[Computed tomography in the diagnosis of stomach cancer and the assessment of its spread]. / Komp'iuternaia tomografiia v diagnostike raka zheludka i otsenke ego rasprostranennosti.

CAT was carried out in 110 patients with gastric carcinoma and its findings compared with the intraoperative findings. CAT involved a polypositional scanning (depending on the tumor site) against the background of oral contrast label of the stomach and intestine. CAT potentialities in the diagnosis of gastric carcinoma, assessment of the tumor size and involvement of the adjacent organs and structures, detection of the metastases were studied. Use of CAT in complex with other methods will help choose the optimal treatment strategy and determine the volume of supposed surgical intervention.

A new allele of the duplicated 27kD zein locus of maize generated by homologous recombination.

The 27kD zein storage protein locus in many inbred lines of maize consists of a tandem duplication of 12kb, with an expressed gene in each repeat, termed A and B. A single-copy allele with only the A gene can be generated from this duplication in particular stocks of the maize inbred line A188 by a mitotic process that includes a crossover at the 3' regions of the two genes (1). Here, we characterize a second single-copy allele with only the B gene, found in different stocks of A188. This allele arises from a homologous recombination at the highly conserved 5' regions of the two repeats, and cloning and sequencing of this allele define the crossover region. The A and B genes in the duplicated allele were previously shown to be expressed at different levels; this difference remains unchanged in either recombinant allele. Therefore, the crossover points of these two recombinant alleles define the borders of cis-acting sequences responsible for the differential expression of the two genes.

[Teaching experiment in the evaluation of the choice of methods in postgraduate education of radiologists]. / Pedagogicheskii éksperiment v otsenke vybora metodiki poslediplomnogo obucheniia vrachei-rentgenologov.

A pedagogical experiment was used to study the effectiveness of a system of program-purpose teaching in postgraduate training of radiologists differing from the classic methods aimed at end goals. A total of 150 pedagogical tests on 240 students using parallel and cross methods were performed. The use of the system of program-purpose teaching intensifies the physician's activities, increases the effectiveness of acquiring professional habits and their retention.

[An educational management system for the postgraduate training of physician-radiologists]. / Sistema upravleniia obucheniem pri poslediplomnoi podgotovke vrachei-rentgenologov.

The paper is devoted to the development of a system of program-oriented postgraduate education of radiologists based methodologically on acquiring professional knowledge and skills. Educational goals were adapted for each subject area. Matrix analysis and plotting of a logical structure graph were used for a choice of the final goals of education. The subject matter is in full accord with the educational goals, based upon the qualification characteristics of radiologists. The developed and published methodological materials make it possible to control the students' activities during extracurricular training and practical work in x-ray units and at seminars. Directed text control is used for the estimation of efficacy and correction of education.

[X-ray studies in the diagnosis of pyloroduodenal ulcerative stenoses]. / Rentgenologicheskoe issledovanie v diagnostike piloroduodenal'nykh iazvennykh stenozov.

Combined clinical and x-ray investigation of 100 patients operated on for pyloroduodenal ulcerative stenoses was conducted. Methods of polypositional and polyprojectional x-ray investigation including a double contrast study and a differentiated use of cholinolytic and cholinomimetic drugs were standardized. The x-ray classification of stenosis was improved on the basis of radiological and surgical correlations and quantitative analysis of indices characterizing a degree of stenosis compensation. Criteria for the determination of a degree of stenosis were worked out.

[Sputum microflora in acute pneumonia based on the data from a quantitative study]. / Mikroflora mokroty pri ostroi pnevmonii po dannym kolichestvennogo issledovaniia.

In this work the data obtained in the quantitative investigations of sputum samples from 106 miners having acute pneumonia are presented. These investigations were carried out twice at the peak of the disease to determine the possible infective agent. The virological study of nasal impression smears by immunofluorescence and the serological study of paired sera made it possible to establish the viral and bacterial nature of the disease in 12% of cases. The expediency of the quantitative investigations of sputum, carried out twice, in combination with the study of the biological properties of opportunistic microorganisms was shown. Streptococcus pneumoniae proved to play the most important etiological role in the appearance of acute pneumonia in miners. This infective agent was detected in 82% of patients by the inoculation of sputum samples in "diagnostic" dilutions (10(-5) and higher). The associations of pneumococci with staphylococci, hemolytic bacteria and Neisseria were found to be capable of playing a significant role in the development of acute inflammation in pulmonary tissue, especially in those cases when these associations were isolated from highly diluted sputum (10(-5)).