ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To propose and evaluate a novel surgical approach with minimal trauma, termed interseptal bone reduction, combined with the use of a conventional orthodontic fixed appliance to accelerate canine retraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A split-mouth design study was conducted in 18 female subjects (mean age, 21.9 years) whose bilateral upper first premolars were extracted and who subsequently received canine distalization. The extraction socket on the experimental side was deepened, and interseptal bone distal to the maxillary canine was reduced in thickness using a surgical bur; conventional extraction was performed on the control side. The canines were then distalized using elastomeric chains on both the labial and palatal sides, with a net force of 150 g. The extent of canine movement and rotation was determined from study models, and the angulation was analyzed based on lateral cephalograms. RESULTS: A Wilcoxon signed rank test demonstrated that the extent of canine movement in the mesio-distal direction after 3 months was significantly greater on the experimental side than on the control side (5.4 and 3.4 mm, respectively, P â=â .002). However, there was no statistically significant difference in canine angulation or rotation after 3 months between the experimental and control sides. CONCLUSIONS: In combination with the use of conventional orthodontic appliances, interseptal bone reduction can enhance the rate of canine movement when interseptal bone is sufficiently reduced in both thickness and depth following surgical criteria.
Subject(s)
Cuspid/pathology , Maxilla/surgery , Osteotomy/methods , Tooth Movement Techniques/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Alveolectomy/methods , Anatomic Landmarks/diagnostic imaging , Bicuspid/surgery , Cephalometry/methods , Elastomers/chemistry , Female , Humans , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Orthodontic Appliances , Orthodontic Brackets , Orthodontic Wires , Radiography, Bitewing , Rotation , Tooth Extraction/methods , Tooth Movement Techniques/instrumentation , Tooth Socket/surgery , Young AdultABSTRACT
Tissue engineering-based bone grafting has emerged as a viable alternative to biologic and synthetic grafts. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD; Emdogain gel, Biora AB, Malmö, Sweden) on bioactive glass in enhancing bone formation in rat calvarium defects. Twenty rats were used in the study. In all animals, 2 standardized critical-sized calvarial defects (5.0 mm diameter) were created surgically. The animals were randomly allocated into 4 groups of 5 animals each. Group AI: one calvarial defect was filled with bioactive glass plus EMD, while the contralateral defect was filled with bioactive glass alone. The healing period was 2 weeks. Groups AII and AIII: the animals were treated in the same manner as in group AI, but the healing periods were 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Group B: one calvarial defect was filled with EMD only, while the contralateral defect was empty (CSD). The healing period was 8 weeks. New bone formation was evaluated by radiomorphometry and histomorphometry. Results of radiomorphometry showed no significant difference in the mean optical density between bioactive glass with EMD and bioactive glass alone; no defect completely regenerated with bone. The histologic analysis revealed that defects filled with bioactive glass plus EMD in all groups contained slightly more percentage of new bone than those filled with bioactive glass alone; however, the difference was not statistically significant. The highest percentage of new bone formation was present at 8 weeks in the bioactive glass plus EMD group. Bioactive glass particles, used with or without EMD, maintained the volume and contour of the area grafted in CSD. However, they did not lead to a significant difference in bone formation when compared with CSD 8 weeks postoperatively.
