ABSTRACT
A pesar de los múltiples avances diagnósticos o terapéuticos de la medicina de los últimos años, el derrame pleural (DP) continúa siendo una de las enfermedades que con frecuencia tiene que abordar el especialista de aparato respiratorio o el cirujano torácico. El presente texto no tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión exhaustiva sobre las enfermedades que pueden producir DP, su diagnóstico o su tratamiento, sino constituir una actualización de los conocimientos publicados en los últimos años. Teniendo en cuenta la vocación eminentemente práctica de esta normativa, se ha concedido más extensión a las enfermedades que presentan una mayor incidencia o prevalencia, aunque no hemos renunciado a un ligero recordatorio de otras menos frecuentes. Entre los mayores avances destacan los conocimientos sobre la utilidad de la ecografía torácica, los fibrinolíticos y los agentes pleurodésicos, o la utilización de nuevas técnicas de drenaje pleural, como los tubos torácicos finos o los catéteres tunelizados. La actualización periódica de las normativas favorece la potencial incorporación de nuevas técnicas en el estudio de la enfermedad pleural
Although during the last few years there have been several important changes in the diagnostic or therapeutic methods, pleural effusion is still one of the diseases that the respiratory specialist have to evaluate frequently. The aim of this paper is to update the knowledge about pleural effusions, rather than to review the causes of pleural diseases exhaustively. These recommendations have a longer extension for the subjects with a direct clinical usefulness, but a slight update of other pleural diseases has been also included. Among the main scientific advantages are included the thoracic ultrasonography, the intrapleural fibrinolytics, the pleurodesis agents, or the new pleural drainages techniques
Subject(s)
Humans , Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/therapy , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/therapy , Tuberculosis, Pleural/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Pleural/therapy , Hemothorax/diagnosis , Hemothorax/therapyABSTRACT
Although during the last few years there have been several important changes in the diagnostic or therapeutic methods, pleural effusion is still one of the diseases that the respiratory specialist have to evaluate frequently. The aim of this paper is to update the knowledge about pleural effusions, rather than to review the causes of pleural diseases exhaustively. These recommendations have a longer extension for the subjects with a direct clinical usefulness, but a slight update of other pleural diseases has been also included. Among the main scientific advantages are included the thoracic ultrasonography, the intrapleural fibrinolytics, the pleurodesis agents, or the new pleural drainages techniques.
Subject(s)
Pleural Effusion/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion/therapy , Algorithms , Combined Modality Therapy , Diagnostic Imaging/methods , Exudates and Transudates/chemistry , Humans , Nutritional Support , Pleural Effusion/etiology , Pleural Effusion/microbiology , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/diagnosis , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/therapy , Pleurodesis/methods , Pneumonia/complications , Pneumonia/drug therapy , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/therapy , Sclerosing Solutions/therapeutic use , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tuberculosis, Pleural/complications , Tuberculosis, Pleural/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Pleural/drug therapyABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Hypothyroidism/etiology , Muscular Diseases/complications , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Signs and SymptomsSubject(s)
Autoimmune Diseases/complications , Hypothyroidism/complications , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Muscular Diseases/etiology , Adult , Autoimmune Diseases/diagnosis , Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy , Humans , Hypertrophy , Hypothyroidism/diagnosis , Hypothyroidism/drug therapy , Male , Muscle Weakness/etiology , Muscular Diseases/pathology , Myxedema/etiology , Syndrome , Thyroxine/therapeutic use , Weight GainSubject(s)
Giant Cell Arteritis/etiology , Influenza Vaccines/adverse effects , Aged , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Kidney Calculi/diagnostic imaging , Female , Humans , Kidney Calculi/surgery , Middle Aged , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Influenza Vaccines/adverse effects , Giant Cell Arteritis/etiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To identify the infection risk factors in knee and hip total prosthesis. METHOD: Case-control study of arthoplasties performed during 10 years. RESULTS: By means of conditional multivariate analysis, infection risk factors with greater odds ratio (OR) were surgical risk rate >or= 2, according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.8) and post-operative non-infectious complications (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.1-83.1) (p < 0.05). The global infection rate was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.2%) of 1,666 joint implants. Gram-positive cocci were the principal involved microorganisms (63%). CONCLUSIONS: A high NNIS together with non-infectious post-operative complications increase the risk of prosthesis infection.
Subject(s)
Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects , Knee Prosthesis/adverse effects , Prosthesis-Related Infections/epidemiology , Aged , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivo: El propósito del presente estudio es identificar los factores de riesgo de infección en prótesis totales de rodilla y cadera. Método: Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles entre las artroplastias efectuadas durante 10 años. Resultados: Mediante el ajuste con una regresión logística condicional múltiple, los factores de riesgo asociados a una mayor odds ratio (OR) de infección fueron: un índice de riesgo quirúrgico mayor o igual a 2 según el National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR = 3,3; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%, 1,1-10,8) y las complicaciones no infecciosas posquirúrgicas (OR = 8,9; IC del 95%, 1,1-83,1) (p < 0,05). La tasa de infección global de las artroplastias fue del 2,4% (IC del 95%, 1,6-3,2%) sobre 40 casos de 1.666 implantes y los principales microorganismos fueron cocos grampositivos (63%). Conclusiones: Un índice NNIS elevado y las complicaciones posquirúrgicas no infecciosas incrementan el riego de infección de las prótesis articulares de rodilla y cadera
Background and objective: To identify the infection risk factors in knee and hip total prosthesis. Method: Case-control study of arthoplasties performed during 10 years. Results: By means of conditional multivariate analysis, infection risk factors with greater odds ratio (OR) were surgical risk rate >= 2, according to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) (OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1-10.8) and post-operative non-infectious complications (OR, 8.9; 95% CI, 1.1-83.1) (p < 0.05). The global infection rate was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.6%-3.2%) of 1,666 joint implants. Gram-positive cocci were the principal involved microorganisms (63%). Conclusions: A high NNIS together with non-infectious post-operative complications increase the risk of prosthesis infection
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Aged , Humans , Arthroplasty, Replacement/adverse effects , Prosthesis-Related Infections/microbiology , Risk Adjustment/methods , Risk Factors , Postoperative Complications , Osteoarthritis/complicationsABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Delirium/chemically induced , Azithromycin/adverse effects , Bronchitis/drug therapyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Antibiotics, Antitubercular/adverse effects , Nephritis, Interstitial/chemically induced , Rifampin/adverse effects , Acute Disease , Brucellosis/drug therapyABSTRACT
No disponible
