ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The effect of the vitamin K antagonist acenocoumarol on coagulation needs to be reversed when patients undergo an invasive procedure with considerable bleeding risk. A strategy to achieve this is by administering oral vitamin K before a procedure while continuing acenocoumarol. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect on periprocedural international normalized ratio (INR) values and safety using oral vitamin K as anticoagulant reversal method. METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, consecutive patients using acenocoumarol undergoing elective procedures between 2019 and 2022 were included. According to standard of care in our hospital, patients took 10 mg oral vitamin K 36 to 48 hours before the procedure while continuing their normal use of acenocoumarol. Effectiveness to lower INR to <1.8 preprocedural was assessed. Bleeding and thrombotic complications within 30 days after the procedure were assessed. Periprocedural course of INR was monitored by collecting additional blood samples. RESULTS: Seventy-four patients were included for analysis. On the day of the procedure, an adequate INR of <1.8 was achieved in 99% of patients. One clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding complication and no thrombotic complications were observed during the first 30 days after the procedure. INR gradually restored to therapeutic level during the days after the procedure. CONCLUSION: Using oral vitamin K while patients continue acenocoumarol intake is an effective way to adequately lower INR before an invasive procedure. Low amount of bleeding complications and absence of thromboembolic complications suggest that this is a safe strategy. The INR values returned gradually to therapeutic range after the procedure, probably contributing to the observed low bleeding rate.
Subject(s)
Acenocoumarol , Anticoagulants , Blood Coagulation , International Normalized Ratio , Vitamin K , Humans , Acenocoumarol/administration & dosage , Acenocoumarol/adverse effects , Vitamin K/antagonists & inhibitors , Prospective Studies , Anticoagulants/administration & dosage , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Aged , Female , Male , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Middle Aged , Administration, Oral , Aged, 80 and over , Hemorrhage/chemically induced , Treatment Outcome , Elective Surgical Procedures , Time Factors , Drug Monitoring/methods , Drug Administration ScheduleABSTRACT
A 59-year-old woman presented with right-sided abdominal pain. Ultrasound was suggestive of acute appendicitis. Laparoscopy showed inflammation of a solitary caecal diverticulum, a rare congenital malformation. Uncomplicated caecal diverticulitis can mimic appendicitis clinically and sonographically, but does not require surgical intervention. An additional CT-scan can clarify the diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Appendicitis , Diverticulitis , Abdominal Pain/diagnosis , Abdominal Pain/etiology , Appendicitis/diagnosis , Appendicitis/diagnostic imaging , Diagnosis, Differential , Diverticulitis/complications , Diverticulitis/diagnosis , Diverticulitis/surgery , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: Medical ward care has been increasingly reallocated from medical doctors (MDs) to physician assistants (PAs). Insight into their roles and tasks is limited. This study aims to provide insight into different organizational models of medical ward care, focusing on the position, tasks and responsibilities of the involved PAs and MDs. METHODS: In this cross-sectional descriptive study 34 hospital wards were included. Characteristics of the organizational models were collected from the heads of departments. We documented provider continuity by examination of work schedules. MDs and PAs in charge for medical ward care (n = 179) were asked to complete a questionnaire to measure workload, supervision and tasks performed. RESULTS: We distinguished four different organizational models for ward care: medical specialists in charge of admitted patients (100% MS), medical residents in charge (100% MR), PAs in charge (100% PA), both MRs and PAs in charge (mixed PA/MR). The wards with PAs had the highest provider continuity. PAs spend relatively more time on direct patient care; MDs spend relatively more time on indirect patient care. PAs spend more hours on quality projects (P = 0.000), while MDs spend more time on scientific research (P = 0.030). CONCLUSION: Across different organizational models for medical ward care, we found variations in time per task, time per bed and provider continuity. Further research should focus on the impact of these differences on outcomes and efficiency of medical ward care.
