ABSTRACT
The antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolates from 400 imported chicken carcasses in Bhutan and from 178 pig carcasses in Vietnam were analyzed on a random basis against 14 antimicrobial agents. Among the poultry samples tested, 13% were positive for Salmonella. Salmonella Enteritidis dominated with a prevalence of 80.7%, and 40 of the 42 isolates harbored two or more resistance determinants. For the 178 pigs investigated, 49.4% of the swabs and 34.8% of the lymph nodes were Salmonella positive. The most prevalent serotypes in lymph nodes were Salmonella Derby (50.0%) and Salmonella Typhimurium (27.4%). From the Salmonella isolates from pigs, only 6% were sensitive to the antimicrobial agents tested. The high resistance level of Salmonella isolates from pigs and chicken carcasses to different classes of antimicrobials should be emphasized and encourage a prudent use of these agents in animal farming, especially in pig production.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Chickens/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Salmonella/drug effects , Swine/microbiology , Animals , Bhutan , Colony Count, Microbial , Consumer Product Safety , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Humans , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Prevalence , Salmonella/isolation & purification , Salmonella Food Poisoning/prevention & control , VietnamABSTRACT
Screening for probiotic bacteria from non-human sources were performed in this study. Three hundred and twenty-seven strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) were isolated from 90 samples of Fermented Plant Beverages (FPBs) and pickles collected from around Thailand. Potentially useful probiotic properties were investigated in vitro in parallel with a commercial probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei, R obtained from a dairy probiotic product in Thailand. An isolate SS2, selected from a fermented star fruit beverage, survived in the human biological barriers (0.15 and 0.30% bile salt, pH values between 3-8, presence or absence of oxygen), resistance to some antibiotics in general use and showed other benefits to the host (antibacterial activity, utilizations of protein and starch). The isolate SS2 had a higher specific growth rate and better inhibitory properties against food borne pathogenic bacteria and spoilage organisms than the commercial probiotic R strain. It also grew well in MRS and the SPY2 medium that is free from animal-derived ingredients, (r>0.8). The isolate SS2 was therefore considered to be a potentially useful probiotic LAB for a non dairy product such as FPBs and was provisionally identified as a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum.
