[Prognostic value of the androgenic function state of patients with lung cancer].

The authors have studied interconnection between daily excretion of androgenous metabolites and life-span of patients with lung cancer of different histological gradation. Positive correlation was found between life-span of patients with lung cancer and index of androsterone daily excretion. The patients with lung cancer of high differentiation had their androgenous fractions daily excretion compared with those of healthy persons, and patients with the lung cancer of middle and low degree of differentiation had their androgenous fractions daily excretion considerably lower than those of healthy persons.

Biodistribution analysis of cisplatin in liposomal form in animals with cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive carcinoma.

AIM: To analyze the relation between pharmacokinetics of cisplatin in liposomal form and antitumor efficacy toward cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive variants of Guerin carcinoma. METHODS: Concentration of platinum was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (C115M1 "Selmi", Ukraine). Elimination constant was calculated based on the dynamics of cisplatin concentration in time period between 1 h to 24 h using nonlinear regression analysis. Area under curve (AUC24) was calculated by the trapezium method. RESULTS: It was shown that for liposomal form of cisplatin (LCp) AUC24 in tumor practically didn't depend on the level of the tumor sensitivity, while in animals with the resistant variant (CpRGC), AUC24 for free cisplatin (FCp) decreased by 70% less (p < 0.001) as compared to the sensitive tumor strain (CpSGC). Significant decrease of elimination constant of LCp compared to FCp in blood serum of rats bearing either CpRGC or CpSGC tumors favors cisplatin accumulation in tumor tissues with low vascularization level. The dynamics of cisplatin concentration in CpRGC variant was characterized by 90% higher level in 24 h after administration of LCp as compared to FCp (p < 0.05). This fact may explain increased antitumor efficacy of LCp compared to FCp toward CpRGC variant. In the study of kidney function, AUC24 index for LCp was by 68.6% (p < 0.01) and 50.7% (p < 0.05) lower than AUC24 index for FCp in rats with CpRGC and CpSGC variants, respectively. No significant differences have been found in biodistribution of cisplatin in both pharmaceutical forms in liver and lung in CpRGC- or CpSGC-bearing rats. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that cisplatin in liposomal form possesses higher specificity of antitumor action than free cisplatin.

[Impact of anthelminthic therapy for opisthorchiasis on the biochemical parameters of hepatic function]. / Effekt terapii na biokhimicheskie pokazateli funktsii pecheni pri opistorkhoze.

A response of a complex of biochemical parameters of hepatic function to therapeutic exposures was studied at different stages of development of Opisthorchis invasion. The activity of AST, ALT, GGT, GGT, AP, AM, and CE and the concentration of bilirubin, cholesterol, and glucose in the sera from 232 patients with acute or chronic opisthorchiasis were studied. Their study was conducted in several steps: before treatment, after a course of pathogenetic therapy, 1-3 days after antihelminthic therapy with bilthricide and azinox, in early (following 1-3 months) and late (following more than 6 months) residual periods. Pathogenetic therapy was found to alleviate an acute inflammatory process in the liver, but without eliminating cholestasis completely. Antihelminthic therapy improved the results of hepatic tests in different periods after treatment for acute or chronic opisthorchiasis in relation to the rate of compensation of structural lesions. By and large, after pathogenetic and antihelminthic therapy for opisthorchiasis the parameters characterizing the cytolytic syndrome became more rapidly than those that reflect the biliary system. However, there was no complete recovery of impaired hepatic and pancreatic functions throughout the follow-up.

[Biochemical characteristics of hepatic functions in different clinical forms of chronic opisthorchiasis]. / Biokhimicheskaia kharakteristika funktsii pecheni pri razlichnykh klinicheskikh formakh khronicheskogo opistorkhoza.

The main biochemical indices of hepatic functions (the activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, alpha-amylase, choline esterase and the concentrations of total bilirubin, cholesterol, and glucose) were studied in the sera of 256 patients with chronic opisthorchiasis. It was found that with diseases manifested in different clinical forms (cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholangiocholecystitis, cholangiohepatitis, cholecystitis in combination with pancreatitis), most study indices are within the normal ranges, but significantly differ from the means in a group of apparently healthy individuals. The findings suggest that such clinical forms of opisthorchiais as cholangiocholecystitis and cholangiohepatitis are characterized by manifestations of cytolysis and cholestasis, as cholecystitis is manifested by cytolysis, as cholecystitis in combination with pancreatitis, by cholestasis, and as cholangitis, by cholestasis and hepatic cell insufficiency. It is possible that further studies will provide evidence for how to correct detected disorders during pathogenetic therapy.

[Use of WOBE-MUGOS E for prevention and correction of experimental doxorubicin side-effects]. / Ispol'zovanie VOBE-MUGOS E dlia profilaktiki i korrektsii pobochnykh reaktsii doksorubitsina gidrokhlorida v éksperimente.

Examined in treating rats with Guerin's carcinoma with doxorubicin was the possibility that the polyenzymic drug preparation wobe-mugos E had hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and myeloprotective effects. In intramuscular administration wobe-mugos E has not been found to stimulate the tumour growth, it exhibited a manifest hepatoprotective and myeloprotective actions with respect to adverse reactions of doxorubicin but failed to diminish cardiotoxicity of the latter. The protective effect of the above polyenzymic drug was of a dose-dependent character.

[Problems in assessing carcinogenic risk of exposure to chemical pollution of the environment]. / Problema otsenki kantserogennogo riska vozdeistviia khimicheskikh zagriaznenii okruzhaiushchei sredy.

The main stages of and principles of methodology of assessment of a carcinogenic risk from exposure to environmental factors are considered. The carcinogenic risks of exposure to MAC of in the ambient air of the populated areas, in the reservoir water, and in the air of a working zone were calculated by using the carcinogenic potential. Analyzing the data obtained has indicated that a great variety of potential carcinogens presents a high risk even if the hygienic standards approved now are followed. The methodological and organization aspects of the use of the procedure for assessing carcinogenic risks in Russia are discussed.

[Problems in the prediction and assessment of total chemical load on the human body using computer technologies]. / Problemy prognozirovaniia i otsenki obshchei khimicheskoi nagruzki na organizm cheloveka s primeneniem komp'iuternykh tekhnologii.

The paper deals with trends in the development of upto-date computer-assisted multimedia systems and defines the promising trends in their practical use in hygienic investigations. Analyzing the structure and elements of foreign computer systems has led to the conclusion that they should be adapted to the Russian conditions. The authors outlined the problems which are associated with the development of Russian multimedia systems and the adaptation of foreign ones to the Russian conditions. One of the basically important issues is a discrepancy found in the American reference doses (concentrations) and daily doses given to the population when the hygiene regulations accepted in Russia are observed.

[The use of propes in the combined treatment of malignant lymphomas]. / Primenenie propesa v kompleksnom lechenii zlokachestvennykh limfom.

Results are submitted of use of propes during different phases of treatment in 36 patients with malignant lymphomas. The above drug is associated with no complications or side effects, inhibits the development of the tumor process. The employment of propes permits enhancing both natural resistance of the organism and its killer activity. It is an effective aid to cytostatic therapy as a way for prophylaxis of hypoplasia of haemopoiesis which can be successfully used in other malignant tumors.

[The treatment of Hodgkin's disease by taking into account individual sensitivity to antitumor preparations]. / Lechenie bolezni Khodzhkina s uchetom individual'noi chuvstvitel'nosti k protivoopukholevym preparatam.

Polychemotherapy as one of the chief modes of treatment of Hodgkin's disease needs to be updated time and time again. Among approaches toward optimization of chemotherapeutic effects of the drug preparations in question is their selection tailored to the individual with regard to the results of the preliminary investigation into sensitivity to cytostatics. At the department of systemic tumor diseases, treatments with regard to individual sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drug preparations were administered to 190 patients with lymphogranulomatosis. The above treatments appeared to be associated with significant improvement of the immediate results, in the patients developing drug resistance included.

[The treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas taking into account individual sensitivity to the chemical preparations]. / Lechenie nekhodzhkinskikh limfom s uchetom individual'noi chuvstvitel'nosti k khimiopreparatam.

Polychemotherapy is a mainstay in the treatment of lymphoproliferative diseases. At the department of systemic tumour diseases there have been examined as many as 63 patients with malignant lymphomas; individual sensibility was studied to antitumour drug preparations as recommended by V. P. Evtukh, A. S. Zverkova (1984). After courses of polychemotherapy devised with taking in account the individual sensibility, the immediate results and a parameter characterizing the relapse-free survival got improved as compared with treatments administered according to standard strategies, particularly so in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphomas presenting with high degree malignancy in the stage of dissemination.

[Biological activity of urocanic acid]. / Izuchenie biologicheskoi aktivnosti urokaninovoi kisloty.

Biological activity of urocanic acid was studied in a culture of CaOV cell in vitro and in mice with transferred tumors in vivo. Efficiency of urocanic acid in vitro was estimated by the rate of 3H-thymidine and 3H-uridine as well as 3H-lysine incorporation into cells, and in vivo by its influence on the tumor mass and on life duration of the tumor-bearing mice. Urocanic acid inhibited the protein synthesis in tumoral cells at the step of translation, retarding growth of various strains of transferring tumors in mice. The use of urocanic acid as an antitumoral drug is promising because the palliative effect obtained may be reinforced.