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Rev. electron ; 40(7)jul. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-65823

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: entre las enfermedades infecciosas, las producidas por parásitos constituyen un problema médico-social, que afecta a los países subdesarrollados y a países de alto desarrollo económico.Objetivo: realizar una intervención educativa con las madres de niños menores de 9 años, pertenecientes al Consultorio Médico de Familia No 29, del reparto 26 de Julio, Bayamo, durante el período comprendido entre octubre de 2013 y marzo de 2014, para elevar el nivel de conocimientos sobre medidas de control del parasitismo.Métodos: se realizó un estudio de intervención educativa, diseñado al respecto y aplicado a un grupo de madres en el referido consultorio, perteneciente al policlínico Jimmy Hirzell del municipio de Bayamo, durante el tiempo señalado. La muestra estuvo constituida por 84 niños y sus 41 madres, a las que se les aplicó un cuestionario antes y después de la intervención. Se midieron las variables: nivel de conocimientos sobre factores de riesgo, medidas preventivas y conducta a seguir ante el parasitismo intestinal. Se tomó muestra de heces fecales a los niños antes de iniciar la intervención y pasados seis meses, para comprobar si se encontraban o no parasitados. Resultados: inicialmente, un pequeño porcentaje de madres respondieron correctamente el cuestionario aplicado, al término de la intervención esto mejoró a un 95,12 por ciento. De manera similar, al inicio sólo el 26,82 por ciento manejaba adecuadamente el dominio y correcta aplicación de las medidas de prevención, luego del curso, al aplicar el cuestionario final, todos demostraron haber adquirido los conocimientos. Antes de aplicar la intervención 60 niños estaban infestados y transcurridos seis meses después de culminada ésta, se redujo a sólo 15 niños (AU)


Background: among infectious diseases, those caused by parasites are a socio-medical problem affecting underdeveloped countries and highly developed countries.Objective: to perform an educational intervention with mothers of children under 9 years old belonging to the doctors office # 29, 26 de Julio Neighborhood, Bayamo, from October, 2013 to March, 2014, to increase knowledge about control measures of parasitism.Methods: an educational intervention study was designed and carried out with a group of mothers at the doctors office of Jimmy Hirzell polyclinic in Bayamo municipality during the time mentioned above. The sample consisted of 84 children and their 41 mothers, to whom a survey was applied before and after the intervention. The variables considered were: level of knowledge about risk factors, preventive measures and actions to follow against intestinal parasites. Stool samples from children were taken before starting the intervention and after six months, to check whether they were parasitized or not.Results: at first, a small percentage of mothers answered correctly the questionnaire applied; by the end of the intervention, it improved to a 95,12 percent. Similarly, at the beginning, only the 26,82 percent managed properly the knowledge and correct application of the preventive measures; after the course, when applying the final questionnaire, all of them proved to have acquired knowledge. Before the intervention, 60 children were infected and after six months of having finished the intervention, infection was reduced to only 15 children.Conclusions: by means of the educational intervention, it was proved that at first there was a lack of knowledge in these areas, and after that, an increase in the level of knowledge was accomplished, reflected in the decrease of intestinal parasites in children (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic , Communicable Diseases , Food Hygiene
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