ABSTRACT
The frequent use of acaricides against the tick Rhipicephalus microplus increases the risk of development of resistance. Recent studies have revealed that Neoglaziovia variegata, an indigenous plant species known in Brazil as 'caroá', has a deleterious effect against R. microplus. In the current study, extracts of N. variegata were studied for their possible acaricidal properties. A hexane extract of N. variegata leaves was fractionated in a chromatography column and the fractions were tested in adult tick immersion tests in triplicate using three concentrations (5, 10 and 25 mg/ml). All the fractions had harmful effects on the ticks. However, three fractions were more efficaceous. Phytochemical analysis indicated that stigmast-5-en-3-ol and stigmastanol were most abundant; they might be responsible for the acaricidal effects, making them potentially useful as alternative agents to control the tick R. microplus.
Subject(s)
Acaricides , Bromeliaceae , Rhipicephalus , Tick Infestations , Animals , Brazil , Hexanes , Larva , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant LeavesABSTRACT
Ethanol extracts of different parts of Passiflora cincinnata were obtained by maceration. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated. The antioxidant activities were determined by ß-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching test, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), and 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging. The crude ethanol stem extract showed the highest amount of total polyphenols (45.53 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) while the highest total flavonoid contents (1.42 mg of quercetin equivalent/g) were observed in the leaf extract. The lowest IC50 (25.65 µg/ml) by the DPPH method was observed for the stem extract. The ABTS method showed a significant antioxidant activity for all investigated extracts. The secondary metabolite composition of ethanol extracts was assessed by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS analysis, leading to the identification of fourteen secondary metabolites in P. cincinnata extracts. These results showed the potentiality of this species as a source of phenolic compounds and antioxidants.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/chemistry , Flavonoids/analysis , Passiflora/chemistry , Phenols/analysis , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Secondary Metabolism , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods , Flavonoids/chemistry , Polyphenols/analysis , Quercetin/analysis , Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methodsABSTRACT
O pênfigo vulgar é doença grave, que se caracteriza pelo aparecimento de bolhas e erosões mucocutâneas, tratadas sistêmica e topicamente. Alguns pacientes apresentam no tegumento lesões resistentes às terapias disponíveis. A hidrofibra com prata é curativo retentor e umidificador com amplo espectro bacteriano eficaz no tratamento de feridas e doenças bolhosas. Relata-se caso de PV com lesões na face e na região cervical que, tratado com curativo de hidrofibra com prata, apresentou melhora das lesões em dez dias.
Pemphigus vulgaris is a serious condition characterized by blisters and mucocutaneous erosions, which is treated systemically and topically. Some affected patients present lesions in the integument that are resistant to available therapies. Hydrofiber with silver is a retainer and humidifier dressing with broad bacterial spectrum, which is effective in treating wounds and bullous diseases. The authors describe a case of Pemphigus vulgaris with lesions on the face and neck that was treated with hydrofiber with silver dressing. There was an improvement in the lesions within 10 days.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi in the Americas. METHODS: Phlebotomine captures were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in a rural area endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis located in the municipality of Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: Among other species captured, we observed the presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis in this region, demonstrating the potential risk of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the coastal area of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Therefore, active vigilance by all municipalities in the area is necessary.
Subject(s)
Insect Vectors/classification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Psychodidae/classification , Animals , Brazil , Dogs , Female , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of Leishmania infantum chagasi in the Americas. METHODS: Phlebotomine captures were conducted during 2008 and 2009 in a rural area endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis located in the municipality of Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro. RESULTS: Among other species captured, we observed the presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of the occurrence of Lutzomyia longipalpis in this region, demonstrating the potential risk of visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the coastal area of the State of Rio de Janeiro. Therefore, active vigilance by all municipalities in the area is necessary.
INTRODUÇÃO: Lutzomyia longipalpis é o principal transmissor da Leishmania infantum chagasi nas Américas. MÉTODOS: Capturas de flebotomineos, utilizando armadilhas luminosas, foram realizadas durante 2008/2009 em uma área rural, endêmica para leishmaniose cutânea, localizada no Maciço de Mato Grosso no Município de Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. RESULTADOS: Entre outras espécies capturadas observamos a presença da Lutzomyia longipalpis. CONCLUSÕES: Este é o primeiro relato da ocorrência do vetor da leishmaniose visceral (Lutzomyia longipalpis) nesta área litorânea do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, significando um risco potencial na transmissão da leishmaniose visceral sendo necessária uma vigilância ativa por todos os municípios próximos.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Female , Male , Insect Vectors/classification , Leishmaniasis, Visceral/transmission , Psychodidae/classification , Brazil , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Cutaneous leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, is sporadic in many rural and suburban areas of Rio de Janeiro State. An investigation was carried out during 2008/9 in the Municipality of Saquarema, Rio de Janeiro, Southeast Brazil, in order to identify the phlebotomine sand fly fauna. More than 2,100 sand flies were collected in peridomestic areas in two chicken coops using CDC light traps. Nine species of phlebotomine sand flies were identified: Nyssomyia intermedia, Nyssomyia whitmani, Pintomyia (P.) pessoai, Pintomyia (P.) fischeri, Pintomyia (P.) bianchigalatiae, Migonemyia (M.) migonei, Lutzomyia (L.) longipalpis, Brumptomyia cunhai and Brumptomyia guimaraesi. Based on the results of this study together with related studies in other CL foci in Rio de Janeiro, both Nissomyia intermedia and Migonemyia migonei can be considered suspect vectors of the disease in the region. The potential risk of VL due to the presence of its proven vector L. longipalpis is discussed.
Subject(s)
Insect Vectors/growth & development , Insect Vectors/parasitology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/epidemiology , Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/transmission , Psychodidae/growth & development , Psychodidae/parasitology , Animals , Brazil/epidemiology , Psychodidae/classificationABSTRACT
Este trabalho utiliza a experiência do atual grupo de voluntários do Colegiadode Comunicação do IIPC, Sede Mundial, para apresentar uma reflexão sobreo trabalho administrativo da área e suas repercussões multidimensionais. Pretende-semostrar a evolução das ações e planejamentos grupais, progressivamentese ajustando ao foco da assistência. Serão apresentadas experiências dogrupo ocorridas entre outubro de 2004 e julho de 2006, traçando-se um paraleloentre passado, presente e perspectivas futuras. Além disso, objetiva-se registrare divulgar as técnicas e posturas adotadas para chegar a um novo patamar deprofissionalização da assistência através da comunicação(AU)
This work is based on the experiences of the current IIPC volunteerscommunication group, at the IIPC head office. The main objective is to presenta reflection about the administrative work of this area and its multi-dimensionalrepercussions. It has the intention to show the evolution of the groups actionsand plans progressively adjusted to the assistential focus. The groupsexperiences, acquired from October, 2004 to July, 2006, will be presented, withthe purpose of delineating a parallel of the past, present and future perspectives.Besides that, this work has as an objective to register and disseminate thetechniques and attitudes used to reach a new plateau of assistential professionalismthrough communication(AU)
Este trabajo utiliza la experiencia del actual grupo de voluntarios delColegiado de Comunicación del IIPC, Sede Mundial, para presentar una reflexiónsobre el trabajo administrativo del área y sus repercusiones multidimensionales.Se pretende mostrar la evolución de las acciones y planeamientos grupales,progresivamente ajustándose al foco de la asistencia. Serán presentadasexperiencias del grupo, entre el período de octubre de 2004 hasta Julio de 2006,trazando un paralelo entre pasado, presente y perspectivas futuras. Además deeso, se objetiva registrar y divulgar las técnicas y posturas adoptadas para llegara un nuevo nivel de profesionalización de la asistencia a través de la comunicación(AU)
