Elevated tissue nitric oxide in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

CONTEXT: Nitric oxide (NO) is a diatomic molecule that has been implicated in tumor progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the mechanism of NO affecting tumor growth and progression remains unknown. Tumor progression has been recently received considerable attention, and there is increasing evidence of correlation of tumor biology and behavior. AIMS: We aim to evaluate tissue NO of OSCC patients and correlate these findings with grade and stage of the OSCC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To count tissue nitric oxide in normal and OSCC cases. To compare the findings of tissue nitric oxide between normal and OSCC cases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-two fresh tissue specimens from the excisional biopsy of OSCC patients and 42 tissue samples of normal healthy mucosa using ultraviolet visible spectrophotometer. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was done using Student's unpaired t-test and Tukey's post hoc analysis. RESULTS: Tissue NO level was higher in OSCC compared with control group (P < 0.01). There was an increase in NO levels with advanced clinical staging and with decreased differentiation of tumor. CONCLUSIONS: Increased tissue NO levels in OSCC patients along with an increase in the clinical stage of the tumor and decreased differentiation of tumor indicates the association of NO with tumor growth and with staging and grading of is well recognized.

Reactive hyperplastic lesions of the oral cavity: A retrospective survey study and literature review.

CONTEXT: The reactive lesions are relatively common in the oral cavity because of the frequency with which the tissues are injured. They often result from a known stimulus or injury such as dental plaque, calculus, or foreign material. AIMS:: The aim of this study was to review the clinicopathologic features of reactive hyperplastic lesions (RHLs) of the oral cavity at MIDSR, Dental College and Hospital, Latur, Maharashtra, and to compare these data with those of previously reported studies. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The patient case files from the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology from June 2010 to May 2016 were reviewed for cases of RHLs of the oral cavity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Both clinical and histopathological diagnosis of reactive lesions was selected for the study. Data including the type of the lesion, age, gender, and the site involved were collected. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive statistics was applied to the data and differences in frequencies among groups were evaluated using SPSS (IBM Corporation) software. RESULTS:: A total of 155 histologically diagnosed cases of RHLs were obtained with a prevalence of 11.7%. The data consist of 56 (36.1%) males and 99 (63.9%) females. The most common lesion clinically was traumatic fibroma (36.5%) and histologically fibrous hyperplasia (37.4%). The reactive lesions clinically presented as either sessile (51%) or pedunculated (49%) lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features of reactive hyperplasia among our patients were similar to those reported previously with divergence in some analyzed data. The novelty in our study was the correlation between histopathology and clinical features which were not reported in literature till date.

Evaluation of the orofacial lesions in treated leprosy patients.

BACKGROUND: Leprosy is primarily a disease of developmental countries. About 4 million people have or are disabled by leprosy. Eighty-six percent of leprosy patients reside in Southeast Asia and Brazil. India accounts for up to 70% of total cases. AIM: To evaluate the incidence of orofacial lesions in treated leprosy patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty treated leprosy patients were examined clinically and the percentage of orofacial lesions were evaluated. RESULTS: On evaluating the orofacial lesions, incidence of hypopigmentation on face and oral mucosa were highest (63%) followed by depressed nasal bridge and fissured tongue (33%). The incidence of crenated tongue was seen to be the lowest (3.3%). CONCLUSION: Orofacial lesions in leprosy patients develop insidiously, generally are asymptomatic and are secondary to nasal changes. Oral lesions may contribute to the diagnosis of the disease and be attributed to involvement of Mycobacterium leprae.