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1.
Radiologia (Engl Ed) ; 65(6): 502-508, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38049249

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Abnormalities of placental implantation, which make up the spectrum of placenta accreta, are associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality due to massive bleeding during delivery. Placing aortic occlusion balloons helps control the bleeding, facilitating surgical intervention. A new device, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), minimizes the risks and complications associated with the placement of traditional aortic balloons and is also efficacious in controlling bleeding. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness, efficacy, and safety of REBOA in puerperal bleeding due to abnormalities of placental implantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between November 2019 and November 2021, our interventional radiology team placed six REBOA devices in six women scheduled for cesarean section due to placenta accrete. RESULTS: Mean blood loss during cesarean section after REBOA (3507.5 mL) was similar to the amounts reported for other aortic balloons. The mean number of units of packed red blood cells required for transfusion was 3.5. Using REBOA provided the surgical team with adequate conditions to perform the surgery. There were no complications derived from REBOA, and the mean ICU stay was <2 days. CONCLUSION: The technical characteristics of the REBOA device make it a safe and useful alternative for controlling massive bleeding in patients with placenta accreta.


Subject(s)
Balloon Occlusion , Placenta Accreta , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Placenta Accreta/therapy , Cesarean Section/adverse effects , Placenta , Aorta , Hemorrhage/etiology , Hemorrhage/therapy , Balloon Occlusion/adverse effects
2.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 65(6): 502-508, Nov-Dic. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-227226

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo: Las anomalías en la implantación placentaria, que conforman el espectro de la placenta acreta, son causa de alta morbimortalidad maternal por la hemorragia masiva que se produce en estas pacientes durante el parto. La colocación previa de balones de oclusión aórticos ayuda a controlar el sangrado, disminuyéndolo y facilitando la intervención quirúrgica. Existe un nuevo balón de oclusión aórtico denominado REBOA que minimiza los riesgos y las complicaciones asociadas a la colocación de los balones aórticos tradicionales además de lograr el control de las hemorragias. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la utilidad, la eficacia y la seguridad del balón REBOA en las hemorragias puerperales por anomalías en la implantación placentaria. Material y métodos: Desde noviembre del 2019 hasta noviembre del 2021 se han colocado, por parte de radiología intervencionista, 6 balones REBOA en 6 mujeres que iban a ser tratadas mediante cesárea programada de acretismo placentario. Resultado: En el estudio realizado, las pérdidas de volumen sanguíneo durante la cesárea tras la colocación del balón REBOA son similares a las reportadas en la literatura con otros balones aórticos, con una media de 3.507,5ml. La media de requerimientos transfusionales fue de 3,5 concentrados de hematíes. El uso del balón REBOA proporcionó al equipo quirúrgico unas condiciones adecuadas para realizar la cirugía. No hubo complicaciones derivadas de su colocación y la estancia media en UCI de las pacientes fue inferior a 2 días. Conclusión: El balón REBOA, gracias a sus características técnicas, se plantea como una nueva alternativa segura y útil para el control de las hemorragias masivas en las pacientes con acretismo placentario.(AU)


Background and aims: Abnormalities of placental implantation, which make up the spectrum of placenta accreta, are associated with high maternal morbidity and mortality due to massive bleeding during delivery. Placing aortic occlusion balloons helps control the bleeding, facilitating surgical intervention. A new device, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), minimizes the risks and complications associated with the placement of traditional aortic balloons and is also efficacious in controlling bleeding. The aim of this study is to evaluate the usefulness, efficacy, and safety of REBOA in puerperal bleeding due to abnormalities of placental implantation. Material and methods: Between November 2019 and November 2021, our interventional radiology team placed six REBOA devices in six women scheduled for cesarean section due to placenta accrete. Results Mean blood loss during cesarean section after REBOA (3507.5mL) was similar to the amounts reported for other aortic balloons. The mean number of units of packed red blood cells required for transfusion was 3.5. Using REBOA provided the surgical team with adequate conditions to perform the surgery. There were no complications derived from REBOA, and the mean ICU stay was < 2 days. Conclusion The technical characteristics of the REBOA device make it a safe and useful alternative for controlling massive bleeding in patients with placenta accreta.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Postpartum Hemorrhage , Balloon Occlusion , Endovascular Procedures , Aorta, Abdominal , Placenta Accreta/diagnostic imaging , Radiology, Interventional , Radiology , Retrospective Studies , Pregnant Women , Placenta
3.
Cir Pediatr ; 34(1): 43-46, 2021 Jan 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33507644

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Enterocutaneous fistula treatment in patients undergoing multiple surgeries is complex and requires creative solutions. We present the case of an enterocutaneous fistula managed with laser diode and cyanoacrylates. CLINICAL CASE: 15-year-old patient, diagnosed with ulcerative colitis at 12 years of age, undergoing full colectomy with urgent ileostomy as a result of a flare-up refractory to medical treatment. Five months later, an ileoanal pull-through with pouch was carried out, leaving a protection ileostomy in place. However, postoperative evolution was poor, with pelvic infection, so two further urgent open surgeries were required for lavage and hemostasis purposes. Six months later, anastomotic stricture was noted. It was healed following various pneumatic dilations under ultrasound vision and at-home dilations using Hegar dilators. One year following this, ileostomy was closed, but one month later, abdominal distension occurred. It was associated with a fistula in the abdominal midline, which could be endoscopically guided, with its origin being located at the ileoanal anastomosis. Laser diode sessions were applied for treatment purposes, with partial improvement, but still with gas emission. One year later, embolization was performed by placing platinum coils and lipiodol-diluted cyanoacrylates, and clinical signs disappeared. 17 months following this surgery, the patient has no symptoms, with full day and night fecal continence and 3 daily stools, and the fistula is completely closed. CONCLUSION: Combined treatment with laser diode and platinum coil and cyanoacrylate embolization proves effective in the management of enterocutaneous fistula, with low morbidity.


INTRODUCCION: El tratamiento de las fístulas enterocutáneas establecidas en pacientes multioperados es complejo y requiere de soluciones creativas. Presentamos la resolución de un caso con láser diodo y con cianoacrilatos. CASO CLINICO: Paciente de 15 años, diagnosticado a los 12 de colitis ulcerosa y sometido a pancolectomía con ileostomía urgente por brote refractario al tratamiento médico. Cinco meses después se realizó un descenso ileoanal con reservorio dejando ileostomía de protección, pero presentó un posoperatorio tórpido con infección pélvica, precisando dos nuevas laparotomías urgentes, para lavado y hemostasia. Seis meses después, se evidenció una estenosis de la anastomosis que se resolvió tras varias dilataciones, neumáticas bajo visión endoscópica y domiciliarias con tallos de Hegar. Un año después se cerró la ileostomía, presentando al mes una distensión abdominal y aparición de fístula en línea media abdominal, que pudo tutorizarse endoscópicamente, observando su origen en la anastomosis ileoanal. Se trató mediante sesiones de láser diodo, con mejoría parcial, aunque persistía la salida de gases. Un año después se embolizó implantando espirales de platino y cianoacrilatos diluidos con lipiodol, resolviéndose totalmente el cuadro. Transcurridos 17 meses de esta última intervención, el paciente se encuentra asintomático, con continencia fecal total diurna y nocturna, tres deposiciones al día y la fístula está totalmente cerrada. CONCLUSION: El tratamiento con láser diodo, combinado con embolización con espirales de platino y cianoacrilatos, puede ser un tratamiento eficaz con baja morbilidad de las fístulas enterocutáneas establecidas.


Subject(s)
Intestinal Fistula , Postoperative Complications , Adolescent , Colectomy , Humans , Ileostomy , Intestinal Fistula/etiology , Intestinal Fistula/therapy , Lasers , Postoperative Complications/surgery
4.
Cir Pediatr ; 32(1): 41-45, 2019 Jan 21.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30714700

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: High morbidity has been described in secondary chylothorax. Thoracic duct embolization (TDE) after intranodal lymphangiography (IL) is one of the treatments in adults but there is poor experience in children. We aim to describe our experience with this technique for refractory pediatric chylothorax. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with refractory chylothorax treated with thoracic duct embolization at our Institution in the last 4 years was performed. Lymphatic vessels visualization was obtained by intranodal lymphangiography with ethiodized oil. Demographic and clinical data as well as imaging findings were collected. RESULTS: A total of 4 patients were treated during the study period with a median of age and weight of 2.5 months (1-16) and 4.25 kg (2.8-10) respectively. Chylothorax was secondary to cardiothoracic surgery in 3 patients and to venous thrombosis in the other one. Medical treatment was provided during a median of 47 days (13-56) without benefit in thoracic output [median: 46 ml/kg/day (19-64)]. After IL, thoracic duct catheterization was achieved in one patient however embolization was not possible. Chylothorax stopped in the 3 post-surgical patients regardless of how much lymphatic visualization was achieved in IL. In the venous thrombosis patient surgical treatment was performed 6 days after the study. CONCLUSION: IL can be a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in children. Ethiodized oil seems to seal lymphatic leak in postsurgical chylothorax. IL could be an option for chylothorax in patients too sick for surgical treatment or in whom thoracic duct embolization is not feasible.


INTRODUCCION: El quilotórax secundario es una entidad rara con una alta morbilidad. La embolización del conducto torácico (CT) mediante linfangiografía intranodal (LI) con aceite etiodizado (AE) forma parte del arsenal terapéutico del quilotórax en el adulto. Presentamos nuestra experiencia con esta técnica en pacientes pediátricos con quilotórax refractario al tratamiento médico. METODOS: Estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes tratados en nuestro centro por quilotórax refractario con LI en los últimos 4 años. Se recogieron los datos epidemiológicos, clínicos, terapéuticos y linfangiográficos. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 4 pacientes, con unas medianas de edad y peso de 2,5 meses (1-16) y 4,25 kg (2,8-10) respectivamente. En 3 de los pacientes el quilotórax fue secundario a cirugía cardiaca y en el restante a trombosis extensa de vena cava superior. La mediana de débito fue de 46 ml/kg/día (19-64) y la de tiempo de tratamiento médico de 47 días (13-56). En todos ellos se realizó LI, opacificándose el CT solo en un paciente, sin lograrse la embolización. A pesar de ello, tras la LI, el quilotórax cesó en el grupo postquirúrgico independientemente del nivel de opacificación del árbol linfático. En el paciente secundario a trombosis, se realizó ligadura quirúrgica del CT 6 días después del estudio. CONCLUSIONES: La LI es una técnica diagnóstica e incluso terapéutica en casos de quilotórax refractario, que comienza a ser necesaria y realizable en centros con experiencia. El AE parece sellar la fuga linfática por un mecanismo embolizante en casos postquirúrgicos, eliminando la necesidad del cierre quirúrgico.


Subject(s)
Chylothorax/therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic/methods , Lymphography/methods , Thoracic Duct/diagnostic imaging , Chylothorax/diagnostic imaging , Chylothorax/etiology , Ethiodized Oil/administration & dosage , Humans , Infant , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Venous Thrombosis/complications
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