binding to SARS-CoV-2, with a yield of 8.3%. Viral RNA was also detected in the RT-LAMP assay. This study shows, for the first time, the binding capacity of carrageenan extracted from G. skottsbergii, which proved to be a low-cost and highly efficient method of binding to SARS-CoV-2 viral particles.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Humans , SARS-CoV-2/genetics , COVID-19/diagnosis , Carrageenan/chemistry , Molecular Probes , Pandemics , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , RNA, Viral/genetics , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Sensitivity and Specificity
2.
Vet. zootec ; 29: 1-10, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1400608

ABSTRACT

Rhipicephalus sanguineus vem se tornando uma praga urbana, com relatos de infestações em residências e populações resistentes a acaricidas, trazendo preocupações tanto a clínicos veterinários como também em saúde pública. Visando alternativas mais sustentáveis para o controle ambiental de R. sanguineus, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito in vitro do óleo essencial de cravo-da-índia, Syzygium aromaticum, sobre larvas de Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Para realizar os testes foram utilizadas larvas com 15 dias de vida, sendo testadas as concentrações de 0,5%, 1% e 2% do óleo essencial. A sensibilidade das larvas foi analisada pelos testes de imersão larval (TIL) com adaptações. Foi encontrada eficácia larvicida acima de 99% sobre R. sanguineus com concentrações acima de 0,5% de óleo de S. aromaticum diluído em solução hidroalcóolica. Demonstrando promissor efeito acaricida do óleo essencial de cravo-da-índia sobre larvas de R. sanguineus.(AU)


Rhipicephalus sanguineus has become an urban plague, with reports of infestations on residences and resistant populations to acaricides, bringing concerns both to veterinarians and public health. Looking for alternatives more sustainable for environmental control of R. sanguineus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of the clove essential oil, Syzygium aromaticum, on Rhipicephalus sanguineus larvae. In the present study, it was used 15 old day larvae, which were tested concentrations of 0,5%, 1% and 2% of the essential oil. The sensibility of larvae was tested by the larvae immersion tests (LIT) with adaptations. It was noted the larvicidal efficacy above 99% on R. sanguineus in concentrations above 0,5% of Syzygium aromaticum oil diluted in hydroalcoholic solution. Demonstrating promising acaricidal effect of clove essential oil on tick R. sanguineus.(AU)


Rhipicephalus sanguineus se ha convertido en una plaga urbana, con informes de infestaciones en hogares y poblaciones resistentes a los acaricidas, lo que genera preocupación tanto a los médicos veterinarios como a la salud pública. Con el objetivo de alternativas más sostenibles para el control ambiental de R. sanguineus, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto in vitro del aceite esencial de clavo, Syzygium aromaticum, sobre las larvas de Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Se utilizaron larvas con 15 días de vida para realizar las pruebas, y se probaron concentraciones de 0.5%, 1% y 2% del aceite esencial. La sensibilidad larvaria se probó mediante pruebas de inmersión larvaria (TIL) con adaptaciones. Se encontró una eficacia larvicida superior al 99% sobre R. sanguineus con concentraciones superiores al 0,5% de aceite de Syzygium aromaticum diluido en solución hidroalcohólica. Demostrando efecto prometedor acaricida del aceite esencial de clavo para el control de larvas de R. sanguineus.(AU)


Subject(s)
Syzygium/toxicity , Rhipicephalus sanguineus/physiology , Acaricides/administration & dosage , Oils, Volatile/administration & dosage , Larva
3.
Vet. zootec ; 29: 1-10, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1433659

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Rhipicephalus sanguineus se ha convertido en una plaga urbana, con informes de infestaciones en hogares y poblaciones resistentes a los acaricidas, lo que genera preocupación tanto a los médicos veterinarios como a la salud pública. Con el objetivo de alternativas más sostenibles para el control ambiental de R. sanguineus, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto in vitro del aceite esencial de clavo, Syzygium aromaticum, sobre las larvas de Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Este aceite es rico en eugenol, un compuesto aromático ampliamente explorado por la industria alimentaria y farmacéutica, y que a pesar de su excelente acción acaricida, existen pocos estudios de su acción sobre R. sanguineus. Se utilizaron larvas con 15 días de vida para realizar las pruebas, y se probaron concentraciones de 0.5%, 1% y 2% del aceite esencial. La sensibilidad larvaria se probó mediante pruebas de inmersión larvaria (TIL) con adaptaciones. Se encontró una eficacia larvicida superior al 99% sobre R. sanguineus con concentraciones superiores al 0,5% de aceite de Syzygium aromaticum diluido en solución hidroalcohólica. Demostrando efecto prometedor acaricida del aceite esencial de clavo para el control de larvas de R. sanguineus.


Abstract: Rhipicephalus sanguineus has become an urban plague, with reports of infestations on residences and resistant populations to acaricides, bringing concerns both to veterinarians and public health. Looking for alternatives more sustainable for environmental control of R. sanguineus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of the clove essential oil, Syzygium aromaticum, on Rhipicephalus sanguineus larvae. This oil is abundant in eugenol, an aromatic compound widely explored by the pharmaceutical and food industry, despite its strong acaricidal activity there are not many studies on its impact on R. sanguineus. In the present study, it was used 15 old day larvae, which were tested the 0,5%, 1% and 2% concentrations of the essential oil. The sensibility of the larvae was tested by the larvae immersion tests (LIT) with adaptations. It was noted the larvicidal efficacy above 99% on R. sanguineus in concentrations above 0,5% of Syzygium aromaticum oil diluted in hydroalcoholic solution. Demonstrating promising acaricidal effect of clove essential oil on tick R. sanguineus.


Resumo: Rhipicephalus sanguineus vem se tornando uma praga urbana, com relatos de infestações em residências e populações resistentes a acaricidas, trazendo preocupações tanto a clínicos veterinários como também em saúde pública. Visando alternativas mais sustentáveis para o controle ambiental de R. sanguineus, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito in vitro do óleo essencial de cravo-da-índia, Syzygium aromaticum, sobre larvas de Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Esse óleo é rico em eugenol, composto aromático amplamente explorado pela indústria alimentícia e farmacêutica, e que apesar da sua excelente ação acaricida, existem poucos estudos de sua ação sobre R. sanguineus. Para realizar os testes foram utilizadas larvas com 15 dias de vida, sendo testadas as concentrações de 0,5%, 1% e 2% do óleo essencial. A sensibilidade das larvas foi testada pelos testes de imersão larval (TIL) com adaptações. Foi encontrada eficácia larvicida acima de 99% sobre R. sanguineus com concentrações acima de 0,5% de óleo de Syzygium aromaticum diluído em solução hidroalcóolica. Demonstrando promissor efeito acaricida do óleo essencial de cravo-da-índia sobre larvas de R. sanguineus.

4.
Sci Justice ; 61(4): 378-383, 2021 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34172126

ABSTRACT

Latent fingermarks are important trace evidence found in crime scenes mainly used for identification purposes. Once deposited, the composition of samples changes over time influencing the efficacy of latent fingermark development methods. In this sense, the aims of this work were to characterize the fatty acid (FA) profile of sebaceous latent fingermarks by GC-FID and to preliminarily evaluate the development efficiency of enhancement methods (powder dusting, iodine fuming and silver nitrate method) in a 30-day period of aging under controlled parameters of temperature, photoperiod and humidity. Results showed that myristic (7.51 ± 0.76% - 13.39 ± 1.26%), palmitic (35.91 ± 1.07% - 40.81 ± 2.52%), stearic (6.67 ± 0.36% - 9.13 ± 0.36%) and oleic (18.08 ± 0.25% - 20.93 ± 0.26%) acid varied significantly (p < 0.05) over the 30-day period of analysis. Regarding development efficiency, fluorescent orange powder and the silver nitrate method also increased their efficacy to develop latent fingermarks over time while the iodine fuming method decreased its efficiency. Silver black powder had constant efficacy in the tested period. Changes in the constitution of sebaceous marks possibly influenced the development efficiency of enhancement techniques. This knowledge is important to better understand the kinetic of aging and its influence on the development method.


Subject(s)
Iodine , Silver Nitrate , Aged , Coloring Agents , Dermatoglyphics , Humans , Powders
5.
Drug Test Anal ; 12(9): 1264-1273, 2020 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32537903

ABSTRACT

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) comprise a class of synthetic androgens resulting from chemical modifications of testosterone, known for their illicit consumption, which can result inextensive side effects. Extraction procedures applied to the analysis of their formulations are still limited to a few methodologies, despite the increasing numbers of confiscations of AASs. In this sense, the aims of this work were to evaluate the extraction of active ingredients from formulations of anabolic agents using solid-liquid or liquid-iquid, ultrasonic bath, ultrasonicprobe, and microwave-assisted extraction. The results indicated that the extraction procedures influenced the detected concentration of AASs, as the use of ultrasonic probe and microwave irradiation increased the overall extraction of anabolic agents compared with solid-liquid, liquid-liquid, and ultrasonic bath. Regarding oxymetholone, for instance, the microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasonic probe extracted, respectively, 37.46 ± 1.36 and 35.69 ± 0.98 mg/tablet, while solid-liquid extracted 29.63 ± 0.40 mg/tablet of the activeingredient. Therefore, alternative methods such as microwave-assisted extraction or theultrasonic probe could be used for the analysis of formulations of AASs assisting with the identification of illicit and toxic components.


Subject(s)
Anabolic Agents/analysis , Chemical Fractionation/methods , Testosterone Congeners/analysis , Doping in Sports , Liquid-Liquid Extraction , Microwaves , Solid Phase Extraction , Tablets , Ultrasonics/methods
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