ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate ocular allergies in patients at the Hospital do Servidor Publico Estadual de Sao Paulo (HSPE) and the correlations with serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E levels. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal study of patients with ocular allergies who were treated at the Cornea and Immunology and Allergy Department. Patients underwent an ophthalmologic examination to identify their primary presenting signs and symptoms. The allergy types were divided into 4 groups. We conducted the following laboratory tests and measurements: blood count, eosinophil count, total serum IgE, and specific IgE. RESULTS: Among 61 patients, 16 (26.2%) had a clinical diagnosis of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis, 23 (37.7%) had perennial allergic conjunctivitis, 19 (31.1%) had vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and 3 (4.9%) had atopic keratoconjunctivitis. Mixed dust mites were positive in 94.9% of patients. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (dp) and Dermatophagoides farinae (df) antigens were positive in 93.2% of patients followed by Blattella germanica, Blomia tropicalis, and mixed animal epithelia (81%, 75.9%, and 25.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Perennial allergic conjunctivitis was the most prevalent disorder and demonstrated higher positivity in class V/VI for specific antigens (mixed dust mites, dp, and df), indicating high antigenicity. Dust mites, D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae, B. germanica, and B. tropicalis were the primary triggers of the studied ocular allergies.
Subject(s)
Allergens/immunology , Conjunctivitis, Allergic/immunology , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Acaridae/immunology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antigens, Dermatophagoides/immunology , Blood Cell Count , Child , Child, Preschool , Cockroaches/immunology , Eosinophils/immunology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Insect Proteins/immunology , Leukocyte Count , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) pre and post LASIK, correlating it to changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and average simulated keratometry (K), as well as verifying the results of a corrective formula previously proposed. METHODS: Longitudinal prospective study conducted in outpatients that underwent to LASIK. Patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, previously and 2 months after the surgery. Intraocular pressure was evaluated with Goldmann applanation tonometer between 9 am and 11 am, average simulated keratometry was evaluated using corneal topography and central corneal thickness was measured with ultrasound pachymetry, been considered the average of three measurements. Two patients were excluded due to surgery or eye disease, and previous use of topical steroids over the past three months. The surgeries were performed according to standard procedures. The formula [real IOP = IOP measured + (540 - ECC)/71 + (43 - K)/2.7 + 0.75 mmHg] proposed for correcting intraocular pressure was used. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes of eight patients were evaluated, age ranged from 24 to 46 years (mean: 31.37 ± 7.27). There was a statistically significant difference between the measurements of intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness and average simulated keratometry pre and post-LASIK. (p=0.0001). It was observed that each 1D corrected underestimated the IOP 1.06 ± 0.59 mmHg (0.11 a 1.89 mmHg). The use of the corrective formula lead to 80% of eyes within 2.50 mmHg of preoperative intraocular pressure. Although, the two sets of data are statistically different (p=0.0266). CONCLUSIONS: Post LASIK eyes presented lower intraocular pressure than preoperatively. Intraocular pressure was moderately correlated to central corneal thickness and weakly correlated to average simulated keratometry. With the use of the corrective formula, we were able to determine that 80% were within 2.50 mmHg of the preoperative intraocular pressure.
Subject(s)
Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ , Adult , Algorithms , Astigmatism/surgery , Cornea/pathology , Corneal Topography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myopia/surgery , Organ Size , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Tonometry, Ocular , Treatment Outcome , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Comparar a pressão intraocular (PIO) pré e pós-LASIK, correlacionando-as com as mudanças da espessura corneana central (ECC) e ceratometria simulada média (K), assim como verificar o resultado de fórmula corretiva proposta anteriormente. MÉTODOS: Estudo longitudinal, prospectivo, realizado em pacientes submetidos a LASIK. Os pacientes foram submetidos ao exame oftalmológico completo, no pré operatório e após 2 meses da cirurgia. A pressão intraocular foi avaliada com tonômetro de aplanação de Goldmann entre 9 h e 11 h da manhã, a ceratometria simulada média foi avaliada por meio de topografia corneana e a espessura corneana central foi aferida por paquímetro ultrassônico, sendo considerada a média de três aferições. Foram excluídos dois pacientes com cirurgias ou doenças oculares prévias, e uso prévio de corticosteróide tópico nos últimos três meses. As cirurgias foram realizadas de acordo com os procedimentos-padrão. Foi utilizada a fórmula [PIO real = PIO aferida + (540 - ECC)/71 + (43 - K)/2,7 + 0,75 mmHg] proposta para correção da pressão intraocular pós-operatória. RESULTADOS: Quinze olhos de oito pacientes foram avaliados, a idade variou de 24 a 46 anos (média: 31,37 ± 7,27). Foi observada diferença estatisticamente significante entre as medidas da pressão intraocular, de ceratometria simulada média e da espessura corneana central pré e pós-LASIK. (p=0,0001). Foi observado que para cada 1D corrigida, há uma subestimação, em média, de 1,06 ± 0,59 mmHg (0,11 a 1,89 mmHg). A aplicação da fórmula corretiva levou a 80 por cento dos olhos com a tonometria estimada entre ± 2,50 mmHg da pré-operatória, no entanto, quando comparada com a tonometria pré-operatória, estas são estatisticamente diferentes (p=0,0266). CONCLUSÕES: Os olhos submetidos a LASIK apresentaram PIO pós-operatória menor do que a pré-operatória. A pressão intraocular pôde ser moderadamente correlacionada com a espessura corneana central e fracamente com a ceratometria simulada média. Não houve correlação entre a profundidade de ablação e a variação da pressão intraocular, no pós-operatório. Usando a fórmula proposta, pudemos averiguar que 80 por cento dos pacientes apresentaram pressão intraocular entre ± 2,50 mmHg da pré-operatória.
PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure (IOP) pre and post LASIK, correlating it to changes in central corneal thickness (CCT) and average simulated keratometry (K), as well as verifying the results of a corrective formula previously proposed. METHODS: Longitudinal prospective study conducted in outpatients that underwent to LASIK. Patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, previously and 2 months after the surgery. Intraocular pressure was evaluated with Goldmann applanation tonometer between 9 am and 11 am, average simulated keratometry was evaluated using corneal topography and central corneal thickness was measured with ultrasound pachymetry, been considered the average of three measurements. Two patients were excluded due to surgery or eye disease, and previous use of topical steroids over the past three months. The surgeries were performed according to standard procedures. The formula [real IOP = IOP measured + (540 - ECC)/71 + (43 - K)/2.7 + 0.75 mmHg] proposed for correcting intraocular pressure was used. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes of eight patients were evaluated, age ranged from 24 to 46 years (mean: 31.37 ± 7.27). There was a statistically significant difference between the measurements of intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness and average simulated keratometry pre and post-LASIK. (p=0.0001). It was observed that each 1D corrected underestimated the IOP 1.06 ± 0.59 mmHg (0.11 a 1.89 mmHg). The use of the corrective formula lead to 80 percent of eyes within 2.50 mmHg of preoperative intraocular pressure. Although, the two sets of data are statistically different (p=0.0266). CONCLUSIONS: Post LASIK eyes presented lower intraocular pressure than preoperatively. Intraocular pressure was moderately correlated to central corneal thickness and weakly correlated to average simulated keratometry. With the use of the corrective formula, we were able to determine that 80 percent were within 2.50 mmHg of the preoperative intraocular pressure.
