ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the background on-life drug therapy of psychoneurological disorders with dental pathology in children by analyzing the characteristics of pharmacotherapy and the physical characteristics of the oral fluid. The study involved 277 children with psychoneurological disorders and 270 children without comorbid pathology. The deterioration of the physical characteristics of the oral fluid in children with psychoneurological pathology associated with the experience of comorbid disease and drug therapy for the comorbid background has been established.
Subject(s)
Mental Disorders/complications , Mouth Diseases , Nervous System Diseases , Child , Humans , Mouth Diseases/psychology , Nervous System Diseases/complicationsABSTRACT
We propose a new method for evaluation of conduction anesthesia in animals: by the degree of prolongation of cardiac cycle during vagus nerve stimulation by solitary electric discharges synchronous to the dominant ECG wave, proximally from the site of anesthetic application on the nerve.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia, Conduction/standards , Animals , CatsABSTRACT
Parameters of NO metabolism in the gingiva were studied during experimental periodontitis accompanied by alloxan diabetes and exogenous hypercholesterolemia. We measured activities of inducible and constitutive NO synthase and concentrations of stable NO end metabolites in rat gingival tissue (total contents of nitrite and nitrate). Under pathological conditions NO-metabolism significantly differed from the control. Treatment with mexidol for 14 days significantly decreased activity of inducible NO synthase in the gingiva of experimental animals.
Subject(s)
Gingiva/pathology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Periodontitis/metabolism , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Gingiva/metabolism , Male , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/antagonists & inhibitors , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/antagonists & inhibitors , Oxidative Stress , Periodontitis/enzymology , Picolines/pharmacology , RatsABSTRACT
We studied morphology of the regeneratory process in gingival tissues during treatment of exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis. Richlocaine treatment led to more pronounced activation of neoangiogenesis in inflammatory cellular infiltrate in comparison with traditional drug treatment. Richlocaine stimulated vascularization of regenerating tissues, promoted more extensive normalization of the structure of the gingival mucosa, and prevented the development of fibrosclerotic changes.
Subject(s)
Gingiva/pathology , Mouth Mucosa/pathology , Periodontitis/drug therapy , Piperidines/pharmacology , Biopsy , Fibrosis , Gingiva/drug effects , Humans , Inflammation , Models, Theoretical , Mouth Mucosa/drug effects , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Regeneration , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Treatment with richlocaine alone and, especially, in combination with antihypoxant energostim decreased the total content of hydroxyproline in the ischemic skin flap on day 3 after excision. Combination therapy with richlocaine and energostim normalized the redox potential in the energy supply system, improved antioxidant protection, and promoted the recovery of a balance between various components in the antioxidant system. These changes were not accompanied enhanced production of malonic dialdehyde. Our results suggest that combination therapy with richlocaine and energostim maintains the adaptive reserves of detoxifying systems in keratinocytes and prevents endotoxemia. Richlocaine primarily stimulates glycolytic synthesis of ATP, activates nonmitochondrial antioxidant enzymes, and increases RNase activity in lysosomes.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Hypoxia , Ischemia , Keratinocytes/drug effects , Keratinocytes/pathology , Malondialdehyde/analogs & derivatives , Piperidines/pharmacology , Adenosine Triphosphate/chemistry , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Electron Transport , Endotoxemia/metabolism , Glycolysis , Keratinocytes/metabolism , Lysosomes/metabolism , Male , Malondialdehyde/metabolism , Mitochondria/pathology , Oxidation-Reduction , Rats , Ribonucleases/metabolism , Skin/pathology , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The local anesthetic richlocaine decreased the area of necrosis in the skin flap under conditions of reduced blood flow by 29.5%. Improved survival of skin flap after richlocaine treatment alleviated endogenous intoxication, reduced secondary inflammatory reaction, improved liver function, and normalized the ratio between vasoconstricting and vasodilating prostaglandins. This effect was most pronounced after combination therapy with richlocaine and direct-action antihypoxant energostim.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Cytochromes c/pharmacology , Endotoxemia/drug therapy , Inosine/pharmacology , NAD/pharmacology , Piperidines/pharmacology , Skin/drug effects , Skin/pathology , Alanine Transaminase/metabolism , Animals , Aspartate Aminotransferases/metabolism , Cell Survival , Drug Combinations , Endotoxemia/metabolism , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Histamine/metabolism , Hydroxyproline/chemistry , Hypoxia , Inflammation , Keratinocytes/metabolism , Lactates/metabolism , Male , Necrosis , Rats , Regional Blood Flow , Serotonin/metabolism , Surgical Flaps/pathology , Time Factors , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
We studied morphological characteristics of the regenerative process in gingival tissues during therapy of chronic periodontitis. Energostim stimulated macrophageal reaction and promoted neoangiogenesis in the inflammatory infiltrate. It was not observed after traditional drug therapy. Energostim promoted vascularization in regenerating tissues, normalized the structure at a greater area of the lamina propria of the gingiva, and prevented fibrous and sclerotic changes. The volume of histiolymphocytic infiltrates in regenerating gingival tissues decreased after application of intradental splints.
Subject(s)
Cytochromes c/pharmacology , Gingiva/pathology , Gingivitis/pathology , Inosine/pharmacology , NAD/pharmacology , Periodontitis/drug therapy , Capillaries/metabolism , Chronic Disease , Drug Combinations , Epithelium/metabolism , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Gingiva/blood supply , Humans , Inflammation , Macrophages/metabolism , Macrophages/pathology , Mucous Membrane/pathology , Periodontitis/metabolism , Splints , Time Factors , Wound HealingABSTRACT
We studied the effect of local anesthetic richlocaine on proliferation and intracellular calcium content in cultured osteoblasts from rat parietal bone. In a concentration of 1 mg/ml this drug produced a cytotoxic effect on osteoblasts. In concentrations of 0.01 and 0.001 mg/ml richlocaine in the absence and presence of subtoxic dose of sodium cyanide (0.2 mM) increased the number of osteoblasts by 15.4 and 36.6 or 13.8 and 38.6%, respectively. In a concentration of 1 mg/ml, richlocaine increased the content of cytosolic calcium in osteoblasts by 105%. These effects of richlocaine in low concentrations (0.01 and 0.001 mg/ml) can be related to stimulation of metabolic processes in osteoblasts.
Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Local/toxicity , Calcium/analysis , Cell Division/drug effects , Osteoblasts/drug effects , Piperidines/toxicity , Animals , Animals, Newborn , Calcium/metabolism , Cell Survival , Cells, Cultured , Cytosol/chemistry , Cytosol/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Osteoblasts/metabolism , Parietal Bone/cytology , Poisons/pharmacology , Rats , Sodium Cyanide/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Morphological study confirmed the positive effect of succinic acid on tissue ultrastructure, energy metabolism in cells of fibroblastic differon, reorganization and neogenesis of intercellular substance of the periodontal connective tissue during the retention period after correction of simulated dental torsion abnormality in dogs.
Subject(s)
Periodontium/drug effects , Periodontium/ultrastructure , Succinic Acid/pharmacology , Tooth Abnormalities/drug therapy , Animals , Collagen/analysis , Collagen/ultrastructure , Connective Tissue/physiology , Connective Tissue/ultrastructure , Dogs , Fibroblasts/cytology , Fibroblasts/physiology , Fibroblasts/ultrastructure , Microscopy , Periodontium/cytology , Periodontium/pathology , Tooth Abnormalities/pathology , Torsion Abnormality , Wound HealingSubject(s)
Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacology , Anticonvulsants/pharmacology , Autonomic Nervous System/drug effects , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/analogs & derivatives , Acetylcholine/pharmacology , Adrenal Glands/drug effects , Adrenal Glands/physiology , Alkaloids/pharmacology , Animals , Autonomic Nervous System/physiology , Azocines , Blood Pressure/physiology , Carotid Arteries/pathology , Cats , Chromaffin System/drug effects , Chromaffin System/physiology , Constriction, Pathologic , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electric Stimulation , Female , Ganglia, Parasympathetic/drug effects , Ganglia, Parasympathetic/physiology , Male , Quinolizines , Respiration/drug effects , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Superior Cervical Ganglion/drug effects , Superior Cervical Ganglion/physiology , Vagus Nerve/physiology , Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology , gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacologySubject(s)
Blood Circulation/drug effects , Skin/drug effects , Succinic Acid/pharmacology , Animals , Dogs , Epidermis/drug effects , Epidermis/metabolism , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Histamine/blood , Lethal Dose 50 , Mice , Microcirculation/drug effects , Necrosis , Rats , Regional Blood Flow/drug effects , Serotonin/blood , Skin/blood supply , Skin/pathology , Succinic Acid/toxicity , Surgical Flaps/pathologySubject(s)
Skin Transplantation , Skin/drug effects , Succinic Acid/pharmacology , Adenosine Triphosphatases/metabolism , Animals , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Microscopy, Electron , Rats , Skin/enzymology , Skin/ultrastructure , Succinate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Transplantation, AutologousSubject(s)
Enkephalins/physiology , Hypoxia/prevention & control , Receptors, Opioid/physiology , Acute Disease , Animals , Male , RatsSubject(s)
Adaptation, Physiological/drug effects , Altitude , Atmosphere Exposure Chambers , Hypoxia/drug therapy , Electroencephalography , Growth Hormone/blood , Humans , Hyperventilation/physiopathology , Hypoxia/physiopathology , Lactates/blood , Lactic Acid , Physical Exertion , Renin/blood , Retinal Artery/physiology , Sydnones/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Experiments were carried out on dogs kept in a sealed chamber. Changes in the O2 and CO2 concentrations as well as variations of physiological functions, the so-called survival curves, were studied under the conditions of terminated O2 supply and CO2 utilization. The criteria of investigation, mathematical and physiological analysis were chosen from the point of view of predicting hazardous states during failures of the environmental control system. Tolerance limits during slow and rapid changes of the environment, phases of changes of the body state and mechanisms of a combined effect of increasing hypercapnia and hypoxia were considered.
Subject(s)
Air Conditioning/instrumentation , Atmosphere Exposure Chambers , Hypercapnia/physiopathology , Hypoxia/physiopathology , Animals , Carbon Dioxide/analysis , Dogs , Ecological Systems, Closed , Electrocardiography , Electroencephalography , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Lymphocytes/enzymology , Oxygen/analysis , Oxygen Consumption , Partial Pressure , Respiration , Skin Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The potassium hydrocarbonate and potassium chloride toxicity was compared in experiments on 113 albino rats. The death following introduction of maximal amounts of potassium chloride was noted to supervene earlier than it did in animals receiving equivalent doses of potassium hydrocarbonate. Simultaneous introduction of sodium hydrocarbonate lowered the toxicity of both potassium hydrocarbonate and chloride. Morphological investigations revealed that toxic doses of potassium hydrocarbonate bring about shifts in the carbohydrate and lipids metabolism. Some mechanisms behind the action produced potassium chloride and hydrocarbonate are discussed.
Subject(s)
Potassium Chloride/toxicity , Potassium/toxicity , Animals , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Body Weight/drug effects , Carbonates/toxicity , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Interactions , Electrocardiography , Heart/drug effects , Rats , Sodium/pharmacologyABSTRACT
The toxicity of potassium hydrocarbonate and chloride was compared in tests on 113 albino rats. It was noted that following introduction of maximal amounts of potassium chloride death occurred earlier in these animals than in the ones which received equivalent doses of potassium hydrocarbonate. Simultaneous administration of sodium hydrocarbonate reduced the toxicity of potassium hydrocarbonate and potassium chloride. Morphological investigations brought out that toxic doses of potassium hydrocarbonate led to shifts of the carbohydrate and lipids metabolism. Some mechanisms underlying the action of potassium chloride and potassium hydrocarbonate are discussed.