[Functional characteristics of the antioxidative system in mycobacteria grown on perfluorodecalin-modified media]. / Osobennosti funktsionirovaniia antiokislitel'noi sistemy mikobakterii, vyrashchennykh na sredakh, modifitsirovannykh perftordekalinom.

The growth of mycobacteria on perfluorodecalin-modified media was shown to be accompanied by distinct alterations in the activity of the antioxidant enzyme system in M. bovis BCG and M. lufu. In M. bovis BCG the levels of glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidase-hydrogen peroxidase activity are decreased by 45.47% and 100.88%, respectively. In M. lufu, on the contrary, the level of superoxide dismutase is increased by 42.23%, with no changes observed in the levels of glutathione transferase and glutathione peroxidases. The data obtained suggest physiological heterogeneity of mycobacteria and, thus, open prospects for the differential approaches to the problem of increasing the efficacy of in vitro cultivation of various mycobacterial species, including M. leprae.

[Effect of glutathione on choleragenic diarrhea and disorders of the antioxidant system of rat intestinal and liver cells]. / Vliianie glutationa na kholerogennuiu diareiu i narusheniia antioksiditel'noi sistemy kletok kishechnika i pecheni krys.

The effects of reduced glutathione on the development of choleragenic diarrhea and the activity of glutathione transferase (GT), glutathione peroxidase (GP-GTB and GP-H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) in the small intestine and liver of rats with experimentally ligated jejunal loop have been studied. Diarrhea syndrome was found to decrease markedly after glutathione administration in a dose of 1 g/kg bw. GR activity in the jejunum and liver of rats treated with toxin and the following glutathione administration rose by 210 and 186%, respectively, and then reached the control level. Glutathione transferase activity in the jejunum increased by 150% (P less than 0.05), remaining, however, lower than the control values. The activity of other enzymes tested was unchanged. Polyfunctional cellular activity of glutathione suggests that antidiarrhea effect should be considered as an element of pathogenetic therapy.

[Early manifestations of the effect of Salmonella endotoxin on the antioxidizing enzyme systems of the liver and intestines in the rat]. / Rannie proiavleniia sal'monelleznogo éndotoksina na antiokislitel'nuiu fermentnuiu sistemu pecheni i kishechnika krys.

A study was made of the effect of salmonellosis endotoxin (SE) on the activity of glutathione transferase (GT), glutathione peroxidase (GP-GTB and GP-H2O2), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cytosols of the rat jejunal mucosa and liver. The activity of all the test enzymes of both the small intestine and liver was marked by drastic changes at the early stages of SE action. Thus, the activity of SOD and GP-H2O2 in the liver decreased after 30 min or 1 h of endotoxin action, respectively. In the jejunal mucosa, the activity of GP-H2O2 and SOD dropped after 4 h of SE action. GT in the jejunum remained unchanged, whereas in the liver, it was activated. The activity of GR and GP-GTB in the liver and jejunum was dissimilar. The causes and consequences of the abnormalities of the antioxidant enzymatic system and the role they play in the pathogenesis of salmonellosis intoxication are discussed.

[Antitoxic system of the small intestine and liver in rats exposed to cholera enterotoxin]. / Sostoianie antitoksicheskoi sistemy tonkoi kishki i pecheni krys pri vozdeistvii kholernogo énterotoksina.

The effect of cholera enterotoxin on glutathione-S-transferase (GT), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cytosols of the rat small intestinal mucosa and liver was studied in an experimental ligated jejunal loop. It was found that changes in the detoxication enzymatic activity were phasic in nature in both the mucous membrane of all parts of the small intestine and in the liver: the decrease within the first 30 min to 1 h was replaced by activation after 2 h followed by repeated fall 4 h after toxin administration. The time course of the activity of GT and GP in all the parts of the small intestinal mucosa and liver was marked by the same line of changes. SOD activity underwent dissimilar changes in different parts of the mucous membrane. The mechanisms and pathogenetic significance of the impairment of the small intestinal and liver detoxication system by cholera toxin are discussed.