ABSTRACT
Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is the current name for clinical manifestations of diseases previously known as "infantile systemic hyalinosis" and "juvenile hyaline fibromatosis". The authors report representative clinical cases of each one of the above subtypes with emphasis on cutaneous manifestations and difficulties for early diagnosis in this syndrome, essentially of multidisciplinary approach.
Subject(s)
Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome/pathology , Skin/pathology , Biopsy , Child, Preschool , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome/therapy , MaleABSTRACT
Abstract Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome is the current name for clinical manifestations of diseases previously known as “infantile systemic hyalinosis” and “juvenile hyaline fibromatosis”. The authors report representative clinical cases of each one of the above subtypes with emphasis on cutaneous manifestations and difficulties for early diagnosis in this syndrome, essentially of multidisciplinary approach.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Skin/pathology , Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome/pathology , Biopsy , Early Diagnosis , Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome/therapyABSTRACT
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is an anionic surfactant used in cleaning products, which is usually found in wastewaters. Despite the greater LAS removal rate related to a lower concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA), the influence of different ranges of VFA on LAS degradation is not known. LAS degradation was evaluated in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors at different ranges of VFA concentrations. The reactors were fed with a synthetic wastewater containing LAS (14 mg/L). A greater LAS removal rate (40-80%) was related to the lower and narrower range of acetic acid concentration (1-22 mg/L) in the EGSB reactor. In the UASB reactor, the acetic acid concentrations presented a wider range (2-45 mg/L), and some low LAS removal rates (around 20-25%) were observed even at low acetic acid concentrations (<10 mg/L). The high recirculation rate in the EGSB reactor improved substrate-biomass contact, which resulted in a narrower range of VFA and greater LAS removal rate.
Subject(s)
Alkanesulfonic Acids/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Volatile/chemistry , Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods , Acetic Acid/chemistry , Alkanesulfonic Acids/chemistry , Anaerobiosis , Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis , Biomass , Bioreactors , Detergents/chemistry , Detergents/metabolism , Sewage , Time Factors , Waste Disposal, Fluid/instrumentation , Wastewater/chemistryABSTRACT
Sugarcane bagasse pretreated by three different procedures (with 2% [v/v] polyethyleneimine (PEI), with 2% [w/v] NaOH, or with a sequence of NaOH and PEI) was used as cell immobilization carrier for xylitol production by Candida guilliermondii yeast. Fermentations using these pretreated carriers were performed in semidefined medium and in a hydrolysate medium produced from sugarcane bagasse hemicellulose. Sugarcane bagasse pretreated with NaOH was the best carrier obtained with respect to immobilization efficiency, because it was able to immobilize a major quantity of cells (0.30 g of cells/g of bagasse). Fermentation in semidefined medium using the NaOH-pretreated carrier attained a high efficiency of xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion (96% of the theoretical value). From hydrolysate medium, the bioconversion efficiency was lower (63%), probably owing to the presence of other substances in the medium that caused an inadequate mass transfer to the cells. In this fermentation medium, better results with relation to xylitol production were obtained by using PEI-pretreated carrier (xylose-to-xylitol bioconversion of 81% of the theoretical and volumetric productivity of 0.43 g/[L.h]). The results showed that sugarcane bagasse is a low-cost material with great potential for use as cell immobilization carrier in the fermentative process for xylitol production.
