IMPROVEMENT OF THE MODEL OF PREVENTION OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASM OF THE GASTRIC.

The fight against malignant neoplasms is one of the most important problems of health care in Ukraine; its relevance is due to the continuous growth of oncological morbidity in the population, the complexity of timely diagnosis and treatment, high cost, as well as quite high levels of disability and mortality of such patients. Gastric cancer, which remains one of the most common and deadly neoplasms in the world, occupies one of the leading positions among cancer. Aim - scientifically substantiate and develop a model for improving the organization of prevention of malignant neoplasms of the gastric. A study of performance indicators of oncology health care facilities and a survey of respondents was conducted: 180 respondents of patients with gastric cancer and precancerous diseases of the stomach using medical-statistical, sociological methods and questionnaires. A functional and organizational model for improving the prevention of malignant neoplasms of the stomach has been scientifically substantiated and developed. The features of the proposed model were the inclusion in it, in addition to the previously existing, innovative elements (an algorithm for early diagnosis and prevention of negative consequences of malignant neoplasms of the stomach at the level of primary medical care, reminders for primary medical care doctors regarding monitoring of risk factors and predictors of malignancy of precancerous stomach diseases, the allocation of a dynamic monitoring group due to the increased risk of precancerous gastric diseases becoming oncological), as well as previously existing, but functionally changed components (optimization of the functions of the primary care physician in relation to the information provision of the patient and his relatives; monitoring of risk factors for precancerous and cancerous stomach diseases, control and accounting for the implementation of the recommendations of specialist doctors and rehabilitation specialists), the interaction between which provided the model with a qualitatively new focus on achieving its strategic goal - preventing the occurrence and progression of the development of malignant neoplasms of the gastric. The proposed functional and organizational model will lead to a positive medical and social effect for the improvement of the organization of the prevention of gastric cancer in the main areas: systematicity, comprehensiveness and preventive direction. Its implementation will lead to an increase in early detection, coverage of dynamic monitoring of patients, as well as a projected economic effect due to a decrease in the specific weight of neglected forms of gastric cancer, improvement in survival and reduction in mortality.

Stress-Related Changes in the Expression and Activity of Plant Carbonic Anhydrases.

The data on stress-related changes in the expression and activity of plant carbonic anhydrases (CAs) suggest that they are generally upregulated at moderate stress severity. This indicates probable involvement of CAs in adaptation to drought, high salinity, heat, high light, Ci deficit, and excess bicarbonate. The changes in CA levels under cold stress are less studied and generally represented by the downregulation of CAs excepting ßCA2. Excess Cd2+ and deficit of Zn2+ specifically reduce CA activity and reduce its synthesis. Probable roles of ßCAs in stress adaptation include stomatal closure, ROS scavenging and partial compensation for decreased mesophyll CO2 conductance. ßCAs play contrasting roles in pathogen responses, interacting with phytohormone signaling networks. Their role can be either negative or positive, probably depending on the host-pathogen system, pathogen initial titer, and levels of ·NO and ROS. It is still not clear why CAs are suppressed under severe stress levels. It should be noted, that the role of ßCAs in the facilitation of CO2 diffusion and their involvement in redox signaling or ROS detoxication are potentially antagonistic, as they are inactivated by oxidation or nitrosylation. Interestingly, some chloroplastic ßCAs may be relocated to the cytoplasm under stress conditions, but the physiological meaning of this effect remains to be studied.

[POSSIBILITIES OF THE AUTOLIPOTRANSPLANTS APPLICATION IN REGENERATION OF DEFECTS OF CARTILAGE TISSUES AND ITS PRELAMINATION].

Possibilities of stimulation of the cartilage tissue regenerative properties in damage, using autolipofilling, were studied.The experimental investigations data witnesses efficacy of cartilage restoration while application of the method proposed. The data obtained are forcing for further investigation on possibilities of the cartilage tissue regeneration, using autolipotransplants.

[Possibilities of magnetic-laser therapy in comprehensive treatment of patients with brain concussion in acute period].

The efficacy of magnetic-laser therapy used according to the method developed by us was studied in patients having the brain concussion (BC) in an acute period. The study was based on the dynamics of values of the evoked vestibular potentials and the disease clinical course. It was shown that following the magnetic-laser therapy in combination with traditional pharmacotherapy in BC acute period, the statistically significant positive changes were registered in the quantitative characteristics of the evoked vestibular brain potentials that correlated with the dynamics of the disease clinical course. The data obtained substantiate the possibility of using the magnetic-laser therapy in patients with a mild craniocereblal injury in an acute period.

[Coronary reserve peculiarities in patients with ischemic heart diseases depending on gender and age aspects].

Results of clinical and functional studies of 183 patients with organic patology of the cardiovascular system are presented in the article. Coronary reserve peculiarities in women were determined depending on their age. The analysis of dynamics of quantity indicators of myocardium ischemia at hospitalization has shown that patients aged till 45 years have sexual dependence of distribution of changes of repolarization phase, patients older age group it is not so determined. During carrying out of loading tests the percent of the reached loading decreased with age increase, considerably conceding in women, quantitative changes of myocardium ischemia increased with age with an insignificant prevalence in men. Positive test was observed with maximum frequency in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). The analysis of haemodynamic shifts in patients with organic diseases has shown that similar changes correlated with a stable tendency to decrease in fraction of ejection fraction.

[Antitumor activity of some complex preparations in the culture of potato cells transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens].

Antitumor and antibacterial activity of complex preparations consisting of yeast mannan, diacetile-2,4-dioxohexahidro-1,3,5-triasine, cianohyanidine, alcansulfonic acids (emulsifier E-30), and microbial metabolites was studied. The investigation was carrying out on explants of tuber potato parenchyma infected by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. We found that preparations have the antitumor activity. The most activity was exhibited by addition of preparations to the cultural medium and treatment of explants before of infection.

[Effect of glucuronoxylomannan of Tremella mesenterica Ritz. Fr. (Basidiomycota) on the plants resistance to tobacco mosaic virus].

It has been established that extracellular polysaccharides of Glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), which are produced by Tremella mesenterica Ritz. Fr. (Basidiomycota), has antivirus properties and can induce the resistance to TMV in hypersensitive variety of tobacco. The resistance was blocked in the presence of actinomycin D. This process confirms that resistance has been activated with GXM de novo. GXM takes influence on the early stages of viruses and host plants interaction too, which are irrespective to cells genome activation.

[Inhibition of adenovirus reproduction in cell culture by specific antibodies].

The capacity of specific antibodies to inhibit the reproduction of homo- and heterologous adenoviruses in Hela cell added to culture medium after virus adsorption was studied. The inhibiting effect of polyclonal antivirus and monospecific antihexone antibodies to homo- and heterologous adenoviruses was shown. The effect was more expressed when using antibodies to homologous antibodies. The intensity of inhibition depended on antibodies concentration in the medium and infecting dose of the virus. Essential reduction of the quantity of infected cells and a decrease of the titer of adenovirus synthesized in the presence of homo- and heterologous antibodies was shown but adenovirus reproduction was not inhibited completely.

[Coronary reserve features in patients with ischemic heart disease regarding sex and age aspects].

The article presents results of clinical and functional observations of 183 patients. The authors have studied coronary reserve features in women against age and organic pathology of the vascular-heart system. An analysis of dynamics of quantitative parameters of myocardial ischemia during hospitalization showed existence of the relation between male and female in allocation of phase repolarization changes and it is seen till 45 years. This relation is disappearing in more aged patients. Load test showed that the percent of the reached load decreased with increase in age, considerably conceding in women, quantitative changes of myocardium ischemia increased with age and with an insignificant prevalence in men. Positive test was seen with maximal frequency in patients with acute forms of IHD. An analysis of hemodynamics shifts in groups of patients with organic diseases has shown that analogical changes were with a stable orientation to decrease in election fraction.

[Species composition of yeast-like fungi isolated from HIV-infected patients].

The strains of yeast-like fungi isolated from HIV-infected people in 1994-2005 were examined. It was found that a share of non-albicans strains increased up to 46.2%, in monoculture they were present in 40% of examined patients, Candida glabrata (21.3%) being the dominant species. The definition of proteolytic activity as one of the factors of pathogenicity showed that it was typical of 90% of museum strains and 58% of fresh isolates.

[Antimycotic sensitivity of yeast-like fungi isolated from HIV-infected patients].

Sensitivity of museum and fresh strains to antimycotics has been determined. 5-Fluorocytosine (86.2%) and amphotericine B (93.2%) were highly effective as to results on test-systems, considerable part of strains was resistant to fluconasole (93.2%) and itraconasole (62.1%). Due to disk-diffusion method it was determined that nystatine was an effective inhibitor of growth of 100% of all species cultures, amphotericine B--93.3%, resistance to clotrimasole was 56.6%. During the last three years the part of polyresistant strains of yeastlike fungi exceeds considerably the critical level. A comparison of antibiotic sensitivity of C. albicans representatives and strains of non-albicans species did not manifest cardinal differences.

[Long-term results of treatment of chronic B-cell lymphoid leukocytes in persons who participated in the elimination of the effects of the nuclear accident at the Chernobyl nuclear station]. / Rezul'taty likuvannia khronichnoho B-klitynnoho limfoleikozu v uchasnykiv likvidatsiï naslidkiv avariï na ChAES u viddalenomu periodi.

Clinical-and-hematological characteristics are presented of B-cell chronic lymphoid leukosis in those persons who took part in the elimination of the effects of the Chornobyl accident in the remote period. Results are highlighted of treatment of 16 patients with making use of different chemical drug preparations. Employment of fludarabin and cyclophosphan combined in treatment of the medical condition in question has been shown to promote long-term complete and partial remissions in a major proportion of patients, which effect was not achievable with standard means of remediation. A side effect of fludarabin was leukocytopenia that in the presence of changed immunity threatened the patients with development and exacerbation of infections complications. Use of manax and erbisol moderated the immunosuppressive and toxic action of fludarabin, due to which fact infectious complications and drug-induced hepatitis have came to be less common, the patients' quality of life gotten better.

[Some specific indices for stress tests in patients with ischemic heart disease concurrent with chronic cholecystitis]. / Osoblyvosti pokaznykiv stres-testiv u khvorykh na ishemichnu khvorobu sertsia u poiednanni z khronichnym kholetsystytom.

The myocardial coronary reserve and functional state were studied in patients with ischemic heart disease concurrent with chronic choletistitis against the background of a stress-test (veloergometry). Particular features are discussed of hemodynamic changes in conducting exercise tolerance tests in coronary patients presenting with diseases that lead to a reduction in the myocardial coronary reserve and decrement in performance capability of the heart.

[Relaparotomy: clinical, strategic and organizational aspects]. / Relaparotomiia: klinicheskie, takticheskie i organizatsionnye aspekty.

The results of relaparotomy (RL) performance in 118 patients were analyzed. Mortality was 16.1%. In 50.8% of patients RL was done with delay. There were proposed for timely diagnosis of postoperative complications to use the "alarm" symptoms group and during RL performance--to follow definite technical methods and rules. The RL performance necessity in 62.7% patients was caused by surgical technique failures and nonrational method of the first operation choice.

[The identification of freshly isolated strains, the causative agents of human candidiasis and the search for effective antifungal probiotics]. / Identyfikatsiia svizhovydilenykh shtamiv--zbudnykiv kandydoziv liudyny i poshuk efektyvnykh protyhrybkovykh probiotykiv.

The species variety of yeasts of the genus Candida in children and patients with AIDS has been investigated. Composition of the studied species was found to be similar in newborns and in women with candidiasis. In order to create new probiotics with antifungal properties, the cluster analysis of antagonistic activity of some Bacillus strains against Enterobacteriaceae, Candida, normoflora and food-fermenting lactobacteria has been conducted. There were selected the combinations of some Bacillus strains, which effectively inhibited pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms and at the same time had no effect on intestinal normoflora.

The Electrophilic Behavior of Stable Phosphanylcarbenes Towards Phosphorus Lone Pairs.

As expected for a singlet carbene, the stable phosphanylsilylcarbene 1 possesses an accessible vacant orbital, as shown by reactions with Lewis bases such as phosphanes and a bimetallic complex containing a side-on-coordinated full blockC:full blockP identical withPfull blockC:full block moiety (see the reaction scheme). R=cHex(2)N.

[The treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease: the potentials for hypolipidemic correction using current drugs]. / Likuvannia khronichnoï ishemichnoï khvoroby serdtsia: mozhlyvosti hipolipidemichnoi korektsiï iz zastosuvanniam suchasnykh likars'kykh zasobiv.

The data obtained by the authors suggest that lipanor may correct those lipid metabolic disturbances that are most pronounced in each individual case. Moreover, the above drug is capable of lowering substantially the level of total blood cholesterol and atherogenic fractions of lipoproteins as early as at day 14 after its intake. Being associated with minimum adverse effects, and intended to be taken on a once-daily schedule, the drug will, we believe, come in wide use.

[The characteristics of the realization of myocardial ischemia as dependent on stress test results in women with myocardial lesions of various origins]. / Osoblyvosti realizatsiï ishemiï miokarda zalezhno vid rezul'tativ stres-testiv u zhinok z urazhenniam miokarda riznoho henezu.

Overall, 72 female subjects presenting with chest pain and/or ST changes in ECG were studied. Average age of the examinees was 44.6 years, all the above women being less than 67 years old. Certain differences were found in those subjects presenting with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction, unstable angina, function disorders of the cardiovascular system, as per transesophageal electrocardiostimulation. Stress-tests results were studied for an objective appraisal to be done of the myocardium function state.