[Antagonistic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from apparently healthy and osteoporotic women].

Antagonistic activity of 74 cultures of lactic acid bacteria, isolated from healthy and osteoporotic women-patients aged 50-79 years, has been studied. It has been shown that the inhibitory effect of the strain studied was independent of the health of women (control group of women or patients with osteoporosis), but had strain specificity. Seventeen most active strains of lactobacilli, which showed the highest inhibitory activity against B. cereus, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris were selected. Only 6 strains of lactobacillus demonstrated specific antagonistic activity against the test-strains.

[Identification and biological properties of intestinal lactic acid bacteria isolated from aged women].

The strains of lactic acid bacteria have been isolated from the intestine of older women. These strains were identified and their biological activity was studied. It has been established that Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. plantarum, L. salivarius var. salivarius and Enterococcus faecium had the highest antagonistic activity against opportunistic microorganisms. It has been revealed, that the adhesive properties and antibiotic resistance of the tested cultures had strain specificity. Most of the isolates were highly adhesive and did not produce hemolysins.

[Microbiocenosis of intestine and nutrition of healthy and osteoporotic aged women].

The composition of microflora of the distal part of intestine of 25 healthy and osteoporotic women-patients aged 50-79 years, depending on their diet, has been studied. The quantitative composition of intestinal microflora of women with osteoporosis, indicates the presence of dysbiosis caused by the decrease in the content of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli and a high level of undesirable microorganisms. The content of 78 nutrients in the diet of the examined women was analyzed. It was shown that the diet of patients with osteoporosis was more calorie rich and included a higher amount of essential nutrients than the diet of healthy women. The indicators of bone mineral density, depending on the number of representatives of nine groups of microorganisms isolated from the contents of the distal part of intestine, were analyzed. It has been well established that with an increase in the number of enterococci in the contents of the distal part of intestine the deterioration of the structural-functional state of the bone tissue can be observed.

[Probiotic properties of industrial strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria].

Lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria were isolated from the samples of dry microbial substance "Vivolac" and identified. The lactic acid bacteria were identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus. L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, L. paracasei. Bifidobacteria belonged to the species Bifidobacterium animalis. Manifestation of biological activity of all studied strains was investigated. It was shown, that adhesive activity of the studied strains depended on the genus of the strain: lactobacilli manifested medium adhesiveness to buccal epithelium (medium adhesive index 2.07-2.26), bifidobacteria manifested high adhesiveness (medium adhesive index 4.11-4.76). Antagonism against pathogenic and opportunistic reference strains was manifested to a greater extent to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria were resistant to aminoglycosides. Sensitivity of the studied strains to antibiotics did not depend on the genus and species of microorganism. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains were capable to survive in gastric juice and at different concentration of bile, which is promising for development of probiotic preparations on the basis of these strains.

[Taxonomic position of bifidobacteria and modern methods for their identification].

Literature data, concerning current state of taxonomy of microorganisms of genus Bifidobacterium are presented in the review. The question of creation of necessary conditions for accurate identification of these bacteria has been revealed, as well as the basic principles of novel molecular-genetic approaches for microorganisms' typing (as they are used for the detection and identification of bifidobacteria) have been described. Main information sources in systematics, classification and nomenclature have been listed. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.

[Antagonistic properties of bifidobacteria isolated from different natural sources].

Thirty (30) bifidobacterial strains were isolated from different natural sources (intestinal tract of human, cattle, insects, mice, dolphins, dairy products) are investigated. The belonging of all strains studied to genus Bifidobacterium was determined according to phenotype properties and PCR method. Antagonistic properties of the strains were studied on the media with glucose and some probiotics. The highest antagonistic activity was shown by strain grown on the medium with glucose (zones of growth inhibition were from 6.3 up to 25.3 mm), the lowest--on the media with inulin (0 - 18.3 mm). The activity of some bifidobacterial strains on media with lactulose and inulin can be considered as their inclusion to synbiotics.

[Antibiotic sensitivity of bifidobacteria isolated from different natural sources].

Antibiotic sensitivity of 30 strains of bifidobacteria isolated from various ecologic sources has been investigated. All the studied strains of bifidobacteria were sensitive to nitrofurans, macrolides, linkosamides. Bifidobacteria strains isolated from people and farm animals displayed more frequently resistance to fusidine, cefasoline and doxycycline compared with the strains which were isolated from other natural sources. Most of the studied strains of bifidobacteria were resistant to oxacylline. Representatives of the species Bifidobacterium liberorum, B. catenulatum, B. bifidum, B. adolescentis, B. breve, B. ruminale and B. globosum were most resistant to the studied antibiotics.